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J Rüschoff

Publications and source records attributed to J Rüschoff.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Assessment of histogenesis and proliferative potential in cytologic specimens of human brain tumors. Value of immunocytochemistry and nucleolar organizer regions.

The value of immunocytochemistry and nucleolar organizer regions (NORs) for the histogenetic identification and the estimation of the proliferative potential of brain tumors was assessed by the investigation of imprint smears of 51 neurosurgical tumor specimens. A panel of five monoclonal antibodies was used to cover a broad range of immunohistochemical markers. For the assessment of NORs, a silver staining technique (AgNOR) was used. NORs were enumerated and measured by means of an interactive image analysis system. The immunocytochemical results were similar for the smears and paraffin-embedded sections for 95.6% of the investigations performed and for 76.2% of the cases. Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) was positive in 9 of 17 tumors of glial origin, but was negative in 9 metastatic tumors. Vimentin was positive in 10 of 10 and fibronectin in 9 of 10 meningiomas investigated. The number of NORs increased steadily with the increasing grade of malignancy. Especially in glioblastomas, the number of NORs per cell exhibited a wide range, which might reflect the heterogeneity of these neoplasms. Metastases revealed a higher number of NORs per cell than did glioblastomas. In the cytologic differential diagnosis of these tumors, an absence of GFAP expression combined with a high NOR count is suggestive of a metastatic tumor.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[AgNOR cytometry by means of automatic image analysis--a contribution to standardization].

The silver staining of nucleolar organizer regions (AgNORs) was evaluated in a total of 697 tumours from ten different tissues. By means of qualitative light microscopy, type, duration and delay of fixation proved to be influential in determining the AgNOR result. For standardization of the AgNOR technique, staining time series in 30 tissue blocks of the ten types of tissue were evaluated using digital image analysis. The silver incubation time which rendered the most distinct diagnostic difference in the AgNOR content of benign and malignant tissue varied considerably. Accordingly, staining time has to be adjusted to the individual argyrophilia of each tissue block or tissue section, for which the use of internal staining standards such as lymphocytes or connective tissue was found to be mandatory. For routine purposes, the appropriate silver incubation time is achieved if AgNORs are visible as black dots mainly within the nucleoli of proliferating cells.

Autoanalysis↗
PubMed1990

[Single cell fluorescence photometry for quantification of antigens on alveolar macrophages].

The quantitation of cell surface antigens on alveolar macrophages (AM) using flow-cytometry is complicated by strong autofluorescence and wide variation of cell- size and autofluorescence. Therefore a microscope-fluorometric method was developed which allows simultaneous assessment of fluorescence of fluorochrome-labelled monoclonal antibodies and size in individual cells. Autofluorescence of smokers AM was found to be variable and considerably stronger than autofluorescence of nonsmokers AM. By means of a multi step determination of autofluorescence and specific fluorescence using different filter combinations of the microscope fluorometer density of membrane bound HLADR-antigens could be efficiently determined also in strongly autofluorescent smoker AM.

Antigens, Surface↗
PubMed1990

[Experimental results and initial clinical experiences with the alexandrite laser lithotripter].

Although extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy has become the standard therapy for urolithiasis, there are still indications for endoscopic stone treatment. Laser lithotripsy in association with flexible or semirigid "miniscopes" has become increasingly important for this form of therapy. So far the Nd: YAG and the pulsed dye laser have been used for laser lithotripsy in clinical applications. Since each system has its specific drawbacks, the new solid state alexandrite laser was developed to combine the advantages of the two existing systems. In order to evaluate the lithotriptic potential of the alexandrite laser, a stone model and eight human calculi were exposed to the laser in an experimental setting. Results with the stone model were comparable to those obtained with a reference Nd: YAG system. Adequate destruction was possible in all the human calculi except for one monohydrate stone. In the second part of the study, bladder and ureteric wall were exposed to the laser in ten female pigs, with different numbers of shock waves at various energy levels. While there was a relatively high incidence of early changes, late histological specimens 4-5 weeks after the exposure did not reveal any significant pathology. There was no stricture-formation in the ureter. Finally 12 patients were treated with ureteroscopical laser lithotripsy, and 8 of these were evaluatable. All were stone free without any additional lithotripsy and did not develop any secondary changes in the ureter. The alexandrite laser can therefore be expected to become a safe, reliable and cost-effective alternative for endoscopic stone treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Ultrastructural diagnosis of neuroendocrine tumors using fine needle biopsy].

Ultrasonic-guided fine-needle-biopsies of primary pancreatic tumours or liver metastasis were performed in 13 patients with neuroendocrine tumours of the gastrointestinal tract (5 carcinoids, 3 gastrinoma, 1 PPoma, 1 calcitoninoma, 1 insulinoma, and 2 non-functional tumours). Specimens obtained were examined on the light- and electronmicroscopic level. In all cases ultrastructural examination sufficiently revealed the correct diagnosis, due to the presence of cytoplasmic neuroendocrine granules within the tumour cells. Additionally performed immunocytochemical investigations at the ultrastructural level enabled the discrimination of gastrinomas, insulinomas, and PPomas. In contrast, light-microscopic examination was less sensitive for tumour classification. It is concluded that ultrastructural investigation of fine needle biopsies represents a valuable method to sufficiently discriminate neuroendocrine neoplasms.

Adenoma, Islet Cell↗
PubMed1990

[Study of large cross sections of infiltrating renal cell carcinoma (pT3) and long-term observation (more than 4 years)].

In a series of 59 consecutive renal cell carcinomas (pT3) cross sections were performed and grading was reevaluated on a cytological basis as described by Thoenes. Follow-up was at least 4 years. Only 20.3% of all tumors revealed monoform grading (92 resp. 93), while 79.9% consisted of more than one grading (G1+G2, G2+G3: 45.8%; G1+G2+G3: 33.9%). Prognosis in this series depended highly significantly (p less than 0.002) on the percentage of G3-area of the vital tumor (NED greater than 4 ys.: 11.4%; DOD less than 2 ys.: 51.6%). It is concluded that measuring different G-areas in cross section of renal cell carcinomas raise considerably prognostic value of histopathology.

Carcinoma, Renal Cell↗
PubMed1990

[Normal value of the number of lymph nodes in the epigastrium. An anatomic study for lymphadenectomy in stomach cancer].

The number of regional lymph nodes relevant for lymphadenectomy in gastric cancer was investigated in an autopsy study. In group N1-16 as described by JRSGC on the average 43 lymph nodes were found (range 25 to 64 lymph nodes). For group N1-11 (R1 and R2 resection, compartments I and II respectively) 27 lymph nodes were found on the average (range 17 to 44 lymph nodes). The results differed considerably in total number as well as within each single group and in the groups N1-16/N1-11. These results can be taken as statistical standard values.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

[Congenital malaria--a rare neonatal infection].

Tropical diseases are rare in childhood in European countries, but tourism and an increasing number of immigrants from countries with endemic malaria may lead to a higher incidence. Our report is about a 24 year old german pregnant who was infected with malaria tropica in Togo during the last trimester of pregnancy. Twenty days after delivery by Caesarean section one of the geminies showed symptoms of florid infection: irritability, fever, haemolytic anaemia, hepato-splenomegaly, and thrombocytopenia. Both placenta and peripheral blood smear revealed plasmodium falciparum in the erythrocytes.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Investigations of chorionic villi after chorionic villus sampling (CVS). Correlation of morphological with clinical and laboratory data.

This report documents the first 262 cases of chorionic villus sampling (CVS) performed in parallel with cytogenetic and morphological investigations. Histomorphological examination of these CVS specimens gave suitable results in about 96% (251 cases). Of the latter, 201 samples (80.1%) exhibited villi and 176 (70.1%), maternal tissue. Viability and maturation of the chorionic villi were determined light microscopically even in cases with few villus trees. Smooth avascular villi with poorly defined margins observed under an inverted microscope, less than 10 mitoses after short-term incubation, and reduced growth of cell cultures were significantly correlated with sampling at the chorion laeve by means of histomorphologic criteria. Villi from cases exhibiting cytogenetically proved chromosomal abnormalities were characterized by molar degeneration or stromal fibrosis, or both, in 4 out of 9 cases, including 3 mosaics. In early abortions (within 3 weeks after CVS), an unexpectedly high rate of pathohistological changes within maternal tissue was evident. These results need further confirmation by investigation of a greater number of samples with immunohistochemical and morphometric methods.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Ultrasonography in the diagnosis of acute appendicitis: a prospective study.

The diagnostic accuracy and practical impact of high-resolution sonography were prospectively studied in 523 consecutive patients admitted to the hospital with suspected appendicitis. The criteria for ultrasound diagnosis of acute appendicitis included visualization of a noncompressible aperistaltic appendix, with a targetlike appearance in transverse view and a diameter greater than or equal to 7 mm. In 115 of 130 patients with proven appendicitis the inflamed appendix or appendiceal abscess could be visualized, giving a sensitivity of 88.5%. The mean diameter of ultrasonically visible appendices was 11.4 +/- 3.2 mm. The overall accuracy and specificity of sonography in the diagnosis of acute appendicitis were 95.7% and 98%, respectively. The predictive value of a positive test was 94.5% and that of a negative result 96.3%. In a separate analysis of the results in 121 women of childbearing age, who have a high risk of preoperative misdiagnosis, the overall accuracy was found to be 96.7%, with 82.6% sensitivity and 100% specificity. Twenty-four (89%) of the 27 patients with appendiceal rupture (incidence 20.8%) were correctly diagnosed with ultrasound. The other 3 cases (11%) were missed. Routine use of ultrasonography has significantly improved the diagnostic accuracy in patients with suspected appendicitis and has reduced the negative laparotomy rate from 22.9% to 13.2%.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Nucleolar organizer regions (NORs). Basic concepts and practical application in tumor pathology.

The purpose of this investigation is to give an introduction to a novel method in tumor pathology, namely the Ag-NOR technique. The basis of this method is the argyrophilic staining of intranucleolar, non-histone proteins which are specifically associated with transcriptionally active sites of ribosomal DNA. They can therefore be considered as a marker for the protein synthesis and thus the proliferation rate of a given cell. The morphologic basis of the argyrophilic reaction is presented by metaphasic and interphasic tissue culture cells. The applicability of Ag-NOR technique to tumor pathology is exemplified by main results of three studies dealing with tissue sections of 65 meningiomas, whole organ sections of 50 renal carcinomas, and cytospin preparations of 30 urinary washout specimens. These studies document the considerable value of the Ag-NOR content for both, malignancy diagnosis and tumor grading. With the help of image analysis it can be shown that besides the mean number of Ag-NORs the mean area per Ag-NOR dot is of diagnostic significance. In conclusion the Ag-NOR technique is a simple inexpensive and accurate method which can be applied both to formalin fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue and cytologic specimens. As a marker of malignancy it is an invaluable new tool for the diagnostic pathologist.

Cell Line↗
PubMed1989

[Retroperitoneal xanthofibrogranulomatosis].

Retroperitoneal xanthofibrogranulomatosis has so far been reported less than 50 times in the world literature. It has not been classified with retroperitoneal fibrosis or neoplasia. The clinical, radiological and histological features, and the problems of diagnosis, are discussed with reference to another case. The classification of the condition is considered in relation to the available literature. Diagnosis and possible treatment are also discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Monolobar (unilateral), secondary biliary liver cirrhosis in Klatskin tumor].

A 79-yr-old male was diagnosed as having an extrahepatic jaundice caused by an adenocarcinoma invading the hepatic duct at its bifurcation (Klatskin tumor). The presented case illustrates an unusual clinical and pathological feature, since in the patient's liver the progression from grossly normal liver parenchyma (right lobe) to a pathological picture of secondary biliary cirrhosis (left lobe) was found.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1988

[Ultrasonics in acute appendicitis. A prospective study].

In a prospective study 404 unselected patients suspected of having acute appendicitis were examined by ultrasound, the results being compared with the initial clinical findings. Acute appendicitis was established in 27.2%, confirmed by histology. The overall accuracy of ultrasonography in relation to the diagnosis of appendicitis was 95.5%, 95.1% when positive, 95.7% when negative. An acutely inflamed appendix could not be demonstrated by ultrasound in 13 patients (sensitivity 88.2%), while in five there was a false-positive ultrasound result (specificity 98.3%). Complicated appendicitis with perforation occurred in 22 patients (20%): ultrasound sensitivity in this situation was 91%. Especially when the clinical picture was unclear (34.5% of all cases of appendicitis) a definitive diagnosis of acute appendicitis was made both earlier and more certainly by ultrasonography. Further-more, in many instances ultrasound was able to demonstrate other serious disease in the differential diagnosis from acute appendicitis. Negative laparotomy rate was lowered from 21.9% to 11.4% by taking into account ultrasonographic findings. Thus ultrasonography proved to be an important method as an imaging technique and in the differential diagnosis of acute appendicitis.

Acute Disease↗