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Biomedical subjects

J R Jamieson

Publications and source records attributed to J R Jamieson.

9 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1995

Pathologic duodenogastric reflux associated with persistence of symptoms after cholecystectomy.

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to determine whether increased duodenogastric reflux contributes to postcholecystectomy symptoms. METHODS: Gastric pH monitoring, hepatobiliary scintigraphy, gastric emptying scans, and gastric acid analysis were performed in asymptomatic (n = 10) and in symptomatic (n = 27) patients after cholecystectomy. Normal subjects (n = 20), patients with dyspepsia related to gastric acid hypersecretion (n = 20), patients with reflux gastritis after gastric surgery (n = 10), and patients with confirmed primary pathologic duodenogastric reflux (n = 10) were studied as controls. Symptomatic patients also underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. RESULTS: Symptomatic patients had significantly increased interprandial gastric exposure to pH < 3 compared with asymptomatic subjects, which correlated well with a high incidence of hepatobiliary scans positive for abnormal duodenogastric reflux and chronic gastritis on endoscopy. Gastric alkaline exposure in symptomatic patients was similar to that seen in patients with primary pathologic duodenogastric reflux and patients with duodenogastric reflux related to gastric surgery. Gastric acid secretion and gastric emptying were not altered. Five patients tested before and after laparoscopic cholecystectomy showed that nocturnal gastric alkalization was enhanced after operation. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that excessive duodenogastric reflux may be responsible for persistence of symptoms after cholecystectomy.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Cervical dysphagia is associated with gastric hyperacidity.

There is some controversy regarding the association of upper esophageal symptoms and acid gastroesophageal reflux. We carried out gastric acid analysis, 24-h esophageal pH measurement, and esophageal manometry in 150 patients with symptoms suggestive of gastroesophageal reflux disease. Of these, 22 (15%) had gastric acid hypersecretion [basal acid output level > 5 mmol/h (19 patients) or maximum acid output level > 30 mmol/h (13 patients)]. They were compared to 25 consecutive patients with normal gastric acid secretion. An incompetent lower esophageal sphincter was identified in a similar number of hypersecretors (HS) (59.1%) and normosecretors (NS) (44%). Esophageal acid exposure was more common in HS than in NS (score, 70 vs. 36.1, p < 0.05). This was reflected as a higher incidence of esophagitis in HS (67 vs. 14%, p < 0.0025). Symptoms of cervical dysphagia were present in eight of 22 HS and one of 25 NS (p = 0.009). There was no anatomical lesion on endoscopy to explain the dysphagia. Upper esophageal sphincter (UES) manometry showed normal pharyngeal pressure, resting UES pressure, and length in both groups. The mean closing UES pressure was 127 mm Hg in HS and 114 mm Hg in NS (0.1 > p > 0.05). The HS with cervical dysphagia were no different from HS without dysphagia in any respect. We conclude that patients with gastric acid hypersecretion have more acid reflux, esophagitis, and cervical dysphagia. This is not associated with demonstrable abnormality in stationary manometry. Prolonged measurement may be required to show any change.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Pharyngoesophageal swallowing disorders.

Pharyngoesophageal dysphagia is chiefly a disorder of the elderly. This review examines recent advances in the understanding of the normal physiology of oropharyngeal bolus transport. Techniques for the evaluation of symptomatic patients are discussed with an emphasis on the complementary nature of manometry and videoradiography. The technical limitations of manometry are detailed. Therapy for the condition is aimed at the underlying cause, and patients with neurologic deficits (largest subgroup of patients) should have a good response to myotomy provided they fulfill basic criteria. Surgery for Zenker's diverticulum is always necessary, and a short discussion of technique has been included.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

Ambulatory 24-h esophageal pH monitoring: normal values, optimal thresholds, specificity, sensitivity, and reproducibility.

Ambulatory 24-h esophageal pH monitoring is increasing in popularity as the means to measure esophageal exposure to gastric juice and document the presence of gastroesophageal reflux disease, particularly before surgical therapy. Normal values for pH exposure were obtained from 50 asymptomatic healthy subjects. Receiver operating characteristic curves constructed from another 25 asymptomatic healthy subjects and 25 selected patients with other markers of increased esophageal acid exposure showed that a composite score and the percent total time pH less than 4 provide the most efficient interpretation of the test with a sensitivity of 96%, a specificity of 100% and an accuracy of 98% for the composite score, and a sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of 96% for the percent total time pH less than 4. Repeat monitoring of healthy volunteers and symptomatic subjects in the inpatient and outpatient environment showed no significant difference, with the exception that the number of reflux episodes was significantly greater during the outpatient recording in volunteers. This did not affect the clinical accuracy of the test. Esophageal pH probes were well tolerated, but caused belching and coughing during the early part of the monitored period. We conclude that computerized ambulatory 24-h esophageal pH monitoring in the outpatient setting provides accurate and reproducible results.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Chronic gastritis.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed1986

The 'sandwich technique' in the management of the open abdomen.

A management technique of the open abdominal wound is described. It consists of a 'sandwich' composed of a Marlex mesh and an Op-Site wound dressing with interposition of suction tubes. Such a technique prevents evisceration, protects the skin, decreases evaporation, allows accurate fluid replacement, facilitates nursing and adds to the patient's comfort.

Abdomen↗