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Biomedical subjects

J R Wagner

Publications and source records attributed to J R Wagner.

86 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Distributed laboratory computing. Integration of a laboratory computer into a hospital information system.

The University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, a large teaching hospital and tertiary care referral center, has implemented a vendor-supplied laboratory computer package operating on a dedicated minicomputer. A high-speed communications link allows the laboratory computer to share patient administrative, census, and test result data with the central hospital information system on an interactive basis. Operational characteristics of the system are discussed, and special attention is given to the critical problems and advantages of interfacing two computers.

Computers↗
PubMed1977

Comparative flatulence activity of beans and bean fractions for man and the rat.

To evaluate H2 production in the rat after ingestion of legume products as a predictive bioassay of their flatulence activity for man, responses of man and the rat to (1) a bland formula diet, (2) cooked California Small White bean (CSW) solids, (3) 70% ethanol extract of (2), (4) oligosaccharide fraction of (3), (5) non-protein nitrogen fraction of (3), and (6) combination of (4) and (5) were compared. Six human subjects were fed an 800 kcal breakfast of (1) or containing the amount of a test item equivalent to 100 g CSW. Each subject received all items once plus a single replicate of three items at the rate of one per week in random order. Total flatus volume, H2, CO2, and CH4 volumes and breath H2 concentration were measured for the interval 2.5 to 8.5 hours after breakfast. Young rats in metabolic chambers received known amounts of items 2 to 6 mixed with a bland basal diet. H2 trapped in the chambers was measured after 20 hours. Correlation of rat H2 and to human breath H2 measurements and flatus gas volumes were significant and positive except for negative correlation with flatus methane volume. Measurement of hydrogen production in the rat has potential for a predictive bioassay for flatulence in man.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Folic acid compounds in romaine lettuce.

The composition of folate coenzymes in romaine lettuce was studied. Lettuce extract was purified on QAE-Sephadex A-25 and folate compounds were separated into a monoglutamate fraction and a polyglutamate fraction by chromatography on Sephadex G-15. Both the mono- and poly-glutamate fractions were resolved on DEAE-cellulose. Positive identification of DEAE peaks was made by further cochromatography with high specific activity radioactive marker folate compounds and with differential microbiological assay. The distribution of folate compounds in lettuce is as follows: 32% 5-CH3-H4PteGlu; 1% 5-CHO-H4PteGlu; 3% 5-CHO-H4PteGlu4; 9% 5-CH3-H4PteGlu4; 13% 5-CHO-H4PteGlu5; and 31% 5-CH3-H4PteGlu5.

Biological Assay↗
PubMed1976

High-pressure liquid chromatography of steroidal alkaloids.

High-pressure liquid chromatography was used to separate the following steroidal alkaloids: tomatidine, solanidine, solasodine, rubijervine, veratramine and jervine. The method was used to prepare crystalline solanidine from a crude mixture of aglycones obtained from Solanum chacoense, and to separate radioactive solanidine from extracts of potato plants fed with [4-C]cholesterol.

Alkaloids↗
PubMed1976

Hydrogen production in the rat following ingestion of raffinose, stachyose and oligosaccharide-free bean residue.

Raffinose and stachyose were compared to cooked California Small White beans (CSW) containing 4% alpha-oligosaccharides (stachyose and raffinose) and to oligosaccharide-free CSW solids (residue from hexane and 70% ethanol extraction of CSW) as sources of hydrogen when ingested by rats maintained in life support systems. If the oligosaccharide content were the only hydrogen source in CSW, it would have had to be 25 times as potent as CSW, but raffinose was only five times and stachyose seven times as potent as CSW. Oligosaccharide-free residue was 0.4 to 0.5 as active as CSW. Hydrogen producing potencies of stachyose and raffinose were enhanced by feeding in combinations with residue. The increases in hydrogen production from the combinations were more than additive. Thus, CSW contains at least one 70% alcohol-insoluble substance which, in addition to the oligosaccharides, is essential to bring about quantitatively the physiological response to whole beans observed in rats.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Urologic complications of major pelvic surgery.

The close proximity of pelvic organs makes the genitourinary system susceptible to injury during major pelvic surgery. Iatrogenic injury remains the most common cause of lower urinary tract trauma. Recent modifications in surgical technique, such as sharp mesorectal incision and nerve-sparing radical prostatectomy, have decreased the incidence of many of these complications. Genitourinary complications due to pelvic surgery remain common, however, and as new surgical advancements are made, new complications may present. An understanding of the prevention, recognition, and treatment of urologic complications is important for every surgeon performing major pelvic surgery.

Erectile Dysfunction↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Imaging features of hereditary papillary renal cancers.

PURPOSE: Our goal was to describe the imaging features of hereditary papillary renal cancer syndrome (HPRC), a new familial cancer syndrome. METHOD: Members of seven kindreds with HPRC comprising 78 individuals were screened with contrast-enhanced CT and abdominal US. MRI was performed in three patients. Enhancement values and doubling times of solid masses were determined from CT scans. RESULTS: Seventeen of 78 (22%) patients were affected. The HPRCs demonstrated lower enhancement (mean change in enhancement = 31 HU) than a comparable group of clear cell tumors (mean change in enhancement = 67 HU: p = 0.00001). The median tumor doubling time on serial CT was 18 months. The HPRCs were relatively hypovascular, enhanced uniformly, and grew slowly. Therefore, careful measurements of the region of interest should be obtained before and after intravenous administration of contrast medium. Though US detected only 45% of the lesions visualized on CT, it was useful in determining if lesions were cystic. Contrast-enhanced MRI demonstrated similar characteristics to contrast-enhanced CT. CONCLUSION: The tumors of patients with HPRC pose some diagnostic difficulties because they can be missed by US, are small, and enhance poorly on CT. CT is preferable to US as a screening tool because of its higher sensitivity in detecting small lesions, and when contrast media cannot be administered, MR is a suitable alternative to CT.

Abdomen↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The Virtual Hospital: an IAIMS integrating continuing education into the work flow.

Researchers at the University of Iowa are developing an integrated academic information management system (IAIMS) for use on the World Wide Web. The focus is on integrating continuing medical education (CME) into the clinicians' daily work and incorporating consumer health information into patients' life styles. Phase I of the project consists of loosely integrating patients' data, printed library information, and digital library information. Phase II consists of more tightly integrating the three types of information, and Phase III consists of awarding CME credits for reviewing educational, material at the point of patient care, when it has the most potential for improving outcomes. This IAIMS serves a statewide population. Its design and evolution have been heavily influenced by user-centered evaluation.

Attitude to Computers↗