[Acute dystonia caused by fluoxetine].
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Acute Disease↗
Biomedical subjects
J Río
Publications and source records attributed to J Río.
beta-Adrenoceptor blocking activity of halogenated thienylethanolamine derivatives.
The synthesis of a number of ring-halogenated N-isopropyl- and N-tert-butyl-2-amino-1-(2-thienyl)ethanols has been carried out in order to ascertain the influence of chloro or bromo substitution at the thiophene moiety on their blocking beta-adrenoceptor activity. It was found that chloro- and bromo-substituted compounds exhibited a similar activity. Monohalo substitution at positions C4 or C5 of the thiophene ring resulted in comparable blocking potency, whereas C3 halo-substituted compounds were practically devoid of activity. The highest activity in these series was observed with compounds dihalogenated at C4 and C5, their effect on myocardial beta-receptors being comparable to that of propranolol.
Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
Different antiganglioside antibody pattern between relapsing-remitting and progressive multiple sclerosis.
INTRODUCTION: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disorder, but an unique antigen has not been found. Antiganglioside antibodies (AGA) have been reported in MS, nevertheless, a clinical significance of AGA in MS has not been established. The aims of this study were to study AGA in sera of MS patients and to investigate relationships between AGA and clinical course of MS. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 42 patients with MS who fulfilled the criteria of clinically definite disease (59% RRMS, 21% SPMS, 20% PPMS), 89 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and 36 healthy controls were studied. A modification of previously described ELISA techniques was used to estimate serum IgG and IgM anti-GM1, asialoGM1 and anti-GD1a antibodies. RESULTS: 47.6% of the patients showed AGA reactivity. Anti-GM1 was found in 38% of MS patients, anti-asialoGM1 in 23.8% and anti-GD1a in 33.3%. IgG was the isotype more commonly found. A correlation between presence of AGA and progressive disease and between anti-GD1a and PPMS was found. CONCLUSIONS: The presence of AGA in MS patients is elevated. In contrast with the results of others authors, a strong correlation between AGA and progressive disease is showed in our study.
Adult↗
[Hypertrophic pachymeningitis. A review of the histories of two cases and pathological relationship with the Tolosa-Hunt syndrome and the orbital pseudotumor].
INTRODUCTION: Hypertrophic pachymeningitis is an infrequent condition which starts with a thickening of the dura mater and whose pathogenesis is unknown. We present two new cases of unknown aetiology. CLINICAL CASE: Case 1. A 53 year old man complained of occipital headache, tinnitus and deafness since February 1981. In October 1981 he was admitted to hospital with a worse headache, perio-orbital pain, dysgeusia and ipsilateral peripheral facial palsy. In December he had generalized tonic-clonic seizures and paralysis of the VII and XI right cranial nerves and IX, X and XII left cranial nerves. In February 1982 he developed right trigeminal neuralgia. He was readmitted in November 1983 with continuous headache, vomiting and a behavior disorder. On CT there was marked attenuation of the posterior dura mater, which the neurosurgical department considered unsuitable for biopsy. He died in March 1985. On necropsy there was hypertrophic pachymeningitis. Case 2. A 62 year old patient consulted in November 1995 complaining of right hypoacusia for the past six months, progressively accompanied by ipsilateral paralysis of the II, IV, VI, VII and VIII cranial nerves but with no other alterations on physical examination. Analytical and serological investigations were normal. Cranial MR showed an extraparenchymatous infiltrating lesion in the middle cranial fossa. Biopsy was decided on when no clinical improvement was seen with corticosteroid treatment. The pathologist reported hypertrophic pachymeningitis. Treatment was started with cyclophosphamide in monthly doses and the condition has remained stable to date. CONCLUSION: With these two cases we wish to establish a pathogenic relation between the Tolosa-Hunt syndrome and orbital pseudotumor and show the role played by immunosuppressive treatment in the control of hypertrophic pachymeningitis.
Brain↗
[Primary progressive multiple sclerosis].
Mainly progressive multiple sclerosis (MPMS) is an uncommon clinical form of multiple sclerosis which includes 10 20% of all patients with the disorder. MPMS shows certain clinical characteristics which differentiate it from other forms of progression of the disease. We review the immunological and radiological behaviour of this clinical form, and discuss recent classifications of the disease and new diagnostic criteria. Finally we comment on the few therapeutic options currently available for these patients and their future prospects.
Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
[Listeria rhombencephalitis. Neuroradiological findings].
Rhombencephalitis due to listeria monocytogenes is an uncommon and serious form of brainstem infection. The disease has a characteristic biphasic course: a nonspecific prodrome of headache, nausea or vomiting, and fever lasting for a several days is followed by progressive asymmetrical cranial-nerve palsies. We report two cases of Listeria monocytogenes rhombencephalitis. The first case is a previously healthy 20 year-old-man who developed fever, headache, nausea and vomiting, followed by numbness in left trigeminal nerve. The second case is an immunosuppressed 77 year-old-man, who developed sudden left hemiparesis, followed by fever and severe brainstem dysfunction with ophthalmoplegia and dysphagia. In both cases, a brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan, showed increased intensity on T2-weighted lesions in the brainstem that enhanced after contrast on T1-weighted sequences. Both patients had a favorable outcome with full clinical recovery. We conclude that MRI aids in the early detection of parenchymal infections, therefore, MRI is crucial for early diagnosis and is very useful for follow-up examinations.
Adult↗