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Biomedical subjects

J Roussi

Publications and source records attributed to J Roussi.

30 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Aprotinin could promote arterial thrombosis in pigs: a prospective randomized, blind study.

Haemostatic properties of aprotinin could be associated with an increased risk of thrombosis. A randomized, blinded study was conducted to consider the potential thrombogenicity of aprotinin, using the Folts' model on femoral arteries in 12 pigs. The flow variations were measured by a pulsed Doppler in anaesthetised animals. Ear immersion bleeding time was performed. During the first part of the study, a stenosis was performed successively on both femoral arteries, each for a period of 30 min, without prior injury, to assess the integrity of the vessel, and to check that the arteries did not develop cyclic flow reductions (CFR), permanent cessation of flow (PCF) or partial thrombosis, when a stenosis is applied. Then the clamp was released and a bolus of placebo (saline), or aprotinin (4 millions KIU, followed by a continuous infusion of 1 million KIU.h-1), was administered. At the end of the bolus, the second part of the study began. Stenosis was applied to the arteries. If CRF, PCF, or partial thrombosis were observed without prior injury then the infused drug (aprotinin or saline) was considered a prothrombotic drug, and the opposite artery was studied. For each animal, right and left femoral artery segments were fixed and studied (morphologic study). Eighteen arteries were studied. In the aprotinin group, 6 arteries out of 8 developed an unexpected thrombosis, as compared with only 2 out of 10 arteries in the control group (p = 0.02). The morphologic study confirmed the occurrence of thrombosis in 4 out of 7 arteries in the aprotinin group, as compared with only 1 out of 9 in the control group.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1994

French multicentric evaluation of recombinant tissue factor (recombiplastin) for determination of prothrombin time.

Recombiplastin, a recombinant a human tissue factor, elaborated by Ortho Diagnostic Systems, produced by Baculovirus and relipidated with highly purified phospholipids, was tested as a new reagent for determining prothrombin time (PT) in a French multicentric study. Its intralaboratory performances, including sensitivity, repeatability, reproducibility and stability, were explored to establish whether its use would reduce the interlaboratory dispersion of PT values, and therefore improve the standardization of oral anticoagulant treatment. The 9 university hospital hematology laboratories involved in this study used the same type of instrument (KC 10). For 10 consecutive days, they determined PTS on a normal plasma pool, plasma dilutions of 1/2, 1/3 and 1/8, 3 identical lyophilized calibrated plasmas, as well as plasmas from 20 normal subjects, 50 patients on oral anticoagulant therapy with Recombiplastin which has an International Sensitivity Index (ISI) of 1, and 2 commercial thromboplastin extracts (ISI #1 or 2). In the patients on anticoagulants, factors VII, X and V were measured when results were conflicting. The intra and interlaboratory reproducibilities of Recombiplastin, calculated on the basis of either PTS expressed in seconds, or of the International Normalized Ratio (INR), were good, with coefficients of variation (CV) similar to those observed with the 5 other reagents used by the different laboratories (2% < CV < 8%). The stability of Recombiplastin was excellent, with no variation in PT after 72 h of incubation at 37 degrees C. A normal PT of 12 s was obtained with Recombiplastin, similar to the values found for the reagents with ISI #2.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1992

Characterization of a thrombopathy (type delta storage pool disease) affecting a pig colony.

An autosomal recessive thrombopathy in pigs is described and characterized functionally, morphologically and biochemically. The affected pigs have a severe bleeding diathesis and a markedly prolonged bleeding time but normal plasma and platelet von Willebrand factor (vWF) levels. Electron micrographs and fluorescence microscopy with mepacrine reveal reduced numbers of dense granules in platelets as compared to normals. This thrombopathy is a pure delta storage pool disease (SPD), as evidenced: a) biochemically by platelet serotonin content and metabolism and by comparative ATP/ADP content and secretion; b) functionally by reduced aggregability to low concentrations of convulxin and collagen but normal aggregability to other agents and normal synthesis of thromboxane B2. The affection was first discovered in a colony of von Willebrand's disease (vWD) pigs, but is biologically and genetically distinct. It is possible to completely separate the SPD from the vWD, although originally animals could be affected by both vWD and SPD. Normal plasma and platelet alpha granule content of vWF are found in diseased animals. An intermediate disorder is also detected in animals not severely affected, which may represent the heterozygous state.

Acetylserotonin O-Methyltransferase↗
PubMed1987

[Prophylactic and therapeutic use of a low molecular weight heparin fraction, CY 216].

The aim of our work was to study in a population of high risk patients with hemorrhagic and or thrombotic disease, the preventive or therapeutic effect of a low molecular weight heparin fraction, CY 216 (Choay, France), particularly in surgery. CY 216 was given to 9 patients for the treatment of a thrombosis (pulmonary embolism, acute ischemia, deep venous thrombosis) and to 40 patients in prevention of thrombosis. In this second group, 28 had a high thromboembolic risk such as valvular prosthesis, cardiac arrythmia, coronary artery bypass, etc. For all the patients, CY 216 was injected sub-cutaneously twice or three times a day at the mean dose of 1.5 mg/kg/d, equivalent to 300 U anti-Xa Choay/24 h, and always injected 24 hours before surgery. The biological tests used were: blood cells count, platelet count, prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, heparinemia levels by two technics: anti-factor-Xa activity and anti-factor IIa activity. None thrombotic complication was observed in the 40 patients prophylactically treated and a constant improvement of thrombosis was noted for the 9 patients with thrombo-embolic disease. In 3 patients, bleeding complications were observed: for 2 patients, all the coagulation tests were normal and anti-Xa activities were less than 0.55 U/ml; in one patient, the bleeding time was prolonged (15 minutes Ivy Incision) and returned to normal when the CY 216 was stopped. Concerning the biology, there was no modification except for anti-Xa activity which mean was 0.30 U/ml (01-07). However, this test is unable to predict either thrombotic or hemorrhagic events.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

[Acute ischemia of the lower limbs in nephrotic syndrome in a young woman].

A thirty-year-old woman, who had onset of nephrotic syndrome during the last part of her pregnancy, experienced recurrent acute ischemia of both lower limbs, leading to three conservative surgical procedures one month after delivery. Investigations disclosed no cause of embolism and were suggestive of thrombosis. The arteriography showed a diffuse reduction in diameter of the aorta and iliac vessels without localised stenosis or other vascular lesions. This complication is presumably related to several factors associated with the reduction in arterial diameter: hypovolemia, hyperfibrinemia, hyperlipidemia and abnormalities of hemostasis.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1983

[Success of treatment with a low-molecular-weight heparin fraction in a case of pulmonary embolism complicated by heparin-induced thrombopenia].

A 40-year-old woman was admitted to Ambroise-Paré Hospital with a mitral stenosis and right ventricular failure. On the admission, heparino-therapy was started (Heparine Calcique Leo 30,000 IU/24 h); 11 days after, a thrombocytopenia (platelet count 60 . 10(9)/l) was observed and a few days later a pulmonary embolus was diagnosed. "In vitro", a heparin dependent plasma platelet aggregating factor was found (with Heparine Leo and all other standard ones tested) leading to the diagnosis of heparin associated thrombocytopenia; on the other this aggregating factor was not found with a low molecular weight (LMW) heparin fraction (Choay laboratory, Paris, batch CY216). We decided to stop standard heparin and to treat this patient with the LMW fraction (7,500 IU every 8 h SC) associated with oral antivitamin K. A rapid clinical improvement was observed and the platelet count rose progressively reaching 300 . 10(9)/l and has subsequently always been greater than 200 . 10(9)/l. The occurrence of heparin induced thrombocytopenia associated with thrombosis leads to heparin cessation; the treatment of the thrombotic episode seems to be improved by the use of LMW heparin associated with vitamin K antagonists.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[A new plasma exchange technique : coagulation studies (author's transl)].

Coagulation studies were performed during and after 60 continuous plasma exchanges in 15 patients with neurologic disorders. One or several plasmapheresis were performed on each patient using a new filtration material "Plasmaflo" from Asahi Medical, Tokyo. During each exchange involving massive heparin infusion, two total plasma volumes were removed and replaced isovolumetrically by a material devoid of clotting factors (albumin and Plasmion). The variation of the platelet count was moderate (mean reduction of 19%). An important and rapid fall of all coagulation factors was observed, and during a single exchange procedure the extent of the fall was comparable for all coagulation factors. The mean reduction during plasmapheresis was 70%. However, a difference in the rapidity of normalisation was observed between the various proteins (F.V. : 24 h, A.T.III : 72 h). A particular property was noted concerning factor VIII. In all cases, a normal or high level of VIII : C as well as of VIII R : Ag was reached 3 hours after exchange. In some cases an increase could be observed even during plasmapheresis. No hemorrhagic diathesis was noted despite massive heparin administration to the patients and a striking decrease of blood procoagulant factors. On the other hand, one patient developed femoral vein thrombosis following the 8th exchange.

Blood Coagulation Factors↗
PubMed1978

[Evaluation of an automatic clot-sensing instrument : Coag A Pet 200 (author's transl)].

The Coag A Pet 200 is an automatic clot-sensing instrument, with two channels; the variation in the optical density is detected by a photoelectric system. The results are sequentially printed out with the sample number. A critical evaluation of its performance in hospital use over 7 month, is reported. The series of tests thus automated consists of: one stage prothrombin-time, Owren test, activated partial thromboplastin time, analytical determinations of factors II, V, VII + X, VII, IX, XI, XII. The repeatibility is good: CV ranged between 0.5 to 1.5% or 2%, and a high degree of correlation with the standard manual techniques was found: R: 0.93 TO 0.99. This instrument was easy to master, use and maintain.

Autoanalysis↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Antiprothrombinase anticoagulant and acquired prothrombin deficiency in childhood viral pathology. Spontaneous recovery].

A 2 year-old female developed an acute bleeding diathesis related to a profound, isolated and acquired prothrombin deficiency; evidence for a "lupus anticoagulant" was also demonstrated. This association of hypoprothrombinemia and "lupus anticoagulant", rarely reported, was previously considered to be rather specific for SLE. This case report demonstrates that these coagulation disorders may present as an acute form, in viral diseases of the child, with spontaneous and quick recovery. Specific characteristics of the biological coagulation defects, namely those related to the low factor II, are discussed.

Blood Coagulation Factors↗