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Biomedical subjects

J Raboch

Publications and source records attributed to J Raboch.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2007

Social disability in different mental disorders.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the social disability of people with different psychiatric disorders. METHODS: Cross-site survey in five psychiatric hospitals (Dresden, Wrocław, London, Michalovce and Prague). Working-aged patients diagnosed (ICD-10) with schizophrenia and related disorders (F2), affective disorders (F3), anxiety disorders (F4), eating disorders (F5) and personality disorders (F6), were assessed at admission (n=969) and 3 months after discharge (n=753) using the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale and the Groningen Social Disability Schedule. The main outcome measure was Interviewer-rated social disability. RESULTS: During acute episodes patients with personality, eating and schizophrenic disorders functioned less effectively than those with affective or anxiety disorders. After controlling for age and severity of psychopathology, there was no significant effect of the diagnosis (during remission), sex, education and history of disorder on disability. Site, employment and partnership were significant factors for the level of social disability in both measure points. CONCLUSION: Severity of psychopathological symptoms, not the diagnosis of a mental disorder, was the most significant factor in determining the level of social functioning, particularly during the remission period. Site, employment and partnership appeared as significant factors influencing the level of social disability.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Limbic irritability and chaotic neural response during conflicting stroop task in the patients with unipolar depression.

According to recent findings activation of anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) is related to detecting cognitive conflict. This conflict related activation elicits autonomic responses which can be assessed by psychophysiological measures such as heart rate variability calculated as beat to beat R-R intervals (RRI). Recent findings in neuroscience also suggest that cognitive conflict is related to specific nonlinear chaotic changes of the signal generated by neural systems. The present study used Stroop word-color test as an experimental approach to psychophysiological study of cognitive conflict in connection with RRI measurement, psychometric measurement of limbic irritability (LSCL-33), depression (BDI-II) and calculation of largest Lyapunov exponents in nonlinear data analysis of RRI time series. Significant correlation 0.61 between largest Lyapunov exponents and LSCL-33 found in this study indicate that a defect of neural inhibition during conflicting Stroop task is closely related to limbic irritability. Because limbic irritability is probably closely related to epileptiform abnormalities in the temporolimbic structures, this result might represent useful instrument for indication of anticonvulsant treatment in depressive patients who are resistant to antidepressant medication.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

[Brain diseases and modern-day society].

Brain diseases represent one of the largest strains in the developed societies of the modem world. The major lost is in the indirect expenses caused by psychical disorders. Psychiatric diseases start frequently in childhood, affect from the life lasting view one half of the population and frequently result in disablement. Administrative of the World Health Organization and of European Union consider these problems highly important and require emancipation of psychically disabled, including the financial support for the care. Only 4% of the National Budget is directed to that sector in Czech Republic, which is the second lowest share (after Slovakia).

Czech Republic↗
PubMed2005

Mental health care in Prague.

AIM: To describe principles and characteristics of mental health care in Prague. METHOD: Based on existing data, service provision, number of professionals working in services, funding arrangements, pathways into care, user/carer involvement and specific issues are reported. RESULTS: Mental health care in Prague has a special position in the Czech Republic. Prague has the longest tradition of psychiatric treatment including the German Psychiatric Department of the Charles University. The density of services is higher, there are more extrainstitutional facilities and acute beds are located in general hospitals. DISCUSSION: Whilst various issues of mental health care in Prague overlap with those in other European capitals, there also are some specific problems and features. After substantial political changes in early 90s, the prevailing institutional model of psychiatric care has started to be changed according to the Concept of Psychiatric Care prepared by the Czech Psychiatric Association and approved by the Ministry of Health. However, stigma connected with mental disturbances is still present and there are not enough financial resources and will to put these plans rapidly into the practice.

Catchment Area, Health↗
PubMed2005

[Recommendations for the treatment of tobacco dependence].

This first Czech version of guidelines formulated by the working group of mentioned medical associations is based on current literature and international guidelines. They are aimed mainly on clinical medicine and on incorporation of this treatment into the health care system according to WHO recommendations. They should serve to the treatment of tobacco dependence at any level: during any contact with the smoking patient (short intervention), in specialised centres or for the health care providers or health system itself.

Humans↗
PubMed2001

[Coital behavior in men with varicocele].

BACKGROUND: According to the concept of Partial Androgen Deficiency of the Aging Male (PADAM), testosterone supplementation becomes recommended in prevention and therapy of different disturbances especially in aging males. METHODS AND RESULTS: In the group of 58 married patients with varicocele and in 85 married normozoospermic men the plasma testosterone levels were estimated and the coital activity was determined by an interview. Plasma values of male sex hormone of patients with varicocele were significantly lower (p < 0.01) than those of controls. The coital activity of both groups was not significantly different. CONCLUSIONS: The hypothesis is presented expressing that Nature ensuring the existence of the human species produces in an over-supply not only of spermatozoids, but also of the male sexual hormones.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

[Psychosexual development and sex life of women with congenital adrenogenital syndrome].

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to examine the psychosexual development and sexual life of 13 adult women with congenital adrenogenital syndrome. DESIGN: A clinical study. SETTING: Psychiatric clinic, Gynecological clinic and Sexological institute, Medical Faculty of the Charles University in Prague. METHODS: The examination was carried out using a structured interview and three tests: MF (Masculinity and feminity), SFW (Sexual function of women) and SAI (Inventory of sexual arousibility). RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: It was ascertained that only about one third of the patients were coitally active and that the first intercourse was delayed. The results of the questionnaire SFW were in 66% subnormal and an adequate sexual arousability was found only in 40% of examined persons (the test SAI).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

[New views on social phobias].

Social phobia is a very frequent mental disorder affecting in some stage of life up to 13% of the population, and it may be associated with serious health complications (frequent comorbidity with affective and other anxiety disorders, with addictions, more frequent suicidal behaviour) and socioeconomic consequences (increased health care consumption, trend of lower education, poorer adaptation to work, higher demands on social support). The concept of this disorder was in modern classification systems (DSM and ICD) adopted only recently at the beginning of the eighties. The author describes basic approaches to the classification of social phobia, its diagnosis, course and treatment. Cognitive behavioural therapy and some modern antidepressants, in particular of the RIMA type, are effective in these patients. Social phobia, a formerly neglected disorder, has become a fully accepted constituent of the spectrum of anxiety disorders.

Humans↗
PubMed1998

[Dyspareunia and algopareunia].

On the basis of sexuological examination of 152 married women with pelvic inflammatory disease it is proposed to use the term of dyspareunia in patients who have pains during coitus and who are dissatisfied with the course of sexual intercourse. For probands who had unpleasant or even painful feelings during coitus but were in 93% of cases satisfied with sexual life, it would be suitable to use the term of algopareunia.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1998

[Treatment of gynecologic inflammations in Frantiskových Lázních Health Spa].

In 36 patients treated on account of chronic inflammations of the genitals a check-up examination was made 5 to 6 months after termination of spa treatment. Attention was paid to the gynaecological palpation finding, the mental state of the patients and their sex life. It was found that the palpation finding improved markedly or became normal (p < 0.0001). The values of Zung's self-assessment anxiety scale SAS were significantly more favourable (p < 0.001). Almost 40% of the examined women (14 probands) reported improvement of sex life. Treatment of chronic gynaecological inflammations in Frantiskovy Láznĕ is thus effective and helps affected women.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[Sexual satisfaction and sociological factors].

Using the interview method, three sexologists examined over a period of 36 years the sexual development and life of 2425 gynecological patients who were sent to Frant. Láznĕ (Franzensbad) for post-treatment of conditions following gynecological inflammations or surgery. They had all been married at least one year and when interviewed were 20-40 years old. After their division into individual decades of birth between 1911 and 1970 it was ascertained that the percentage of coitally orgastic women continuously increased from 31% to 80%. This was accompanied by a distinct increase of coital activity. On the basis of results of new sociological studies the authors try to explain the increase of sexual satisfaction mainly through changes in the course of sexual life of women. These were caused through changes of social milieu not only after the second world war but also in the course of the whole twentieth century. The authors are of the opinion that the sexual satisfaction in women will remain due to biological differences always somewhat lower than in men.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[Selected psychosocial factors and the sexual development of girls].

In a group of 771 Czech girls aged 16 to 18 years who were examined by means of an interview, the influence of three psychosocial factors on their sexual development was studied. Through statistical analysis of data it was found that probands living in towns had their first sexual intercourse significantly earlier (p < 0.004) than village girls and further they had more experience with cunnilingus and fellatio. Their level of education and that of both parents was significantly higher than in probands living in villages. However, in the second study we ascertained that sexual development of students in comparison with girl-apprentices was highly significantly retarded (p < 0.004). In the third study a comparison of psychosexual development of 535 girls who lived in complete and stable families, and of 166 probands from divorced marriages was carried out. Sexual development in the later group was accelerated (p < 0.02). The emotional atmosphere in disrupting families and the incompleteness after divorce influenced negatively the development of girls during their adolescence in different directions.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

[Sexual behavior in married women with chronic gynecologic inflammation].

Using an interview based on a uniform examination pattern comprising 70 items, the authors examined the sex life of 152 women aged 21-40 years, married for at least one year, treated at the time for chronic gynaecological inflammations in Frantiskovy Láznĕ. It was revealed that 55 probands (36.2%) did not report any marked changes in the course of sex life. 58 patients (38.2%) had unpleasant or painful sensations during coitus to which they responded in a rational way: by change or adjustment of the position, care taken by the partner, sometimes by discontinuation of coitus. The third sub-group was formed by 39 probands (25.6%) who were not satisfied with their sex life.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1997

[Algopareunia].

During treatment of chronic pelvic inflammatory diseases the authors examined by interviews conducted by two sexuologists in Frantiskovy Láznĕ 152 women married for at least one year, aged 21 to 40 years. After analysis of the results of sexuological examinations the authors recommend to use the term algopareunia for patients who have painful sensations during coitus but react rationally and are satisfied with their sex life. The term dyspareunia covers women who with regard to pain during intercourse report that they are dissatisfied with their sex life.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[Incidence of sexual abuse].

BACKGROUND: Much attention is paid lately at all levels to sexual child abuse. Its incidence in the population is, however, not known. The objective of the present investigation was to assess the incidence of sexual abuse in a defined group of young people. METHODS AND RESULTS: The authors examined, using an anonymously completed semistructured questionnaire, 311 5th year medical students from Charles University, mean age cca 23 years. They found that 66% of the women and 20% of the men some time during their life were subjected to involuntary sexual interaction. Only one third of the delicts, however, had occurred before the age of 12, the majority after the age of 15 years. The offender was most frequently an unknown man who exhibited before the victim or fingered her. Brutal of serious interactions (rape or attempted rape) were recorded only in 6%. The authors did not record a single case of incest. The majority of examined subjects experienced this event as unpleasant, however, usually did not tell it to anybody. Police organs were informed only in four cases. CONCLUSIONS: The presented negative experience can contribute to the development of some psychiatric disorders and psychosomatic diseases, although in the examined group a higher rate of psychic and sexual complaints was not recorded in probands with a negative sexual experience.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[Sexual development of Czech girls before and after November 1989].

BACKGROUND: It was revealed that sexual development and behaviour of adolescents, in particular girls, reflect rapidly and immediately changes in the social environment. The objective of the present investigation was to assess whether changes of the psychosexual development of girls occurred, i.e. girls examined in 1986 to 1989 and those examined after "velvet revolution" between 1990 to 1994. METHODS AND RESULTS: Using a interview based on a uniform examination pattern comprising 78 items, two sexologists examined in 1986 to 1994 the sexual development and behaviour of 771 Czech girls aged 16-18 years. This number comprised 317 apprentices and 454 secondary school students. The sexological examination was made in Frantiskovy Láznĕ where the probands were sent for preventive treatment, mostly after appendectomies. Comparison of the two sub-groups revealed that the apprentices and students reported changes as regards the motivation of the first sexual intercourse. After November 1989 there was a decline in the group "complied" and a marked increase of the number in the category "desired herself". It was surprising that the psychosexual development of girls after the "velvet revolution" was rather retarded than hastened. The most marked change was recorded in the category "intercourse with several partners" -a drop by 12% (p < 0.03). CONCLUSIONS: The findings that despite a markedly increased motivation for the first intercourse in the examined girls no changes were recorded in the girls in some items which characterize the development of sex life, is surprising.

Adolescent↗