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Biomedical subjects

J Rimmer

Publications and source records attributed to J Rimmer.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Cell renewal in non-specific duodenitis, ulcer-related duodenitis and duodenal ulcer. Experiments in Mastomys (Praomys natalensis).

Cell renewal in the duodenal mucosa of Mastomys was studied by autoradiography 1 and 24 h after intraperitoneal injection of tritiated thymidine. Non-specific duodenitis and duodenal ulceration were produced with a continuous infusion of histamine. Mucosal renewal in the duodenum of 30 control Mastomys was compared with 30 which received histamine dihydrochloride for 5 days. No abnormality developed in the controls, but 11 of the experimental group developed non-specific duodenitis and 12 duodenal ulcers. The size of the proliferative zone was increased in the Mastomys sacrificed 1 h after injection of tritiated thymidine which received histamine, compared with controls (p = 0.004). The number of labelled nuclei (p = 0.0003) and the size of the columns of labelled nuclei (p = 0.001) were increased in the Mastomys receiving histamine and sacrificed 24 h after injection of tritiated thymidine, compared with controls. The number of labelled nuclei (p = 0.004) and the size of the columns of labelled nuclei (p = 0.01) were increased in the Mastomys with ulcers compared with the other Mastomys which had received histamine. Cimetidine prevented duodenitis and ulceration, normalising the pattern of cell renewal. There was correlation between the severity of non-specific and ulcer-related duodenitis as judged by Lance's system and the number of labelled nuclei (Spearman rank correlation coefficient 0.771, p less than 0.002). Cell renewal increased as duodenitis became more severe and duodenal ulcers were found in duodenal mucosa where cell renewal was fastest.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Noninvasive cardiac risk stratification of diabetic and nondiabetic uremic renal allograft candidates using dipyridamole-thallium-201 imaging and radionuclide ventriculography.

The ability of noninvasive risk stratification using dipyridamole-thallium-201 (Tl-201) imaging and radionuclide ventriculography to predict perioperative and long-term cardiac events (myocardial infarction or cardiac death) was evaluated in 36 uremic diabetic and 29 nondiabetic candidates for renal allograft surgery. Of the 35 patients who underwent renal allograft surgery 8 +/- 7 months after the study, none had transient Tl-201 defects (although 13 had depressed left ventricular ejection fraction) and none developed perioperative cardiac events. During a mean follow-up of 23 +/- 11 months, 6 (9%) patients developed cardiac events. Logistic regression analysis was used to compare the predictive value of clinical data (including age, sex, diabetes, chest pain history, allograft recipient) and radionuclide data. Presence of transient Tl-201 defect and left ventricular ejection fraction were the only significant predictors of future cardiac events (p less than 0.01). No other patient variables, including diabetes or receiving a renal allograft, had either univariate or multivariate predictive value. All 3 patients with transient Tl-201 defects had cardiac events compared with only 3 of 62 (5%) patients without transient Tl-201 defect (p less than 0.0001). Mean left ventricular ejection fraction was lower in patients with cardiac events (44 +/- 13%) compared with patients without cardiac events (57 +/- 9%, p less than 0.005). Overall, 5 of 6 patients with cardiac events had either transient Tl-201 defects or depressed left ventricular ejection fraction. Dipyridamole-Tl-201 imaging and radionuclide ventriculography may be helpful in identifying uremic candidates for renal allograft surgery who are at low risk for perioperative and long-term cardiac events.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Extension of pulmonary tuberculosis after fibreoptic bronchoscopy.

Two cases are described in which the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis was suspected on both clinical and radiological grounds. Sputum smear and culture were negative for acid fast bacilli. Consequently a bronchoscopy and bronchial washings from the affected lobe were undertaken. While this procedure achieved a positive diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis, it also resulted in a significant extension of the disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

168 double J (pigtail) ureteric catheter insertions: a retrospective review.

The medical records of 116 patients who had 168 ureteric double J (pigtail) catheters inserted over a 6-year period between 1981 and 1987 were reviewed. Eighty-five patients had pigtails inserted for benign conditions and 31 for malignant disease. The pigtail catheters were inserted cystoscopically in 88 patients, percutaneously in 7 patients and by open surgery in 21 patients. Of 168 pigtail catheters used, 147 were soft (silicone, multilength) and 21 hard (polyurethane). No mortality was attributable to the use of these catheters but certain complications were commonly encountered. Loin discomfort occurred after 32 (19%) insertions; 27 of 147 (18%) soft catheters and 5 of 21 (24%) hard catheters. Trigonal irritation, confirmed cystoscopically was reported in 26 of 147 (18%) insertions of soft catheters and in 6 of the 21 (29%) with hard catheters (chi 2, P = 0.37). Urinary tract infection (confirmed by urine microscopy and culture) occurred after 46 (31%) soft catheter insertions and after 13 of 21 (61%) hard catheter insertions (chi 2 test, P = 0.01). Stent migration occurred in five patients and obstruction in two. Pigtail catheters are safe ureteric stents which are easy to insert and their use is supported by this study. The complications of associated infection, trigonal irritation and loin discomfort are relatively common and still occur even with soft catheters. Careful monitoring of all patients with pigtail catheters in position is recommended.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Effect of hypo- and hyper-osmolarity on basophil histamine release.

The pattern of histamine release from peripheral white blood cells in response to hyper-(sodium chloride, mannitol) and hypo-osmolar (water) stimuli was studied in order to determine the differences between non-atopic control and atopic asthmatic patients in histamine release caused by osmolar changes. All subjects showed histamine release to both hyper- and hypo-osmolar stimuli and this response was reproducible. Viability studies and the effect of time and temperature indicated that, at the extremes of hypo- and hyper-osmolality, histamine release was associated with cell cytotoxicity. Asthmatics and controls showed no differences either in their level of spontaneous or hyper-osmolar sodium chloride induced histamine release, but asthmatics' cells were more responsive to mannitol over 600-800 mOsm/kg and less responsive to a hypo-osmolar stimulus under 80 mOsm/kg. This suggests that asthmatics' cells may differ from controls in th manner in which they respond to osmotic stimuli and this may be relevant in certain clinical situations.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Alcoholism in schizophrenics and their relatives.

The possible interrelation of schizophrenia and alcoholism was examined by comparing schizophrenic adoptees and their biological relatives with control adoptees and their biological relatives. Neither schizophrenics nor their relatives had higher rates of alcoholism than did controls.

Alcoholism↗
PubMed1976

Differential fertility of adopted schizophrenics and their half-siblings.

The paper presents data on the differential fertility of schizophrenics and controls, and the fertility of their siblings. This study used several methodological procedures in the study of schizophrenia reproduction, which strengthens the validity of the findings. Firstly, both male and female rates were examined. Secondly, the method of selection of a control avoided the biases introduced by using census data or other non-matched controls. Third, a diagnostic criterion was used which minimizes the possibility of the inclusion of other psychiatric illnesses. The results obtained support prior reports of the lowered reproductive rates of schizophrenics. Further, the siblings of schizophrenics were found not to have a reproductive advantage when contrasted to control siblings. The failure to find a reproductive advantage conflicts with a hypothesis of a balanced polymorphism as the mechanism maintaining an apparent constant rate of schizophrenia.

Adult↗