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J R Jardim

Publications and source records attributed to J R Jardim.

31 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
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Heart rate at the estimated lactate threshold in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: effects on the target intensity for dynamic exercise training.

BACKGROUND: Physical training at the range of exercise intensities associated with sustained blood lactate accumulation seems to rapidly improve aerobic performance in both healthy subjects and patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, it is still unclear whether patients' heart rate (HR) at the estimated lactate threshold (HR [symbol: see text]L)--as expressed in percent attained peak HR (AHR), predicted peak HR (PHR) and HR reserve (HRR)--are comparable with the ranges of intensity that are commonly used for target exercise training in control subjects. METHODS: The authors evaluated 26 patients with stable COPD (forced expiratory volume in 1 second = 1.17 +/- 0.28 L) who were submitted for spirometric evaluation, and, after familiarization, to a symptom-limited ramp-incremental cardiopulmonary exercise testing on a cycle ergometer. RESULTS: The authors were able to identify [symbol: see text]L in only 18 patients (69%). The HR [symbol: see text]L corresponded to wide range of exercise intensities according to the three methods (ranging from 70-95% AHR, 50-90% PHR, and 35-60% HRR). However, most of the subjects would be trained within +/- 5% HR [symbol: see text]L if they had been exercised at 80 to 85% AHR and 40 to 45% HRR; these values correspond to higher (AHR) and lower (HRR) intensities than usually recommended for healthy subjects. CONCLUSIONS: Considering that [symbol: see text]L was not identified in approximately one third of the patients and there was ample variability on HR [symbol: see text]L as %AHR, %PHR, and %HRR, the use of HR and [symbol: see text]L targets for routine exercise prescription does not seem to be clinically justifiable in patients with COPD submitted to pulmonary rehabilitation.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Smoking prevalence at the Federal University of São Paulo, 1996--preliminary data of an institutional program].

PURPOSE: To evaluate the prevalence of tobacco smoking among health workers, professores, nurses and students of Federal University of São Paulo and the acceptance of an institutional program for quitting smoking. METHODS: We analized the answers of a questionnairy with 51 questions, distributed to people from different categories. RESULTS: The total percentage of answered questionnaires was 48.6% (2613). The answers obtained from health workers were 37.3%, professors 49.0%, nurses 52.7% and students 76.5% The total percentage of smokers at UNIFESP was 15.5%:23.7% for health workers, 18% for professors, 16% for nurses and 8.6% for students. There was no significant statistical difference between the prevalence of smoking among females (17.3%) and males (16.3%). The age of major prevalence of smoking was between 31 to 40 years (26.6%). For all ages, people who have university level smoked less, independent of sex. Eighty three percent (83%) of the UNIFESP workers and students are worried of being passive smokers. Between the smokers, 55% were thinking of quiting and 42% declared that need some help to quit. CONCLUSION: We concluded that educational programs and help for cessation at institutional level are necessary and well accepted at UNIFESP, and the completion of these programs will contribute to the obeying of the prohibitive laws of no smoking within the community.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Intermittent negative pressure ventilation may increase urine flow in normal subjects.

In order to analyze the effect of intermittent negative pressure ventilation (NPV) on renal function, we studied 20 healthy male volunteers (mean age 29 +/- 4.1 years). NPV was performed with an "Emerson Chest Respirator Pump", adjusted to a breathing frequency of 10 respirations per minute, with inspiratory time/total respiratory time ratio of 0.4 and negative pressure of 25 cmH2O. The experimental protocol was carried out in two phases of two hours each--spontaneous breathing and NPV breathing. At the end of each phase, urine volume of the whole period was collected as well as venous blood sample for biochemical determinations. During NPV there was significant increase (P < 0.05) in urine flow rate (1.43 +/- 0.81 to 2.76 +/- 1.95 ml/min) as well as in natriuresis (258 +/- 201 to 389 +/- 175 mcEq/min), kaliuresis (61 +/- 45 to 98 +/- 49 mcEq/min), fractional sodium excretion (1.38 +/- 0.88 to (1.96 +/- 0.98%), osmolar clearance (3.13 +/- 1.82 to 4.32 +/- 1.24 ml/min) and pH (7.37 +/- 0.04 to 7.41 +/- 0.07) with unchanged creatinine and free water clearances. We concluded that NPV increases urine flow rate, kaliuresis and natriuresis but the data we have do not allow us to explain the mechanisms underlying such a phenomenon.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Iron stores and coagulation parameters in patients with hypoxemic polycythemia secondary to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: the effect of phlebotomies.

UNLABELLED: This study was designed to determine the effects of phlebotomy on iron body contents and coagulation tests of COPD patients with polycythemia secondary to hypoxemia. Seventeen patients with COPD and hematocrits higher than 54 percent (mean Hct: 57 +/- 0.49 percent), who had not received anti-inflammatory or antiplatelet aggregation agents recently. Their mean forced expiratory volume at 1 second (FEV1) was 0.92 +/- 0.11 L. INTERVENTION: Blood work was collected to evaluate the following: serum iron and ferritin levels, total iron binding capacity, transferrin saturation index, fibrinogen plasma levels, activated partial thromboplastin time, platelet count, platelet aggregation measurements, and thromboelastography coagulation parameters. The blood samples were obtained before and about 7 days after the hematocrit correction by 300-400 ml phlebotomies done every other day. The mean number of phlebotomies done for each patient was 4.4. Postphlebotomy iron serum levels decreased from 90.1 +/- 14.8 to 59.7 +/- 9.9 mg/dl and the ferritin serum levels from 133.8 +/- 37.9 to 70.8 +/- 32.7 ng/ml (p < 0.05). Regarding the coagulation studies, there were significant increases in the platelet count, from 227,300 +/- 13,900 to 312,500 +/- 30,200 per mm3, and in the maximum clot amplitude (a) obtained by thromboelastography (from 53.6 +/- 1.4 percent to 60.4 +/- 1.1 percent). The coagulation time (k) of the thromboelastography also decreased significantly, from 7.5 +/- 0.7mm prephlebotomy to 4.5 +/- 0.3mm postphlebotomy. Although the coagulation changes were small amount, the observed significant decrease in iron contents may have clinical implications.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Influence of exposure time to silica and smoking on pulmonary function of workers in the ceramic and stone quarry industry].

The aim of this study was to analyze the influence of the numbers of years a worker is exposed to silica dust and the smoking habit upon his lung function. In order to be included in this study the worker should have been exposed to silica dust for a minimum of ten years and give his oral consent to have his lung function studied and a chest X-ray done. The study was done with individuals who claimed for compensation for silicosis to the Brazilian National Institute of Social Security during the period from 1973 to 1981, in Jundiaí city, São Paulo state. The study groups were made up of 137 workers: Group I, exposure between 10 and 20 years (44 workers) and Group II, exposure over 20 years (93 workers); 59 (42.4%) workers were cigarette smokers, 53 (38.1%) non-smokers and 27 (19.4%) former smokers. Lung function was accomplished through spirometry (FVC, FEV1, FEV1/FVC and FEF 25-75%) flow volume curves breathing air and helium-oxygen mixture (Vmax 50%, Vmax 25% and VisoV). No difference was found between the two groups concerning radiological chest nodules, spirometry, flow volume curves and smoked packyears; smokers had a worse lung function when compared to the non smokers of the same group. These alterations in Group I smokers were predominantly in the peripheral airways (Vmax 25%--p less than 0.05) whereas in those smokers of Group II large airways were also involved (VisoV, FEV1, FEV1/FVC--p less than 0.05).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Efficacy of and tolerance to salmeterol compared to salbutamol in patients with bronchial asthma].

UNLABELLED: Beta 2-agonists are considered one of the cornerstones of the asthma therapy, but their short action requires frequent administration and an association with other broncodilators. The development of long-acting beta 2-agonists may represent an important improvement in asthma treatment. PURPOSE: The present study was designed to assess the efficacy and safety of inhaled salmeterol compared to salbutamol in patients with mild-to-moderate asthma. METHODS: After the two run-in weeks, the patients received either salmeterol 50 mg twice a day or salbutamol 200 mg four times a day, over a four week period, following a double blind, parallel group study. Sixty patients had the following inclusion criteria: FEV1 > 50% or PEFR over the past seven days > 50% of predicted normal; reversibility of FEV1 > 15%; symptoms scores > 2 (score 0 and 5) in 4 of the last seven days or PEFR variation > 15%. RESULTS: Seven patients discontinued the protocol (see methods). Of the 53 analyzable patients, 25 were of the salmeterol group and 28 of the salbutamol group. Our results showed that in the run-in period there were not differences among the groups comparing the values of FEV1 in % predicted, morning PEFR and asthma symptoms scores. The improvement rate of morning FEV1 and PEFR in patients who received salmeterol was significantly higher (p < 0.05) compared to the patients who received salbutamol, for two and four weeks of treatment. Also, the salmeterol group have shown reduction of the symptoms in the nocturnal period(significantly in the first fortnight of treatment) demonstrated by the significative increase in the symptoms improvement rate when compared salmeterol and to salbutamol groups. The number of rescue medication inhaled, side effects, heart rate, blood pressure, serum potassium dosage and electrocardiograms, did no show significative differences between the groups. CONCLUSION: This study showed that in mild to moderate asthmatic patients, salmeterol in the dosage of 100 mg/day raised the FEV1 and the morning PEF and led to pronounced decrease in the nocturnal symptoms as compared to salbutamol. The side effects were similar.

Adult↗