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Biomedical subjects

J Reymond

Publications and source records attributed to J Reymond.

17 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

The size of selected human skull foramina in relation to skull capacity.

An anatomical study was undertaken in order to investigate whether the sizes of selected human skull foramina with significant venous compartments correlated significantly with skull capacity. A total of 100 macerated human skulls were examined to determine the diameter of the foramina and the skull capacity. Measurements of the surface area of the foramina were made using a computerised digital analysis system. Only the size of the hypoglossal canal and jugular foramen were found to correlate significantly with the capacity of the skull. This correlation, together with the considerable size of the hypoglossal canal, indicated its important role in the venous drainage of the brain. There was considerable centralisation of venous outflow from the brain, with 60% of the area of all venous foramina of the skull occupied by jugular foramina. Asymmetry between the right and left jugular foramina was identified, with an average ratio of 1.6 (ranging between 1 and 3.47). In the case of right-sided domination the correlation between the skull capacity and the size of both jugular foramina was negative (the larger the skull cavity, the less the asymmetry), while in the case of left-sided domination the correlation was positive. Perhaps the left-sided domination is less advantageous for the haemodynamics of blood outflow, as the left brachiocephalic vein is longer and is often compressed by the sternum and aortic arch.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Mastoid emissary in man. An anatomical-clinical study.

The purpose of the study was establishing differences in the situation of the external orifice of the emissary, its size and angle at which it leaves the skull. It is necessary for optimizaing of position for the internal coil of the speech processor of cochlear implant. As yet, the variability of external foramen of this emissary have not been sufficiently studied, especially in the clinical aspect with respect to the use of cochlear implants. The authors examined 200 skulls of adults of both sexes. The statistically significant differences were observed between sexes and between sides of the body, and they showed a definite regularity. The variability of the site of the emissary is presented in a form useful for clinical purposes.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Craniopantograph--an instrument for determination of orbit shape].

The authors describe the structure of principles of function of a measuring-recording instruments, so called craniopantograph. The instrument of own design serves for examination of the spatial variability of the orbit. The obtained measurements of the internal shape of the orbit can be processed later by microcomputer technique. For construction of craniopantograph the principles of function of two typical instruments--craniometer and pantograph were used.

Cephalometry↗
PubMed1988

[Cranioscopy and injuries of orbital cavities].

Craniometric methods for measurement of orbital cavity as a three-dimensional form have been discussed. The authors notice their deficiency and lack of possibility of their practical utilization. It has been stated that works at a new measurement technique whose results would apply in the teaching hospital should be undertaken in the presence of repeatedly existed injuries of the middle and upper storey of facial skeleton.

Cephalometry↗
PubMed1984

Rural psychiatric services in western Australia.

The literature pertinent to the delivery of psychiatric services to rural areas is briefly surveyed. Existing rural psychiatric services in Western Australia, the largest State in Australia and a vast sparsely populated area, are described. These services are currently only of a rudimentary nature. Lack of appropriate professional staff is the major factor inhibiting further development of the services. Possible alternative models for the future are described. Flexibility and diversity of services to meet local conditions and staff availability are advocated.

Australia↗
PubMed1984

The relationship between distance from inpatient facilities and the rate of psychiatric admissions in Western Australia.

Western Australia is the largest and most sparsely populated state in Australia with all its specialised psychiatric inpatient facilities in Perth, the capital city. This study tested a number of hypotheses concerning the effect of distance from Perth, firstly, on total hospitalisation rates for psychiatric illness of the rural population and secondly, on the proportion who were hospitalized in Perth. High rates of alcoholism in males and of neuroses in females, together with local conditions in various rural centres, rather than distance from Perth, were major determining factors affecting both total hospitalisation and th proportion sent to Perth. The major exception was that the proportion of male alcoholics admitted to Perth hospitals decreased the further the patient lived from Perth. These findings were contrary to those reported in the literature. However the distances from Perth were much greater than those usually reported elsewhere. It was concluded that beyond a certain distance from psychiatric facilities, distance per se was not a major factor governing admissions to these facilities.

Alcoholism↗
PubMed1984

Who treats in-patients with a primary psychiatric diagnosis?

Data are presented concerning all patients with a primary psychiatric diagnosis who were admitted to various hospitals in Western Australia during 1976-1978. Data were analysed, first, to ascertain the relative proportion of these patients who were admitted under psychiatrists and non-psychiatrists respectively; second, to compare the diagnoses of patients admitted under psychiatrists with those admitted under non-psychiatrists, and, third, to ascertain if there were any differences in terms of the first two measures between city and country patients. A high proportion of patients were admitted under non-psychiatrists. The majority of patients with a diagnosis of alcoholism, and a high proportion of patients with a diagnosis of neurosis, were admitted under non-psychiatrists. The majority of patients with a diagnosis of functional psychosis were admitted, under psychiatrists, to Mental Health Services hospitals and to psychiatric units at general teaching hospitals. Psychiatrists in private practice admitted mainly patients with a diagnosis of neurosis and personality disorder. The results are discussed in terms of the population distribution, the availability of psychiatric services and other factors which might influence the type of hospital to which patients are admitted and the type of doctor care they receive.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Statistical study of individual variations in sunburn sensitivity in 303 volunteers without photodermatosis.

Variations in individual sunburn sensitivity have been studied using erythema as the photobiologic criterion. The minimal erythema dose (MED), the minimal dose necessary to elicit an intense erythema (MED++), and an edema (MOD), were determined by Saidman's method. The irradiation was performed with a 2,500-W xenon arc solar simulator fitted with a water filter and WG 305 Schott filter. The high correlation between MED, MED++, and MOD and the existence of saturation phenomenon confirm that determination of MED is the best photobiologic criterion. The average MED and the pathologic threshold for total light spectrum irradiation are, respectively, 889 mJ/cm2 and 347 mJ/cm2. A statistically significant variation in MED as a function of age, sex, complexion, eye color, hair color, and Fitzpatrick skin type has been established. Finally, complexion has been shown to be the best clinical criterion for the characterization of sunburn sensitivity and a new classification of the epidermis for UV therapy and artificial photoprotection is proposed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Relationship between country of birth and psychiatric admissions in Western Australia.

The rates of admissions in 1976-78 to all hospitals in Western Australia, both psychiatric and non-psychiatric, of patients with a primary psychiatric diagnosis were analysed specifically for country of birth and whether they lived in Perth or in country areas. Eastern European migrants had the highest hospitalization rates, and Southern European migrants the lowest. Rates for schizophrenia were high in the Eastern Europeans, and for alcoholism low in Southern European and Asian females and high in Northern European males. The United Kingdom migrants were most like the Australian born in regards to admission rates, diagnostic composition, and in the distribution of hospitalization patterns between psychiatrists and non-psychiatrists. Women, especially Southern European, in the country areas are at special risk to be admitted for neurosis/personality disorder.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Comparison of psychiatric admissions between city and country residents in Western Australia.

Data are presented of all patients with a primary psychiatric diagnosis who were admitted to all psychiatric and non-psychiatric hospitals, in Western Australia during 1976-78. Patients resident in the country were compared with those resident in Perth, the capital city of Western Australia. A high proportion of both Perth and country residents were admitted under non-psychiatrists. Age standardised admission rates were highest for female country residents, the excess rate being mainly due to their very high rates of neurosis/personality disorder. The higher male admission rates for Perth compared with country residents were mainly due to higher Perth rates for alcoholism. The implications of these findings are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

[Mortality and survival in a geriatric hospital: methods of measuring and results].

The hospital case fatality rate (deaths divided by discharges) has no meaning for geriatric hospitals in so far as they serve the double function of a general hospital for the aged and a home for those with a very bad prognosis. In fact, for the second group, mortality depends on the time that has elapsed since administration. The question arises of what type of measurement should therefore be proposed for such establishments. The use of the classical demographic rate and case fatality rate according to length of stay is discussed. The two measures are in this case considered to be inadequate since the second gives a false impression of mortality. The only tool which serves to convey a meaningful idea of mortality in this specific situation is a table of discharges expressed in the form of a life table. It is very easy to calculate. The discussion uses data drawn from the Geneva Geriatric Hospital.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Comparative analysis of the incidence and the results of the treatment of lip cancer during the periods of 1967-1976 and 1977-1986].

In relation to the period 1967-1976 in the last decade a lower number of patients with labial carcinoma was observed. The tumour developed with equal frequency in males and females, and the age of the patients was more advanced. A greater proportion of cases classified as T1T2N0M0 may be an evidence of earlier diagnosis of the tumour in most cases. Surgical treatment is the method of choice in such cases. Histological verification in cases with suspected metastases to the regional lymph nodes indicated a low incidence of these metastases.

Adult↗