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Biomedical subjects

J Romette

Publications and source records attributed to J Romette.

12 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1989

Vitamin A, vitamin E, retinol binding protein (RBP), and prealbumin in digestive cancers.

The existence of a relation between vitamin A and vitamin E and human cancers is supported by epidemiologic investigations. The aim of this study is to link the level of these vitamins to those of plasmatic protein carriers like retinol binding protein (RBP) and prealbumin (TTR), in three groups of subjects: healthy patients (n = 78), polyp (n = 34) and digestive cancer patients (n = 70). A paired t-test did not reveal any significant variation in any parameter between the polyp group and controls, but did evidence a significant decrease in serum levels of retinol (p less than 2.10(-4], RBP (p less than 2.10(-4), TTR (p less than 10(-5), and alpha-tocopherol (p less than 2.10(-3), in cancer cases as against control subjects. Comparison of RBP renal clearance and retinol tissue clearance in cancer and healthy patients indicates that the decrease in circulating retinol levels cannot be attributed to an increase in peripheral consumption. The simultaneous reduction of RBP and TTR serum levels is to be considered as a sign of protein denutrition. Thus our results suggest that the decrease serum levels of vitamins A and E observed in digestive cancers are a consequence of this nutritional deficiency.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Biochemical markers of the tumor origin of ascites].

In order to determine the best biochemical tests to detect cancer as the cause of ascites formation, ascitic fluid level of fibronectin, cholesterol, phospholipids and triglycerides were compared for 73 patients. The median values and the cut-off concentrations of these parameters were determined on 53 ascitic fluids without malignant cytology and 20 ascitic fluids characterized by a malignant cytology. The results showed that ascitic fluid fibronectin and cholesterol levels had a higher discriminating value than phospholipids and triglycerides to separate ascites caused by neoplasms. Cholesterol and fibronectin gave the same sensitivity and negative predictive value but cholesterol showed the highest specificity and positive predictive value.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Inflammatory syndrome and changes in plasma proteins].

Inflammation can be considered as a reactional process towards an injury of any etiology. It is clinically characterized by the four major points described by Celse. The symptoms are usually associated with fever and with a biological syndrome including an increased sedimentation rate related to an elevation of inflammatory plasma proteins. The Acute Phase Reactant Proteins (orosomucoid, alpha 1-antitrypsin, alpha 1-antichymotrypsin, haptoglobin, ceruloplasmin, C reactive protein and fibrinogen) are released by the hepatocytes. The complement components C3 and C4, transferrin and alpha 2-macroglobulin can also be generated by the macrophages. At inflammation sites, the activated host phagocytes release a Leukocytic Endogenous Mediator (LEM) or Interleukin I. A circulating cleavage product of Interleukin I, called "Proteolysis Inducing Factor" induces an increased muscle proteolysis and hepatic amino acids uptake for inflammatory proteins synthesis, principaly in the form of Acute Phase Reactant Proteins. Furthermore, this monokin stimulates the T4 helpers lympocytes production of a lymphokin: Interleukin II. There is no "inflammation protein" characterized by the 5 criteria of the Clinical Biology French Society. Therefore the association of a high turn over protein (CRP) and a low turn over one (orosomucoid and/or haptoglobin) is usefull for the detection of an inflammatory process and to evaluate a therapeutic efficiency. These proteins are usually selected for early diagnosis of neonatal bacterial infections and for the diagnosis of myocardial infarction. In the present time, numerous studies using statistical methods try to separate inflammatory processes according to their etiology.

Acute-Phase Proteins↗
PubMed1985

[Prealbumin and retinol-binding protein].

Thyroxin binding prealbumin (TBPA) and retinol binding protein (RBP) are associated in a complex responsible for the transport of vitamin A and of about 10% of the thyroid hormones T3 and T4. Both are synthetized in the liver. RBP can be characterized by two essential points: its hepatic secretion depending on the nutritional vitamin A status explains the close relation noted between these two parameters; its catabolism located in the renal tubular cells indicates the important role played by kidney in its metabolism. The concentrations, in serum of normal healthy adults, of TBPA and RBP are respectively 323 mg/l and 63 mg/l for men, 283 mg/l and 52 mg/l for women. In these cases the variations of the two proteins are significantly correlated. In patients with liver diseases and with protein deficiency, there is a lack of synthesis of TBPA and RBP (deficiency in substrate and/or decrease in hepatic synthesis). In vitamin A deficiency and in renal failure, RBP alone is disturbed.

Aging↗
PubMed1984

[Blood prealbumin: comparison of 2 methods of assay and correlation with the retinol binding protein].

Prealbumin was determined by radial immunodiffusion and laser immunonephelometry methods in serum or plasma from 86 adult subjects. Both methods were reliable in physiologic prealbumin range but immunonephelometry only was reliable for lower levels. Physiologic prealbumin level was 346 +/- 67 mg/l in adult males and 319 +/- 48 mg/l in adult females; no difference was noted for retinol binding protein (60 +/- 14 mg/l). When prealbumin and retinol binding protein levels were low, no close correlation was noted in their variations.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Copper pathology (author's transl)].

Copper is an essential dietary component, being the coenzyme of many enzymes with oxidase activity, e.g. ceruloplasmin, superoxide dismutase, monoamine oxidase, etc. The metabolism of copper is complex and imperfectly known. Active transport of copper through the intestinal epithelial cells involves metallothionein, a protein rich in sulfhydryl groups which also binds the copper in excess and probably prevents absorption in toxic amounts. In hepatocytes a metallothionein facilitates absorption by a similar mechanism and regulates copper distribution in the liver: incorporation in an apoceruloplasmin, storage and synthesis of copper-dependent enzymes. Metallothioneins and ceruloplasmin are essential to adequate copper homeostasis. Apart from genetic disorders, diseases involving copper usually result from hypercupraemia of varied origin. Wilson's disease and Menkes' disease, although clinically and pathogenetically different, are both marked by low ceruloplasmin and copper serum levels. The excessive liver retention of copper in Wilson's disease might be due to increased avidity of hepatic metallothioneins for copper and decreased biliary excretion through lysosomal dysfunction. Menkes' disease might be due to low avidity of intestinal and hepatic metallothioneins for copper. The basic biochemical defect responsible for these two hereditary conditions has not yet been fully elucidated.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

[Biological and clinical studies in occupational exposure to copper and cadmium dust].

The present study was carried out on 76 industrial workers divided in four working sections and exposed to cadmium and copper fumes and/or dust for periods ranging from 2 to 32 years. There were no signs of chronic copper poisoning associated with long term industrial exposure. In all cases indeed, normal blood copper level (near 15,5 mumol/l) and normal urine copper level (53 mumol/mol creat) were found. Moreover, in the plasma, the copper/ceruloplasmin ratio was approximately 8, with both normal values in micromoles. The great elimination of copper in feces assured probably the copper homeostasis. On the contrary, particularly near the furnace, the atmospheric cadmium level was to be considered; 9 out of 11 furnacemen who worked during more than 5 years showed neither respiratory or hepatic failure nor bone mineral metabolism disturbances, in spite of urine cadmium level greater than 10 mumol/mol creat, "early warning" for renal damage. There was no significant correlation between urine and blood cadmium levels when the latter was greater than 4,5 micrograms/l (40,2 nmol/l). The high beta 2 microglobulin level for 66 p. cent of furnacemen, was the indicator of tubular damage. Therefore the urine cadmium in combination with beta 2m should be determined to detect early effects of cadmium in exposed workers.

Air Pollutants, Occupational↗
PubMed1980

[Determination of immunoglobulins G, A, M, alpha-2-macroglobulin and ceruloplasmin levels in cerebrospinal fluid of children and adults by a nephelometric laser method (author's transl)].

Cerebrospinal fluid, G, A, M, immunoglobulins, alpha-2-macroglobulin and ceruloplasmin levels were determined by a nephelometric Laser method of a control group of 21 adult patients strictly suffering from a "slipped disc" disease. The same CSF parameters were studied on a second group of 90 patients including adults and children with normal CSF proteins levels (< 500 mg per liter). Normal values were established according to the different age groups. Results were given in milligrams per liter and nanomols per liter.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

[Determination of proteins in cerebrospinal fluid of adults using two immunochemical methods (author's transl)].

A study of CSF proteins by electrophoretical and immunological techniques suggests the Laser immunonephelemetrical method is suitable as a "Standard method". The average levels of albumin, IgG, IgM, IgA and alpha-2-macroglobulin have been determined and the correlations between these levels have been calculated. The values of albumin and IgG allow a classification of neurologic diseases according to a diagram. The variations of IgM, IgA and alpha-2-macroglobulin levels are not yet explained.

Adult↗