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Biomedical subjects

J R McArthur

Publications and source records attributed to J R McArthur.

11 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

A survey of videodisc and interactive videodisc projects in North America: Part I.

Selected videodisc (VD) and interactive videodisc (IVD) programs, projects and topics are presented in two articles in this and a subsequent issue of the journal. Part I reviews the impact of Information Science developments on image management. The American Society of Hematology Slide Bank and other specific applications in urology, paediatric neurology, obstetrical nursing, medical decision making, dental diagnosis and treatment (DDT), and paediatric cardiology, are reviewed as educational and informatics research projects. This is followed by a section on three-dimensional reconstructions of the brain which stresses digital images. Multi-purposing and repurposing are reviewed in two prototype programs. A discussion of the multidisciplinary Slice of Life projects completes this first article.

Computer Graphics↗
PubMed1989

Interactive computer-video modules for health sciences education.

Advances in electronic image recording and computer technology have resulted in a remarkable increase in the power and flexibility of interactive computer-video teaching systems. The University of Washington Health Science Videodisc Development Group first demonstrated a laser videodisc controlled by a remote central computer in 1980. Even this rudimentary unit highlighted basic medical informatics principles including: rapid accessibility; a "generic" or multi-purposed format; ease of computer control; and large collections of valid, rigorously reviewed images. Advances in medical informatics have led to the development of the following previously undescribed series of teaching units: 1. The hypertext programs Hypercard, Linkway, and Guide have been used with videodiscs to develop easy-to-use instructional and reference materials. These materials demonstrate the ease with which a computer-naive instructor may develop new programs and the advantages that the intuitive nature of these programs brings to student users. 2. Patient simulations using single and double screens plus pre-defined knowledge structures; 3. Interactive single topic tutorials using preset knowledge structures; 4. A key-word-based disc searching system; 5. Electronic video microscopy; 6. A series of programs developed independently by health science faculty who have purchased multi-purpose videodiscs that demonstrate the flexibility of the multi-purpose or "generic": collection concept.

Computer Simulation↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The effect of an educational program on transfusion practices in a regional blood program.

With the increased complexity of blood component therapy, it is important to be able to modify physician behavior with reliable educational programs. A standardized educational program on the use of red blood cells and whole blood was tested in 22 hospitals in a regional blood program using medical audit and computer monitoring to evaluate effectiveness. Most hospitals were eager to take advantage of the education program but were unwilling to use the audit-education cycle. At the same time, computer monitoring of indivisual hospital ordering and transfusion practices demonstrated an increased utilization of red blood cells in 64 per cent of hospitals with an overall improvement of 8 per cent. The improved use of red blood cells was appreciated within the month of the program and then sustained for six to twelve months at the new level.

Blood Transfusion↗