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Biomedical subjects

J Roig

Publications and source records attributed to J Roig.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Radiographic appearance of nosocomial legionnaires' disease after erythromycin treatment.

Radiographic features of 71 patients (48 men, 23 women) with nosocomial Legionella pneumophila pneumonia were assessed and compared with those of other nosocomial series of L pneumophila pneumonia. Sixteen patients were assessed retrospectively and 55 prospectively. Chest radiographs were assessed at the onset of the illness, 10 days later, and at 3 months. Erythromycin was given to 67 patients at the time of the diagnosis and to the remaining four at a later stage. Forty eight patients were over the age of 60. On the initial chest radiograph 53 of the 71 patients had unilateral shadowing (23 of them in the right lung); 35 had unilobar shadowing and the remaining 36 had more than one affected lobe. Pleural effusion was present in 24 cases and cavitation in 2. One patient had evidence of a pericardial effusion. At 10 days 21 patients had evidence of radiographic progression (14 ipsilateral), but 28 had improved. At 3 months 36 patients had an abnormal radiograph, 30 showing residual scarring, 15 loss of volume, six pleural shadows and two cavitation. Our series shows a lesser incidence of unilateral shadowing and pleural effusion than other nosocomial series and a lesser tendency to progression, but more patients had radiographic abnormalities at long term follow up.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Pulmonary mass and air meniscus sign in a 19-year-old man.

Sacrococcygeal teratoma is rarely diagnosed in adults. Pulmonary mass as the presenting clinical form of the malignant variety of this germ-cell tumor is exceptional. We report herein such a case with the noticeable peculiarity of showing the air meniscus sign on chest roentgenographic examination.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Comparative study of Legionella pneumophila and other nosocomial-acquired pneumonias.

We studied, in a prospective way, the characteristics of definitively diagnosed nosocomially acquired pneumonias in our hospital over 36 months. Out of 55 cases, 27 were due to Legionella pneumophila and 28 to other, non-Legionella bacteria. The cases of legionellosis concentrated in July, August, and December. The only risk factors that showed significant differences (p less than 0.05) were general anesthesia and surgery and immunosuppressive disease, which were more frequent in the non-Legionella group, as were chronic liver disease and lowering of consciousness level. The absence of severe underlying disease, chronic or not, was uncommon in both groups, but more frequent in the Legionella group. We observed no differences in the clinical features of the two groups. Mean values of gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase and total bilirubin were higher (p less than 0.05) in the non-Legionella group. The only x-ray data that showed significant difference were pleural effusion, more frequent in the non-Legionella group (p less than 0.02). The mortality rate of legionellosis was 14.6 percent compared to 35.7 percent for the non-Legionella group (p less than 0.05). We conclude that a sure differential diagnosis based on clinical, roentgenographic and analytical features of both groups is not possible. The relatively low mortality rate of the Legionella group, when compared to other series of nosocomial legionellosis, could be due to the standard use of erythromycin in the therapeutic approach to nosocomial-acquired pneumonia in our hospital.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Bacteremia after fibrobronchoscopy. Prospective study].

We prospectively evaluated in 88 inpatients the incidence of fever and bacteremia after fiberoptic bronchoscopy and its predisposing variables. Fever was present in 27% of cases and no bacteremia could be demonstrated neither associated nor intercurrent . Chronic Hepatic Disease, endobronchial pathology and bronchial biopsy practice were predisposing factors for fever development in the univariant analysis.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Tuberculosis of the breast: a rare modern disease.

A case of mammary tuberculosis is reported. A communication between the axillary glands and the breast emphasises Cooper's theory that the breast becomes secondarily involved by lymphatic extension. Involvement of other organs by acid-fast bacilli could not be demonstrated. A relapse occurred sixteen months after a 6-month course of treatment with rifampicin, isoniazid, ethambutol and pyrazinamide.

Antitubercular Agents↗
PubMed1990

Postural variation of the maximum inspiratory and expiratory pressures in normal subjects.

The maximum static inspiratory and expiratory pressures (MIP and MEP, respectively) were measured in 15 normal male subjects (average age, 27.14 years) in standing and sitting position. The MIP was determined at RV and FRC and MEP was determined at TLC and FRC. No significant differences were found for these parameters between the two postures. Our study proves that the posture adopted by the subject when these two maneuvers are performed does not influence the results obtained.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Variation in maximum inspiratory and expiratory pressure after application of inspiratory loads in patients with COPD.

We studied eight men with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (age, 60.57 +/- 7.59 years; height, 162 +/- 10.43 cm; weight, 65 +/- 9.7 kg). Functional values of the sample were as follows: FEV1, 46 percent; FVC, 67 percent; PO2, 72.4 mm Hg; and pH, 7.41. We used a modification of the Nickerson and Keens method. Patients were required to perform 65 percent of maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP). We counted the time from the start of the test to exhaustion of the patient (TLIM). We measured basal MIP and maximal expiratory pressure (MEP) (TLC) at the TLIM and 10, 20, and 30 minutes and MIP was different from the basal value (MIP basal, 85.7 cm H2O; MIP 10 minutes, 79.1 cm H2O; MIP 20 minutes, 78.6 cm H2O; MIP 30 minutes, 79.6 cm H2O. The MEP was not different from the basal value. We concluded that in patients with COPD, MIP decreases significantly after inspiration through umbral inspiratory weight equal to 65 percent MIP and does not return to basal value for 30 minutes. The MEP does not change with respect to basal determination.

Airway Obstruction↗
PubMed1989

[Early detection of tuberculosis by the evaluation of contacts].

We have evaluated the close contacts of 191 patients diagnosed of tuberculosis in our center between 1984 and 1987. The overall number of evaluated contacts was 666, and the mean number of contacts for each index case was 3.7. In 55% of the evaluated population PPD reaction was positive, and their mean age was 33.3 years. In 132 cases chemoprophylaxis was given during one year (22%). Forty-one new cases of tuberculosis were detected, with a mean age of 25.6 years. In ten new cases the source of infection was familial. When the contacts were distributed according to the bacteriologic status of the index case (direct investigation of tubercle bacilli positive in 103 cases and negative in 167), the rate of disease and infection was significantly higher among those related to positive patients. In the group related to negative patients we discovered 7 new cases of active tuberculosis. Our results confirm the usefulness of the systematic evaluation of the contacts of tuberculous patients in our area, as it permits the identification of an important number of new patients which should be adequately treated. This practice contributes to interrupt the epidemiologic transmission chain of the disease and to facilitate its eradication.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Pericardial effusion as a clinical sign of Legionnaires' disease.

Legionnella often causes systemic manifestations. The clinical spectrum now includes cardiac legionnellosis. The first case of pericardial effusion was reported in September, 1981. To date, few additional cases have been reported. We hereby report a case of asymptomatic pericardial effusion with simultaneous pulmonary involvement. Pericardial involvement, if sought, would probably be more frequent than supposed in Legionnaires' disease.

Electrocardiography↗
PubMed1989

[Peritoneal hydatidosis with fistulization into the sigmoid colon].

A case is presented of peritoneal hydatidosis with fistulization into the sigmoid in a patient who had previously undergone surgery for hepatic hydatidosis. The clinical picture made its debut as an alteration in intestinal habit followed by the appearance of diarrheic syndrome and expulsion of hydatid membranes. The natural history of peritoneal hydatidosis, its complications and therapeutic guidelines are discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

(Radio) rocket immunoelectrophoresis a useful screening method for house dust extracts.

House dust (HD) extracts prepared from HD collected in households from West Germany, USA, and Spain were investigated by (radio) rocket immunoelectrophoresis. By pouring agarose gels containing different antisera side by side in strips onto a glass plate, the antigen/allergen components of HD extracts could be detected simultaneously in one electrophoretic separation. In addition to mite and animal dander, antigens/allergens of pollens, mold and food (ovalbumin and cow serum) could be detected in most of the extracts.

Allergens↗
PubMed1986

Captopril and bronchial reactivity.

In order to assess the effect of captopril on bronchial reactivity, 16 consecutive patients with asthma and hypertension were randomized in a double-blind crossover study, with increasing doses of placebo or captopril for 4 week periods. Forced expiratory flow (FEV1) and a dose-response curve with methacholine (PD20) were measured before and after treatment . Effective control of hypertension was achieved in all patients on captopril (P less than 0.05), while no changes in FEV1 and PD20 were observed. We conclude that captopril can be used as a first step in the treatment of asthmatic patients with hypertension.

Asthma↗