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Biomedical subjects

J Reichel

Publications and source records attributed to J Reichel.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Bose-Einstein condensation on a microelectronic chip.

Although Bose-Einstein condensates of ultracold atoms have been experimentally realizable for several years, their formation and manipulation still impose considerable technical challenges. An all-optical technique that enables faster production of Bose-Einstein condensates was recently reported. Here we demonstrate that the formation of a condensate can be greatly simplified using a microscopic magnetic trap on a chip. We achieve Bose-Einstein condensation inside the single vapour cell of a magneto-optical trap in as little as 700 ms-more than a factor of ten faster than typical experiments, and a factor of three faster than the all-optical technique. A coherent matter wave is emitted normal to the chip surface when the trapped atoms are released into free fall; alternatively, we couple the condensate into an 'atomic conveyor belt', which is used to transport the condensed cloud non-destructively over a macroscopic distance parallel to the chip surface. The possibility of manipulating laser-like coherent matter waves with such an integrated atom-optical system holds promise for applications in interferometry, holography, microscopy, atom lithography and quantum information processing.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2001

Magnetic conveyor belt for transporting and merging trapped atom clouds.

We demonstrate an integrated magnetic device which transports cold atoms near a surface with very high positioning accuracy. Time-dependent currents in a lithographic conductor pattern create a moving chain of potential wells; atoms are transported in these wells while remaining confined in all three dimensions. We achieve mean fluxes up to 10(6) s(-1) with a negligible heating rate. An extension of this device allows merging of atom clouds by unification of two Ioffe-Pritchard potentials. The unification, which we demonstrate experimentally, can be performed without loss of phase space density. This novel, all-magnetic atom manipulation offers exciting perspectives, such as trapped-atom interferometry.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1998

An unusual presentation of metastatic colon cancer to the lung.

A 75-year-old man with a history of resected colon carcinoma presented to his primary care physician because of a new onset of coughing. The patient had expectorated a small piece of solid tissue; pathologic examination of the tissue found it to be consistent with metastatic colon adenocarcinoma. After further work-up, a right upper lobectomy was performed. The surgical specimen removed during the lobectomy showed a tumor that was histologically identical to the patient's prior colonic primary tumor.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1995

Cost efficient management of educational material.

We retrospectively examined direct and indirect costs of providing a programmed text in Respiratory Pathophysiology using World-Wide Web (WWW) technology as compared to printed paper. The direct costs were $3678 and $3988 respectively. Neither of these costs includes the substantial cost of original development of the educational material. The indirect cost of distributing printed material is $1800. The indirect cost for electronic material is $1430 but this assumes an institutional commitment to a technology infrastructure which will be used for purposes other than just educational material distribution. Given such a commitment, educational material can be managed in a way that provides efficient distribution at less cost than traditional paper distribution. The effectiveness of electronic methods is dependent on usage. A comparison study of use and satisfaction of paper and electronic versions of the material is planned.

Computer Communication Networks↗
PubMed1989

[Detection and determination of acetone using semiconductor sensors].

Investigations to examine not only the factors of influence on evaluation of acetone by self-prepared semiconductor gas sensors, but also to prove analytical properties, were carried out using different tools. A sensor temperature of 600 degrees C and a carrier gas flow-rate of 5 l/h were found to be suitable conditions for the measurement of flow-injection apparatus. The determination of 1 microliter-samples of aqueous solutions containing 1-700 g of acetone/l yielded deviations of 4 to 33%. Using a head space method, the working temperature of 370 degrees C led to a maximum sensor response, the detection limit ranged from 37.5 to 50 mg of acetone/l. After quantifying 5 microliters-sample solutions of 40-600 mg/l, results with an accuracy of 1 to 36% were obtained. The method showed the possibility of distinguishing concentrations of acetone below and above 40 mg/l according to physiological and pathological urinary values. The tests carried out on 100 human urine samples provide a good agreement with the Legal reference method for samples containing physiological or strong pathological amounts of ketone bodies, but not for those including traces and small amounts. False-positive results might be caused by a possible presence of ethanol in urine.

Acetone↗
PubMed1988

Respiratory muscle dysfunction in hereditary motor sensory neuropathy, type I.

Pulmonary function tests were performed on ten patients who were shown to have hereditary motor sensory neuropathy, type I. Mean values for spirometry, static lung volumes, and diffusion capacity were all greater than 80% of the predicted normal values for the group. In contrast, both inspiratory and expiratory muscle testing showed substantial reductions in function for the group. These abnormalities have not previously been reported, and they may be important in the management of these patients and in patients with other neuromuscular diseases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Pulmonary embolism: diagnosis and treatment.

Pulmonary embolism is a condition with a potentially high mortality that often goes unrecognized. Prompt diagnosis and treatment effectively reduce the mortality rate. Clinical judgment alone is insufficient for diagnosis; objective testing is needed. Once the diagnosis is made, effective treatment should be instituted. Treatments differ, based on several factors including disease severity, contraindications to treatment and pre-existing diseases. The major thrust of training should be to teach medical care workers how to prevent deep vein thrombosis and its most serious complication, pulmonary embolism.

Anticoagulants↗
PubMed1985

[Surgical complications in the area of the bile ducts from the forensic viewpoint].

In a period of 10 years there were 21 cases of iatrogenic lesions of the extrahepatic bile ducts following cholecystectomy (n = 19). In 2 cases of partial gastrectomy an expert's opinion was taken. 8 patients out of 21 came to death. The striking fact is that in 7 cases the removal of the gallbladder had been performed in retrograde direction.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[The value of postoperative dimer-X myelography].

After preceding lumbar intervertebral disk operations, 88 Dimer-X myelographies were carried out. The examinations were performed with the patients in a lying position; if required, function pictures were taken in a sitting or standing position. Only in three cases the X-ray findings were unconspicuous. The findings included 12 prolapses at other levels, 6 prolapses, 5 massive scars, one pronounced osteophytosis, two cases of serious reticulitis, two meningoceles and one neurinoma outside the field of operation. The dorsal or lateral narrowing of the contrast band typical of prolapses found in the first dimer-X myelogram were only produced by scars in the renewed operation. The authors warn against pantopaque myelography for lumbar intervertebral disk diagnosis because of proven arachnoidal adhesions. The necessity of surgical procedures avoiding as far as possible tissue damage leaving scars and adhesions is stressed.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Pulmonary embolism.

It is reasonable to conclude by considering an approach to the diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary embolism. When the diagnosis is suspect, and in the absence of contraindications, or hemodynamic instability, treatment with heparin may be begun and an arterial blood gas and perfusion lung scan obtained. If the Pao2 and perfusion scan are normal, it is unlikely that significant pulmonary embolism has occurred. The presence of a perfusion scan defect and hypoxemia should suggest that a ventilation scan and/or evaluation for deep vein thrombosis is performed. A ventilation scan which shows absence of ventilation in areas where there is a perfusion defect, or failure to demonstrate deep vein disease, strongly mitigate against the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism. If the diagnosis is in doubt, pulmonary angiography should be performed. If the patient presents in shock, an angiogram should be performed, while heparin is administered and supportive measures are begun. If anticoagulants are contraindicated, or if re-embolization occurs after adequate anticoagulant therapy, consideration should be given to placement of a transcaval umbrella filter.

Heparin↗