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Biomedical subjects

J S Grant

Publications and source records attributed to J S Grant.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Social problem-solving telephone partnerships with family caregivers of persons with stroke.

As individuals with significant functional deficits are discharged earlier from the hospital, health care professionals are challenged to develop cost-effective intervention programmes that will assist family members to manage caregiving problems in the home. The literature suggests that social problem-solving can positively influence the physical and psychological well-being of individuals. This paper describes a social problem-solving training procedure provided primarily by telephone to assist family caregivers to manage caregiving issues in the home.

Aged↗
PubMed2000

Sociodemographic, physical, and psychosocial characteristics of depressed and non-depressed family caregivers of stroke survivors.

A variety of sociodemographic, physical, and psychosocial variables are linked to depressive behaviour in family caregivers. This study was conducted to determine the best predictors of caregiver depression at onset of the caregiver role among persons providing care to a stroke survivor. The relative contributions of stroke survivor and caregiver sociodemographic characteristics, as well as caregiver general health, physical functioning, social support, life satisfaction, preparedness, and reaction in the prediction of depression status, were examined. A correlational study of 52 primary family caregivers of individuals who had a cerebrovascular accident was conducted. General health and physical functioning scales from the SF-36, and measures of caregiver social support, life satisfaction, preparedness, and reaction were used. Caregiver depression was best predicted by lower life satisfaction, lower physical functioning, and a lack of tangible social support.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1998

Writing manuscripts for clinical journals.

Publishing in clinical journals can be an exciting and rewarding opportunity for home care nurses to convey creative ways they address problems in their practice. This article provides strategies potential authors can use to select topics, develop content, adhere to appropriate format and style, and benefit from pre- and postsubmission manuscript critiques. An overview of the review and publication process is also discussed.

Community Health Nursing↗
PubMed1997

Selection and use of content experts for instrument development.

Content experts frequently are used in the judgment-quantification stage of content validation of instruments. However, errors in instrumentation may arise when important steps in selecting and using these experts are not carefully planned. The systematic process of choosing, orienting, and using content experts in the judgment-qualification stage of instrument development is addressed, with particular attention to the often neglected, important step of familiarizing these experts with the conceptual underpinnings and measurement model of the instrument. An example using experts to validate content for a measure of caregiver burden is used to illustrate this stage of instrument review.

Bias↗
PubMed1996

Home care problems experienced by stroke survivors and their family caregivers.

The purpose of this qualitative study was to explore home care problems experienced by stroke survivors and their family caregivers after hospital discharge. Stroke survivors and family caregivers identified four major problems: loss of the stroke survivor's familiar identity, managing activities of daily living, seeking and mobilizing tangible services, and obtaining emotional/social support. Implications for home healthcare nurses are discussed for each problem.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1994

Constructing the reality of recovery: family home care management strategies.

Development of home health care programs for family caregivers is predicated on an understanding of problems caregivers encounter and ways in which they manage those problems. This article describes home care management strategies of family caregivers of stroke survivors. Qualitative analysis of interviews with a purposive sample of family caregivers indicated that caregivers of stroke survivors practice situational vigilance for the stroke survivor, create solutions for problems associated with functional losses of a stroke, construct the reality of recovery for themselves and the stroke survivor, and seek to find personal meaning in the caregiving experience. Implications for practice and future research are proposed.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1993

Guidelines for using psychometric consultants in nursing studies.

Consultation for measurement issues is an increasingly common expectation for many studies, yet there are few published guidelines on the use of psychometric consultants. The role of the psychometrician as research consultant is discussed and questions commonly asked of these measurement experts are identified. Consultation when selecting, revising, and developing data collection instruments is explored.

Consultants↗
PubMed1993

Using conceptual frameworks or models to guide nursing research.

To be useful, a frame of reference must enable an investigator to organize all components of a research study beginning with the literature review and problem statement and continuing through interpretation of findings. Careful conceptualization of the entire research process will move nurses closer to building an orderly system of scientific knowledge in which each investigation serves as a tool of nursing science.

Data Collection↗
PubMed1993

Criteria for critiquing clinical nursing research reports.

The primary goal of nursing research is to develop a scientific knowledge base for practice. Postanesthesia nurses are expected to critique nursing research before applying findings to clinical practice. As consumers of research, postanesthesia nurses must be able to employ critical evaluation skills to judge the merit and relevance of research to their clinical practice. This article presents criteria for critiquing clinical nursing research reports to determine their relevance to practice.

Evaluation Studies as Topic↗
PubMed1992

Clinical referents for nursing diagnoses.

Validation of nursing diagnoses is an essential step in developing knowledge for nursing practice and should be a major goal of the discipline. Nursing diagnoses must have clinical referents, that is, defining characteristics which appear in patient populations exhibiting specific nursing diagnoses. Selecting nursing diagnoses for patient populations, developing a list of defining characteristics and operational definitions for a nursing diagnosis, selecting a standard to discriminate among subjects and constructing an instrument to document the occurrence of defining characteristics in selected patient populations are preliminary steps in identifying clinical referents. Methodological concerns addressed in establishing clinical referents for nursing diagnoses included controlling confounding factors, determining sample size, conducting a pilot study, determining interrater reliability, selecting appropriate statistical tests, and identifying critical defining characteristics for a nursing diagnosis.

Brain Injuries↗
PubMed1991

Neuroscience patients: under attack by fungi.

An intact skin with its acid mantle is the patient's first line of defense. Neuroscience nurses are the patient's second line of defense since they are responsible for assessment and treatment of the skin. Several risk factors make neuroscience patients susceptible to candidiasis. Skin properties, risk factors, assessment, complications and selected nursing and medical treatment of candidiasis are discussed in this article.

Candidiasis, Cutaneous↗
PubMed1990

Altered level of consciousness: validity of a nursing diagnosis.

The purpose of this three-phase study was to examine the validity of the nursing diagnosis altered level of consciousness (ALC). The conceptual framework was diagnostic reasoning. In Phase I, 26 content experts certified in neuroscience nursing completed four rounds of a Delphi survey to identify defining characteristics and operational definitions for the nursing diagnosis. The diagnosis was divided into ALC: arousal and ALC: content. In Phase II, 30 staff nurses from two neuroscience intensive care units (NICUs) used the magnitude estimation scaling technique in judging the importance and frequency of occurrence of defining characteristics chosen in Phase I. In Phase III, 60 patients in two NICUs were assessed for frequency of occurrence of the defining characteristics for ALC: arousal and ALC: content. In Phase I, there was greater than or equal to 70% agreement on the appropriateness and clarity of 28 and 24 defining characteristics and operational definitions for ALC: arousal and ALC: content, respectively. In Phase II, there were 7 major defining characteristics identified for ALC: arousal and 6 major defining characteristics identified for ALC: content. In Phase III, there were 13 defining characteristics that occurred with significantly greater frequency in patients with an ALC: arousal and 17 defining characteristics that occurred with significantly greater frequency in patients with an ALC: content.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗