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Biomedical subjects

J S Isenberg

Publications and source records attributed to J S Isenberg.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Rodeo thumb: an unusual etiology of avulsion amputation of the thumb.

Though avulsion amputation of the thumb is a devastating hand injury, microsurgical techniques allow for immediate reconstruction and early restoration of function. The majority of these injuries occur in the workplace. An uncommon cause of thumb avulsion amputation is team roping. Recently, several individuals with such injuries presented and underwent successful replantation. Early perioperative venous thrombosis in one case led to secondary reconstruction with a delayed skin flap. Nonetheless, all patients have returned to full activity including team roping.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Vascular trauma.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Blood Vessels↗
PubMed1995

Oxidative stress in nongenotoxic carcinogenesis.

The induction of oxidative stress in the target tissue has been proposed as a possible mechanism of action for nongenotoxic carcinogens. A variety of nongenotoxic hepatocarcinogens including peroxisome proliferators, organochlorines, barbiturates, and metals have been shown to produce an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the liver. Our group has examined the induction of oxidative stress by the organochlorine mouse hepatic carcinogen, dieldrin. Using a salicylate spin trap assay, dieldrin was found to produce mouse liver-specific increases in ROS in cultured hepatocytes. Increased amounts of hepatic 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine and malondialdehyde (MDA) and decreased levels of cellular antioxidants were also seen in cultured mouse hepatocytes following dieldrin treatment. In subchronically dieldrin-treated mice and rats, hepatic vitamin E (Vit E) was decreased correlated with dieldrin dose. While Vit E levels were decreased in both rats and mice, the normal lower levels of Vit E in the mouse resulted in a subsequent oxidative stress, evidenced by an increase in MDA formation in the mouse liver. Dieldrin also produced a dose-dependent increase in DNA synthesis in the mouse (not the rat) following subchronic treatment. These effects seen in both cells in culture and in vivo were species specific, organ specific, and dose dependent which directly correlated with the observed pattern of cancer induction for dieldrin in rodents (mouse liver-specific). These findings support a possible role for the induction of oxidative stress in nongenotoxic hepatic carcinogenesis possibly through modulation of gene expression.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Immediate tendon Achilles reconstruction with composite palmaris longus grafts.

Full-thickness defects of the posterior heel constitute a continuing reconstructive challenge due to a relative lack of regional tissues in this area and the inherent avascularity of the tendo-Achilles. Wound closure and tendon reconstruction with composite flaps can potentially accelerate healing, reduce scarring, and improve tendon function. In 2 patients, a radial forearm-palmaris longus composite free flap was used to reconstruct full-thickness defects of the heal and tendo-Achilles. Rapid healing and return of function were obtained without significant donor site disability.

Achilles Tendon↗
PubMed1995

The natural history of pressure sores in a community hospital environment.

A retrospective review of the medical records of a community hospital during a recent 2-year period identified 100 patients with a pressure sore at admission or who developed one thereafter. The mean age of the group was 82.5 years, with three fourths being women. Although 40% of patients were admitted from home, only 20% were discharged home. A minority (27%) of patients in the cohort were independently ambulatory. Likewise, a minority (40%) were alert and orientated at admission and able to feed themselves (46%). Associated conditions that impeded mobility, such as arthritis, joint contractures, hemiplegia, and paraplegia, were noted in 65% of the cohort. A total of 173 pressure sores were noted in 100 patients. The majority (89%) was located caudal to the apex of the iliac crests. No statistically significant variation in wound location or type was found between surviving or expiring patients or between patients whose wounds improved as compared to those whose wounds deteriorated. Seventy-four percent of pressure ulcers were grade II, that is, involving the subdermal layers, or worse. Again, no significant difference in pressure sore grade was noted between patients who lived and patients who died. Topical treatment of pressure sores was universal, though no logical approach was seen. No statistical advantage was achieved by any particular agent or combination of agents. Most patients (79%) were managed on pressure-release surfaces (sheepskin, eggcrate, gel cushion) or air flotation systems (Clinitron, Flexicare). Interestingly, no significant benefit was noted in wound healing or survival rate as related to bed type.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aged↗
PubMed1995

Subtotal calcanectomy for osteomyelitis of the os calcis: a reasonable alternative to free tissue transfer.

Composite wounds of the heel with secondary secondary osteomyelitis of the calcaneus remain a reconstructive challenge. A paucity of regional flaps has often necessitated microvascular transplantation in order to obtain wound healing. Subtotal calcanectomy, traditionally a technique of the orthopedic surgeon, can, in selected cases, eradicate infection and achieve wound closure and limb preservation. A review was undertaken of one hospital's experience with this procedure over a 4-year period. Five patients with osteomyelitis of the os calcis were identified who were successfully managed with subtotal calcanectomy.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Melanoma--current concepts.

The Council on Scientific Affairs of the California Medical Association presents the following epitomes of progress in plastic surgery. Each item, in the judgment of a panel of knowledgeable physicians, has recently become reasonably firmly established, both as to scientific fact and clinical importance. The items are presented in simple epitome, and an authoritative reference, both to the item itself and to the subject as a whole, is generally given for those who may be unfamiliar with a particular item. The purpose is to assist busy practitioners, students, researchers, and scholars to stay abreast of progress in medicine, whether in their own field of special interest or another. The epitomes included here were selected by the Advisory Panel to the Section on Plastic Surgery of the California Medical Association, and the summaries were prepared under the direction of C. Gregory Jellinek, MD, and the panel.

Humans↗
PubMed1994

Computer-generated slide graphics on a shoestring budget.

The use of computer-generated slides in weekly didactic conferences and at regional and national meetings is commonplace. Though adding a professional look, the expense of computer-generated slides can be prohibitive. We herein present a simple technique for generating color slides that captures the professional look of computer-generated slides at a fraction of the cost.

Audiovisual Aids↗
PubMed1994

Bilateral simultaneous groin flaps in the salvage of a pediatric blast-injured hand.

The groin flap was first described by McGregor and Jackson in 1972. Since then it has been applied to a wide variety of reconstructive problems. The flap is amenable to both staged and free tissue transfer and can provide cutaneous or composite tissues. However, use of this flap in the pediatric population has been limited. We herein describe the first known case of simultaneous bilateral staged groin flaps for salvage of a blast-injured hand in a child.

Blast Injuries↗
PubMed1994

Multiple recurrent benign schwannomas of deep and superficial nerves of the upper extremity: a new variant of segmental neurofibromatosis.

Benign schwannomas of the brachial plexus are uncommon tumors, first described in the late 19th century. These lesions, which are histologically benign, can generally be excised without sacrifice of neural elements. We present the first known case of multiple concurrent and recurrent benign schwannomas of the upper extremity in an individual who demonstrated no other evidence of neurofibromatosis, and we suggest that this case may represent a new subtype of type V neurofibromatosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Nasopalatine duct cysts and the role of magnetic resonance imaging.

Nasopalatine duct cysts are a common etiology for anterior midline palatal masses, which may be seen by craniofacial surgeons. Plain radiographs, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans may be useful in their diagnoses. Clinically, they may be symptomatic in more than 70% of patients. Treatment is surgical excision, with a recurrence rate of approximately 10%. We present a case of a midline, palatal mass in a 13-year-old girl in whom an MRI scan was utilized and evaluated as a radiological tool in the diagnosis and treatment plan of a nasopalatine duct cyst. An MRI scan is useful diagnostic tool; it provides exceptional definition of the anatomy in this region. A critical review of the literature, as well as pathogenesis and treatment recommendations, are provided.

Adolescent↗