Biomedical subjects

J Rode

Publications and source records attributed to J Rode.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources

PubMed1983

PGP 9.5--a new marker for vertebrate neurons and neuroendocrine cells.

PGP 9.5 is a new cytoplasmic neuron-specific protein structurally and immunologically distinct from neuron-specific enolase. A specific antiserum has now shown that this protein is widely distributed in vertebrate brains and is also present in cells of the human diffuse neuroendocrine system. PGP 9.5 appears to be older than neuron-specific enolase in evolutionary terms, as an immunologically-related protein can be found in species as remote as the trout.

Animals↗

PubMed1983

Serotonin-immunoreactive cells in the lamina propria plexus of the appendix.

The lamina propria of the human appendix possesses a recently defined ganglionated neural plexus with neurosecretory-type component cells. In order to elucidate the functional role of this plexus, immunohistochemical light and electron microscopic studies were performed on 21 appendixes. By light microscopy, 18 specimens showed within the lamina propria neuron-like and neurosecretory-type cells that stained positively with lead hematoxylin and were positive for serotonin. The number of these cells varied from specimen to specimen. No correlation between the number of serotonin-immunoreactive intraepithelial enterochromaffin cells and the number of plexus cells could be established. Electron microscopic examination revealed identical pleomorphic neurosecretory granules within enterochromaffin cells and plexus cells. The site of serotonin storage in these granules was revealed by electron immunocytochemical methods. It is suggested that, under physiologic conditions, the lamina propria plexus has a modulatory role between the epithelium and the deeper mural enteric nervous system mediated by serotonin neurotransmission. Uncontrolled release of serotonin by the plexus may initiate inflammation and elicit pain related to the appendix.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1983

Fine structure of a neuroendocrine complex in the mucosa of the appendix.

The fine structure of a neuroendocrine complex within the lamina propria of the human appendix is described. This complex contains four types of neurosecretory cells, occasional neurons, Schwann cells, and numerous nerve processes, including axons with varicose swellings. Few of the axons form true synapses, but many make some junctional contact with the neurosecretory cells and with other nerve processes. From the morphology of their vesicles, most of the nerve fibers appear to belong to the peptidergic component of the enteric nervous system. The mucosal neuroendocrine complex appears to be an integral part of the mucosal nervous plexus.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1982

Neurosecretory cells of the lamina propria of the appendix and their possible relationship to carcinoids.

Carcinoid tumours of the appendix are generally thought to be derived from enterochromaffin cells; in-situ abnormalities of these cells are, however, rarely observed in the mucosal epithelium. One hundred appendices, removed consecutively at surgery, were stained with an alcian blue-PAS diastase-lead haematoxylin sequence and, in 69, cells were found in the lamina propria with a cellular and architectural morphology identical to those of an archetypal appendiceal carcinoid tumour. These cells appeared to contain neurosecretory granules, were diazo-positive and showed argentaffinity. They were further characterized by the localization of cytoplasmic neurone specific enolase and the presence of neurosecretory granules was confirmed by electron microscopy. These cells are designated subepithelial neurosecretory cells (SNC). It is suggested they are an integral component of the subepithelial nervous plexus and are in progenitors of appendiceal carcinoid tumours. A neuroectodermal origin of the SNC-and hence appendiceal carcinoid tumours-is proposed.

Appendiceal Neoplasms↗

PubMed1982

Neurone specific enolase: an aid to the diagnosis of melanoma and neuroblastoma.

Melanoma and neuroblastoma are diagnosed by their clinical and histological features, including evidence of melanogenesis and neural differentiation respectively, by tumour cells. These criteria are occasionally inadequate. Melanoma and neuroblastoma are derived from a system of cells characterized by the content, precursor uptake and decarboxylation of particular amines (APUD cells). Neurone specific enolase (NSE) has been proposed as a specific marker for neural elements and APUD cells. Immunohistochemical cytoplasmic and fibrillary localization of this enzyme was demonstrated in formalin-fixed, paraffin-processed sections of melanoma and neuroblastoma, constituting and additional aid to the identification of these tumours. The demonstration of an enzyme of the glycolytic pathway within tumour cells has implications following the effects of anti-tumour agents and these are discussed.

APUD Cells↗

PubMed1982

Somatostatin: a paracrine contribution to hypothyroidism in Hashimoto's thyroiditis.

Thyroid tissue from 18 consecutive cases of Hashimoto's thyroiditis treated surgically were stained immunohistochemically for neurone specific enolase (NSE), somatostatin, calcitonin and thyroglobulin. Cells staining for NSE and somatostatin were present in 14 cases. In four cases large numbers of cells including oxyphil cells stained for NSE. Consecutive sections showed an identical staining pattern of these cells for somatostatin. Sections stained for calcitonin showed few or no positively staining cells. There were moderate numbers of NSE and somatostatin-containing cells in five of the cases, occasional cells in five and none in four cases. Electron microscopy confirmed neurosecretory-like granules within positively staining cells. Somatostatin is known to inhibit T3 and T4 production or release from thyroid cells by a direct action. We suggest, in Hashimoto's disease, somatostatin in paracrine cells serves as a local inhibitory neuroendocrine effector and could be causally related to the hypothyroid state.

APUD Cells↗

PubMed1977

Occult thoracic and sacral meningoceles.

Two cases of occult meningoceles are reported. The first case exhibited a combination of thoracic meningocele and neurofibromatosis with additional generalised osteomalacia. The second case was an anterior sacral meningocele. Based on these reports pathogenesis, diagnosis and therapy are discussed. The importance of myelography for the diagnosis of this condition and the indications for operative treatment are pointed out.

Adult↗

PubMed1977