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Biomedical subjects

J S Korek

Publications and source records attributed to J S Korek.

4 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

Central nervous system reactions to histamine-2 receptor blockers.

PURPOSE: To review the incidence, risk factors, pharmacology, and management of central nervous system reactions to histamine-2 receptor (H2) blockers. DATA IDENTIFICATION: English-language articles were identified through a search of the MEDLINE and Current Contents data-bases. Bibliographies of retrieved articles were examined for relevant articles. Case reports submitted to the Food and Drug Administration through 19 September 1989 were obtained. STUDY SELECTION: Studies on the association between central nervous system toxicity (psychosis, agitation, hallucinations, delirium, mental status changes, disorientation, confusion, irritability, obtundation, or hostility) and H2 blockers were analyzed. DATA EXTRACTION: All data on the incidence of and potential predisposing factors for central nervous system reactions to H2 blockers were analyzed. Limitations of the data are discussed. RESULTS OF DATA SYNTHESIS: Central nervous system toxicities have been associated with all H2 blockers. These reactions generally occur during the first 2 weeks of therapy and resolve within 3 days of drug withdrawal. The estimated incidence of central nervous system reactions is 0.2% or less in outpatients and 1.6% to 80% in hospitalized patients. Cimetidine is most frequently associated with these reactions; however, no clear evidence exists that one H2 blocker is more likely than another to cause a reaction. Risk factors for central nervous system reactions have been proposed, but only advanced age has some, albeit limited, data to support it as a risk factor. Studies have only infrequently established causality and there have been difficulties in establishing risk factors for an relative incidences of a phenomenon that occurs infrequently in outpatients and that can be multifactorial in origin. CONCLUSIONS: All H2 blockers are associated with central nervous system reactions. There is no clear evidence of a higher rate of reactions with one H2 blocker compared with another.

Histamine H2 Antagonists↗
PubMed1988

Monoamine oxidase inhibitors and weight gain.

Weight gain associated with antidepressant therapy is a common problem that often results in noncompliance. Some authors suggest that monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOI) are less likely to produce weight gain than tricyclic antidepressants. This paper addresses the relative potential for weight gain with the MAOI. Assessing the potential for antidepressant-induced weight gain necessitates separating the weight changes associated with alterations in mood disorders from those due to drug-induced alterations in appetite control. The mechanisms of appetite control are reviewed briefly followed by proposed mechanisms by which the MAOI may alter this control. A literature review suggests that phenelzine is the MAOI most likely to induce weight gain; reports of isocarboxazid-induced weight gain are less common. There are no cases of tranylcypromine-induced weight gain in the literature that are clearly associated with the drug. The MAOI probably have different effects on the mechanisms of appetite control.

Humans↗