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Biomedical subjects

J R Sty

Publications and source records attributed to J R Sty.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

Cervical lymphadenitis complicated by mycotic carotid artery aneurysm.

A case of mycotic carotid artery aneurysm due to cervical lymphadenitis in a four-year old child is presented. Sonography and computed tomography (CT) demonstrated an irregular fluid-containing neck mass, similar in appearance to an uncomplicated abscess. Continuity with the carotid artery was suggested on sonography, and CT demonstrated intense contrast enhancement of the liquid portion of the mass. Mycotic carotid artery aneurysm is a rare, but potentially fatal, complication of cervical lymphadenitis that is detectable with noninvasive diagnostic imaging studies.

Aneurysm, Infected↗
PubMed1991

Heterotopic Tc-99m MDP uptake secondary to phlebitis.

A patient with blastomycosis complained of pain in his lower back after the administration of amphotericin B and parenteral alimentation via a femoral venous catheter. A bone scan that was performed to exclude bony involvement with blastomycosis showed abnormal tracer accumulation in the right paravertebral region. Computed tomography revealed the venous catheter to lie in the right ascending lumbar vein. There was calcification of a portion of the right psoas muscle. In addition, the epidural venous plexus was calcified from L2 to L4. It was this dystrophic calcification that caused the heterotopic accumulation of bone tracer.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Imaging of sacrococcygeal germ cell tumors.

Sacrococcygeal teratoma is the most common solid tumor in neonates. Malignant sacrococcygeal germ cell tumors also occur in infants and children. Diagnostic imaging studies help confirm the diagnosis of a clinically palpable sacrococcygeal mass, determine its relationship to other structures, and detect metastases. Despite the relative frequency of sacrococcygeal germ cell tumors, characteristics of these lesions as evaluated with computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging have received little attention in radiologic literature. We outline important clinical information, review the spectrum of manifestations of these tumors with traditional imaging studies, and illustrate the value of CT and MR imaging for diagnosis and staging of sacrococcygeal germ cell tumors.

Diagnostic Imaging↗
PubMed1990

I-123 Iofetamine SPECT scan in children with neurological disorders.

I-123 Iofetamine (IMP) single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) imaging of the brain in 42 patients (ages 14 days to 23 years) was compared with other localizing studies in children with neurological diseases. All had an EEG and at least one imaging study of the brain (computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), or both). Seventy-eight percent of the patients had an EEG within 24-72 hours of the IMP-SPECT scan. Thirty-five (83%) had a history of seizures, and the remainder had other neurological conditions without a history of seizures. In most cases, a normal EEG reading with normal CT or MRI result predicted a normal SPECT study. When the EEG was abnormal the majority of the IMP-SPECT scans were abnormal and localized the abnormality to the same region. A comparison with CT and MRI showed that structural abnormalities involving the cortex were usually well demonstrated with IMP-SPECT imaging. Structural lesions confined to the white matter were generally not detectable with IMP-SPECT. In a few cases, SPECT scans revealed abnormalities in deep brain areas not identified by EEG. IMP-SPECT imaging is a valuable technique for the detection and localization of abnormal cerebral metabolic activity in children with seizure disorders. A correlation with CT or MRI is essential for proper interpretation of abnormalities detected with IMP SPECT imaging.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Periarticular soft tissue calcification and ossification in the septic joint.

We encountered three infants who developed juxta-articular calcification adjacent to the anterolateral aspect of the ilium. All had had drainage of a septic hip using an anterior approach. Calcification was not found among five infants whose septic hips were drained using a posterior approach. Some surgeons who employ the anterior approach facilitate exposure of the joint capsule by elevation of the origins of the sartorius and rectus femoris muscles. We feel this juxta-articular calcification in this setting is a sequla of anterior surgical drainage of the hip in which there has been surgical elevation of the iliac periosteum. It does not imply an unfavorable outcome.

Arthritis, Infectious↗
PubMed1989

Imaging of the pediatric eye and orbit.

The spectrum of ocular and orbital pathology in the pediatric age group is quite different from that of adults. Imaging studies serve an important role in the diagnosis and management of many of these abnormalities. This review outlines the various abnormalities of the pediatric eye and orbit for which imaging studies are often required, including: infection, neoplasm, inflammation and infiltration, developmental anomalies, and trauma. The computed tomographic appearances of these abnormalities are emphasized. Additionally, the pertinent findings recorded with magnetic resonance imaging, scintigraphy, and radiography are described. Correlation of the results of imaging studies with pertinent clinical information allows the determination of specific diagnoses in most instances of pediatric orbital pathology.

Child↗
PubMed1988

Clinical predictors of severe head trauma in children.

We reviewed the medical records of 55 patients who underwent a cranial computed tomographic (CT) scan for acute head trauma. The severity of head trauma was classified according to objective clinical findings as severe in 44 patients, moderate in three, and mild in eight. Thirty-seven patients (84%) with severe head trauma had a brain injury identified on CT scan. Six patients with severe head trauma had a Glasgow Coma Scale score of 12 or greater and an abnormal CT scan. All patients with mild or moderate head trauma had normal CT scans. Severe head trauma, as defined in this study, accurately identified all patients with abnormal CT scan findings. We conclude that a classification based on objective clinical findings accurately identifies the severity of head trauma. This is particularly important in evaluating patients with a Glasgow Coma Scale score of 12 or greater. A prospective study including larger numbers of patients is needed to further evaluate such a classification.

Adolescent↗