Biomedical subjects
J R Dooley
Publications and source records attributed to J R Dooley.
Metabolism by rat hepatic microsomes of fluorinated ether anesthetics following ethanol consumption.
The possibility that the metabolism of volatile inhalational anesthetics is altered following chronic ethanol consumption was investigated in male Fischer 344 rats. The hepatic microsomal defluorination rates of methoxyflurane, enflurane, and sevoflurane were determined for pair-fed rats receiving ethanol with normal caloric or with 50% of normal caloric intake. For comparison, the effects of phenobarbital treatment on anesthetic defluorination rates also were examined. Fourteen days of ad libitum consumption of 16% ethanol resulted in maximal defluorination rates of the above anesthetics. No overt signs of ethanol toxicity were observed. Ethanol-treated rats with a normal caloric intake had significantly increased microsomal defluorination rates per mg protein compared with pair-fed control rats as follows: methoxyflurane, 190% of control; enflurane, 298% of control; and sevoflurane, 301% of control. Ethanol-treated animals with 50% of normal caloric intake showed similar elevations in microsomal defluorination rates when compared with pair-fed controls. Phenobarbital treatment significantly increased the rate of methoxyflurane defluorination (673% of control), whereas the rates of sevoflurane defluorination (127% of control) and enflurane defluorination (86% of control) were not altered significantly. Phenobarbital treatment increased the microsomal content of cytochrome P-450, while ethanol treatment did not. This study demonstrated that regardless of total caloric intake, chronic ethanol consumption increases defluorination of inhalation anesthetics in Fischer 344 rats. It also illustrated that the two enzyme-inducing agents are unique with respect to the degree to which they enhance anesthetic defluorination.
Diphyllobothriasis in Americans and Asians.
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Haemotropic bacteria in man.
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Health precautions in Mexico.
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Meningitis of infants caused by Flavobacterium meningosepticum: report of a patient and analysis of 63 infections.
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Is enflurane defluorination inducible in man?
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Fertility, reproduction and postnatal survival in mice chronically exposed to halothane.
Reproductive studies were performed in Swiss/ICR mice chronically exposed to subanesthetic and anesthetic concentrations of halothane. Male and female mice were treated five or seven days a week for nine weeks prior to mating; exposure of females was continued daily throughout pregnancy. Halothane exposures were 0.025, 0.1, 0.4, 1.2, and 4.0 MAC hours per day. No adverse effect on reproduction was observed at the lowest two exposure levels studied. Exposures to 0.4 MAC hour per day or more were associated with decreased maternal weight gain, fetal fetal length and weight, and early postnatal weight gain. Pregnancy rate, implantation rate, and number of live fetuses per litter were significantly decreased at 1.2 MAC hours per day. The percentage of resorption or fetuses dead in utero was not increased, and postnatal survival of offspring was unaltered. Subsequent matings between untreated females and males exposed to halothane, 1.2 MAC hours per day for 17 weeks, resulted in normal reproductive performance; this suggests that the adverse reproductive changes observed when both males and females were exposed represented a primary effect on females. The least exposure at which effects were seen is approximately 40 times greater than the level of human occupational exposure is unscavenged operating rooms.
Mycotic granuloma caused by Phialophora repens.
This is the first reported infection by the saprophytic fungus, Phialophora repens. The infection was a solitary granulomatous nodule in the scalp of a Zaïrian man with advanced lepromatous leprosy. The patient was being treated by long-term prednisolone therapy. In tissue sections there were nonpigmented microcolonies composed of irregularly branched septate hyphae. A darkly pigmented fungus was isolated on Sabouraud's medium. The mycologic features of the etiologic agent were typical of P. repens. The infection was treated successfully by excision of the nodule.