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Biomedical subjects

J R Robson

Publications and source records attributed to J R Robson.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1984

Glycolytic overload and the genesis of breast cancer.

It is suggested that the development of breast cancer is due to overloading of the glycolytic pathways. An excess of substrates or an excessive delivery rate of substrates to the Krebs Cycle is believed to result in the formation of acetyl CoA. Feedback mechanisms controlling the conversion of acetyl CoA to cholesterol may be overcome; the resulting high concentration of cholesterol induces the formation of pregnenolone which may then be converted into androgens, estrogens and progesterone. These steroids are in addition to those produced by gonads and adrenal glands. Glycolytic overload is also associated with an increase in fat stores which have been shown to be the site of interconversion of sex hormones. Excess sex hormones or abnormal sex hormones are believed to be the cause of breast cancer. The hypothesis presented links glycolytic overload with clinical biochemical phenomena and explains some of the anomalies observed in breast cancer experience in different ethnic groups. Changes in dietary habits during the history of man resulting in " gorging " and the consumption of highly refined sugars are possible causes of glycolytic overload. So, also, is impaired thermogenesis due to Brown Fat deficits in certain ethnic groups.

Acetyl Coenzyme A↗
PubMed1981

Erythrocyte zinc.

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Erythrocytes↗
PubMed1980

Dietary management of intractable diarrhea in malnourished patients.

Patients with protein-calorie malnutrition frequently have a flattened intestinal mucosa, resulting in diarrhea and malabsorption. Repletion of nutritional status is essential for repair for the gut tissue and clinical improvement of diarrhea and malabsorption. Rapid enteral refeeding, however, may cause severe setbacks in progress. A protocol for gradual enteral refeeding of patients with protein-calorie malnutrition and diarrhea has been described, and criteria for assessing the patient's progress on the protocol have been specified.

Child↗
PubMed1977

Food faddism.

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Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Influence of certain dietary fibers on serum and tissue cholesterol levels in rats.

Pectin, carragheenan, agar gum arabic, cellulose and wheat bran were each fed to rats at a level of 5 to 7% to examine their effect on serum, liver and tissue cholesterol levels. Diets (casein-sucrose diet containing 10-15% soybean oil, or skim milk-wheat flour diet containing 10-15% soybean oil) supplemented with either 0, 0.2, or 0.5% cholesterol were used to test the possibly dietary interactions. Among the fibers tested, pectin displayed the most hypocholesterolemic effect. In some experiments, pectin lowered the level of cholesterol in the serum, liver, and aorta, but it elevated body cholesterol levels. Carragheenan was inconsistent in lowering serum cholesterol levels and tended to increase liver and carcass cholesterol levels. These results probably suggest that pectin and carragheenan can affect the distribution of cholesterol within the body. Gum arabic and agar did not lower serum cholesterol levels and in one case gum arabic elevated them. Furthermore, in some experiments they elevated liver body cholesterol levels. It appears that feeding of gum arabic and agar probably resulted in an expansion of the whole body cholesterol pool. Feeding of wheat bran or cellulose had no significant effect on either serum or liver cholesterol levels. The study indicates that the effect of dietary fiber is dependent on the composition of the diet. Furthermore, while some fibers such as pectin may exhibit a hypocholesterolemic effect in rats, other fibers such as gum arabic and agar may actually elevate serum or tissue cholesterol levels.

Acacia↗
PubMed1976

Etiology of growth failure in a clinic population.

To identify the basis of growth failure, the background of preschool children whose growth fell below 97 per cent of their peers was compared with that of those who demonstrated a higher level of growth achievement. A questionnaire administered at the home of each child documented living conditions, health history, and other family characteristics. Families of the growth-retarded children had higher income, higher credit payments, and used higher dollar values of Food Stamps. A greater percentage of the growth-retarded children were low-birth-weight infants. However, neither low birth weight nor any other one factor consistently predicted poor growth achievement. The need for adequate growth standards to correctly diagnose achievement remains a primary need in the field of nutritional assessment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Growth standards for infants and children: a cross-sectional study.

Measurements of height and weight were collected on 1,233 Black and white infants and children attending a Child Health Clinic in Washtenaw County, Michigan. Polynomial curves were fitted to each race and sex group and, from these, estimates were made of the 3rd, 50th, and 97th percentiles for height and weight. Blacks tended to be lighter and shorter than whites in early infancy. In the second year of life, Blacks tended to exceed whites in height and weight achievement. For infants and children in the 97th percentile this change in status occurred earlier. The differences in weight and height achievement were statistically significant in the two race groups, but not between sexes. The percentile estimates differed significantly from the percentiles of local as well as the "Iowa," "Harvard," and "Tanner" (United Kingdom) standards. Differences in the racial and environmental background of the clinic population and the samples used in the development of the national standards probably accounts for the variations in the percentile estimates. It is concluded that race- and sex-specific standards are required before growth achievements in infants and children can be properly evaluated.

Body Height↗