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Biomedical subjects

J R Turk

Publications and source records attributed to J R Turk.

65 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Cystic lymphangioma in a colt.

A 6-month-old Morgan colt was examined because of preputial edema and multiple nodular masses in the left inguinal region. A tentative diagnosis of lymphatic hamartoma was made on the basis of initial biopsy findings. The prognosis for surgical excision was poor due to the progressive expansile growth of the tumor. Secondary infectious complications developed, and the colt was euthanatized at the owner's request. An abdominal and retroperitoneal mass was seen at postmortem examination. The mass was adherent to the left lumbar musculature, the craniodorsal aspect of the pelvic inlet, the midjejunum, the left testicle, and the left kidney. The mass extended through the left inguinal and femoral canals into the deep intermuscular fascia of the hindlimb. Histologic examination of the mass indicated that it was a cystic lymphangioma.

Abdominal Neoplasms↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Growth and functional assessment of pulmonary valves in pigs after replacement of sinuses of Valsalva.

Neopulmonary artery stenosis may occur after the arterial switching procedure to correct transposition of the great arteries. One technique to reduce this complication is to use a single rectangular piece of autogenous pericardium to reconstruct two adjacent sinuses of Valsalva and maintain pulmonary artery size. The long-term effect of this technique on pulmonary artery and valve growth and function is unknown. To assess this technique, Yorkshire-cross pigs (n = 5) weighing 29 +/- 1.7 kg (mean +/- SEM) were anesthetized, and during cardiopulmonary bypass, the pulmonary artery was transected distal to the pulmonary valve. Pulmonary artery diameter and commissure distances were measured. Two adjacent pulmonary artery sinuses of Valsalva were completely excised from the anulus to 4 mm distal to the commissures, leaving 2 mm of pulmonary artery tissue attached to the skeletonized commissure and on each side of the one remaining intact sinus of Valsalva. A single rectangular patch of fresh autologous pericardium was sutured to the anulus and remnant of the pulmonary artery along the commissure and edges of the one intact sinus of Valsalva. Pericardium composed two thirds of the circumference of the proximal pulmonary artery; this was anastomosed to the distal pulmonary artery. Weight gain occurred at a rate of 0.6 kg/day (median). The animals underwent right heart catheterization and cineangiography. They were killed 157.2 +/- 12.9 days post-operatively. The reconstructed pulmonary artery grew from 17.6 +/- 0.8 mm to 30.8 +/- 1.5 mm (p < 0.01), and the commissure distances grew from 17.0 +/- 1 mm to 27.2 +/- 1.6 mm (p < 0.01).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Naturally occurring scrapie in Southdown sheep.

The purpose of this study was to characterize naturally occurring scrapie in the Southdown breed of sheep. Experimental subjects included 4 Southdown ewes admitted to the University of Missouri, College of Veterinary Medicine Large Animal Clinic. All 4 sheep had signs compatible with clinical scrapie. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cell counts ranged from a low of 1 nucleated cell/microL to high of 4 cells/microL with a median of 3 cells/microL. Cerebrospinal protein concentrations ranged from 26 to 78 mg/dL with a median of 53 mg/dL. Immunoassay of the CSF for the 14-3-3 protein yielded positive results in 3 of the 4 sheep. Sequencing of the prion protein (PrP) gene revealed that all 4 sheep were homozygous for glutamine at codon 171 and, hence, were of the QQ genotype. Histopathologic examination of brain stem tissue sections revealed intracytoplasmic neuronal vacuolation and mild spongiform changes in the gray matter neuropil in all 4 ewes. The diagnosis of scrapie was confirmed by immunohistochemical staining for the abnormal PrP Our results suggest that the genetics of scrapie susceptibility are probably similar in Suffolk and Southdown sheep. Positive immunoassay results for the 14-3-3 protein were observed in 3 of the 4 sheep.

14-3-3 Proteins↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Fibrosarcoma in the distal radius and carpus of a four-year-old Persian.

A four-year-old Persian was presented for evaluation of a nonweight-bearing, left forelimb lameness. Radioulnar and pancarpal osteolysis with minimal periosteal reaction were seen on radiographs of the antebrachium. Cytological examinations of fine-needle aspirates and impression smears were suggestive of sarcoma. After forequarter amputation, histopathological examination provided a diagnosis of fibrosarcoma with axillary lymph-node metastasis.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Isolated right-ventricular hypertrophy associated with severe pulmonary vascular apolipoprotein A1-derived amyloidosis in a dog.

A 12-year-old dachshund was referred for respiratory distress, coughing, and weight loss. Cyanosis, dyspnea, tachypnea, and harsh lung sounds were noted on physical examination. Polycythemia with an increased number of nucleated red blood cells; right atrial enlargement; severe interstitial-to-alveolar pattern in all lung fields; and peripheral, echogenic, pulmonary masses were observed. Cytological examination of pulmonary aspirates indicated possible pulmonary carcinoma. The dog was euthanized at the owner's request. Isolated right-ventricular hypertrophy and pulmonary arteriopathy with amyloid deposits of apolipoprotein A1 were identified upon necropsy and histopathology. Pulmonary vascular amyloidosis should be considered in the differential diagnoses of respiratory distress in aged dogs.

Amyloidosis↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Infantile desmoid-type fibromatosis in an Akita puppy.

A 10-week-old Akita puppy was evaluated for a reported umbilical hernia. Repair of the hernia had been attempted three times prior to referral. A defect in the ventral abdominal wall with an associated soft-tissue mass was identified on abdominal radiographs. Exploratory surgery was performed; the mass was resected and the abdominal wall defect was repaired. Histopathological evaluation of the mass was consistent with infantile desmoid-type fibromatosis.

Abdominal Muscles↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Intestinal adenocarcinoma in a chicken.

An obstructing intestinal stricture 65 cm distal to the pylorus in an aged hen was seen on histologic examination to be caused by a primary intestinal adenocarcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effects on turkey poults of feeding Fusarium moniliforme M-1325 culture material grown under different environmental conditions.

The effects of feeding Fusarium moniliforme M-1325 culture material (CM), grown under different environmental conditions, were studied in turkey poults. Poults were fed a control diet or diets containing four levels of FB1 (75, 150, 225, or 300 mg/kg) prepared from F. moniliforme M-1325 cultures that produced 7800 (CM1) or 4000 mg FB1/kg (CM2). F. moniliforme M-1325 CM that produced a low concentration of FB1 (350 mg FB1/kg) was also used to prepare an additional diet containing 75 mg FB1/kg (CM3). Dose-dependent decreases in feed intake and body-weight gains and dose-dependent increases in liver weights and serum sphinganine (SA) to sphingosine (SO) ratios were observed in poults fed CM1 or CM2. Poults fed CM3 consumed more feed and had lower body-weight gains than controls or poults fed CM1 or CM2 (at 75 mg FB1/kg). Poults fed CM3 also had increased liver weights and SA:SO ratios compared with control poults. Generalized hepatocellular hyperplasia was observed in all FB1 treatment groups. Biliary hyperplasia was evident in turkeys fed 150 to 300 mg FB1/kg. Results indicate that at equivalent dietary FB1 levels, F. moniliforme cultures producing different concentrations of FB1 differ in their effects on turkey poults.

Animal Feed↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The chronic effects of Fusarium moniliforme culture material, containing known levels of fumonisin B1, in turkeys.

Fourteen 1-day-old male turkeys were randomly assigned to two adjacent floor pens and fed balanced rations containing 0 and 75 mg fumonisin B1 (FB1)/kg for 18 weeks. Inclusion of FB1 in the ration caused decreased body weight gain on weeks 4, 10, and 12 during the trial. Turkeys fed 75 mg FB1/kg had significantly heavier livers after treatment for 18 weeks. Chronic FB1 exposure resulted in an increased total white blood cell count, absolute heterophil count, absolute lymphocyte count, and heterophil-to-lymphocyte ratio. No mortality was noted in turkeys in either treatment group. Turkeys are relatively resistant to chronic FB1 exposure.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Moniliformin from Fusarium fujikuroi culture material and deoxynivalenol from naturally contaminated wheat incorporated into diets of broiler chicks.

The effects of feeding diets containing 100 mg moniliformin (M)/kg of feed from culture material and 16 mg deoxynivalenol (DON)/kg of feed from naturally contaminated wheat were evaluated in growing broiler chicks from 1 day to 21 days of age. Body weight (BW), body-weight gain, and feed consumption were decreased by feeding M and M plus DON diets. Relative heart weight was increased by the M diet, whereas relative weights of proventriculus, gizzard, and heart were increased by the M plus DON diet. The M diet increased alanine transferase and aspartate transaminase activities and creatinine concentration and decreased mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC). The M and DON diet decreased glucose, hemoglobin, and MCHC. Histopathological lesions from the M diet were limited to the kidney and consisted of extensive renal tubular epithelial degeneration plus luminal mineralization. A moderation of the severity of lesions was seen in the tissues of the M plus DON-fed chicks, consisting of generally mild tubular epithelial degeneration. None of the parameters measured were affected by the DON diet. Results indicate additive or less-than-additive toxicity for most parameters when chicks were fed diets containing 100 mg M plus 16 mg DON/kg of feed. Although the concentration of M in this study was high compared with that reported for feedstuffs, additional information on the occurrence and toxicity of M will need to be collected in order to assess the importance of M to the poultry industry.

Alanine Transaminase↗