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Biomedical subjects

J R Vevaina

Publications and source records attributed to J R Vevaina.

7 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1993

Issues in biomedical ethics.

Bioethics is the discipline of ethics dealing with moral problems arising in the practice of medicine and the pursuit of biomedical research. Physicians may confront ethical dilemmas regularly in their individual relationships with patients and in institutional and societal decisions on health care policy. Ethical problem solving requires the application of certain ethical rules and principles to specific situations. Although ethical theories differ, certain ethical rules and principles appear consistently. These include nonmaleficence, beneficence, respect for individual autonomy, confidentiality, and justice. This article discusses some of the ethical issues that arise in clinical practice, including informed consent, do-not-resuscitate orders, noninitiation and termination of medical therapy, genetic intervention, allocation of scarce health resources, and infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Some of these problems require ethical analysis at the bedside; others require physician involvement on a broader level. Perspectives on the different ethical issues are presented; however, absolute answers to these ethical dilemmas are not provided. Interpretation of the ethical principles and the application of these principles to each clinical situation demands the thoughtful attention of the practitioner.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1991

Legal and ethical problems in intensive care units.

The intent of this article is to increase the awareness of physicians working in intensive care units as to their legal and ethical responsibilities, and the potential for serious harm they can do to patients with the inevitable malpractice law suit if patient damage does occur. This article also suggests some defences in the event that physicians get involved in the legal cobweb.

Advance Directives↗
PubMed1988

Thoracic hemangiomatosis masquerading as interstitial lung disease.

Pulmonary capillary hemangiomatosis is an extremely rare condition, first described by Wagenvoort. In this condition, sheets of thin-walled blood vessels infiltrate the lung parenchyma, bronchioles, and pleura. Three previous cases have been described in the literature. We describe a fourth. It probably represents a congenital abnormality.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Correlation of absent inner dynein arms and mucociliary clearance in a patient with Kartagener's syndrome.

Recent experimental studies have demonstrated extensive biochemical differences between the outer and inner dynein arms of cilia. The inner dynein arms are now emerging as the "prime movers" for ciliary clearance. We studied ciliary motility as evidenced by radioisotope mucociliary clearance, and the ultrastructure of respiratory cilia in a patient with Kartagener's syndrome. Cilia exhibited complete absence of only the inner dynein arms, while retaining outer arms, and mucociliary clearance was totally absent. We also studied neutrophil chemotaxis and other immunologic functions in our patient and found them to be normal. Our findings demonstrate an association between the structural abnormality of absent inner dynein arms alone and ciliary immotility in Kartagener's syndrome. The neutrophil migration abnormalities may have a different mechanism which needs further study.

Adenosine Triphosphatases↗