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Biomedical subjects

J R Kriel

Publications and source records attributed to J R Kriel.

10 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1989

Social justice and health care. A theoretical model.

Individual health care and the health care system are normally assessed in terms of efficiency, efficacy and cost-effectiveness, using empirical data regarding sickness profiles, hospital beds per population, cost per patient, etc. In this paper it is argued that assessment of health care in terms of the concepts of justice and injustice is both possible and necessary. A simple model is proposed to assess whether health care can be considered just or unjust in a specific context. The model uses the same data base as is normally used to assess the effectiveness and efficiency of health care systems.

Delivery of Health Care↗
PubMed1986

Conceptual frameworks in preclinical and clinical textbooks.

This is an exploratory attempt to investigate the organization of knowledge in preclinical and clinical textbooks. A theoretical framework to understand the role of textbooks in medical education is developed. An analysis of preclinical and clinical textbooks indicates that preclinical textbooks organize the same field of knowledge differently to clinical ones. In clinical textbooks two different types of organization are indicated. The implication of these findings is discussed.

Arrhythmias, Cardiac↗
PubMed1978

A job well done--a short history of Dr James Moroka.

James Moroka was one of the first Black South Africans and definitely the first Tswana national to obtain a medical degree. After graduating from Edinburgh University he practised for 58 years as a general practitioner in Thaba 'Nchu. He also played a leading role in the sociopolitical history of his people.

Black or African American↗
PubMed1978

Electrocardiographic and biochemical studies on marathon runners.

The electrocardiographic findings and certain biochemical observations in 48 male runners before and after participation in the Comrades Marathon race are presented. In 21 of the 48 runners electrocardiographic changes consistent with early ischaemic heart disease could be demonstrated before the race. In 2 runners who had normal tracings before the race, abnormalities could be shown after the race. The total serum creatine kinase activity was markedly elevated after the race in the majority of the 23 runners in whom this was measured. In 11 of these subjects, the Marsh-Bender (MB) fraction could be demonstrated after the race. It is concluded that an elevated MB fraction is probably not a reliable index of myocardial damage after strenuous exercise.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

[Smokers on Bloemfontein schools: profile and standpoint].

Primary prevention is now the first priority of research on smoking. A study was made of 1 505 children of 12 high schools situated in a conservative Afrikaans-speaking community in an attempt to determine the characteristics of the smoking and non-smoking groups. Of the total group 16% were smokers. The male/female ratio was 3:1. The mean age at which smoking commenced was 15,5 years. A positive relationship was found between the smoking habits of the smokers and those of their parents and best friends. The majority of pupils think that smoking is addictive. In addition, they believe that it is unhealthy and leads to poor sporting achievements. The great majority of smokers and non-smokers agree that non-smokers do better at school. Fathers of both smokers and non-smokers do not favour the habit. Ninety per cent of the boys and 83% of the girls started smoking between 12 and 18 years of age. The critical age for a preventive programme is thus 11 years.

Achievement↗
PubMed1976

[Cycling, fitness and the prevention of ischemic heart disease].

A short review of the prevalence of ischaemic heart disease in South African Whites is given, and primary prevention, which entails an alteration in life style, is emphasised. The role of increased physical activity in primary prevention is discussed. Any programme to increase the fitness status of a population based on activities that must be performed outside the daily routine, willhave limited impact. The possible role of cycling is discussed and it is shown that ordinary cycling to work probably causes sufficient stimulation of the cardiovascular system to produce an acceptable standard of physical fitness.

Activities of Daily Living↗