Comparison of pitch perturbation extraction procedures with adult male and female speakers.
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Adolescent↗
Biomedical subjects
J S Matesich
Publications and source records attributed to J S Matesich.
The automatic extraction of pitch perturbation using microcomputers: some methodological considerations.
A program for the automatic extraction of jitter (PAEJ) was developed for the clinical measurement of pitch perturbations using a microcomputer. The program currently includes 12 implementations of an algorithm for marking the boundary criteria for a fundamental period of vocal fold vibration. The relative sensitivity of these extraction procedures for identifying the pitch period was compared using sine waves. Data obtained to date provide information for each procedure concerning the effects of waveform peakedness and slope, sample duration in cycles, noise level of the analysis system with both direct and tape recorded input, and the influence of interpolation. Zero crossing extraction procedures provided lower jitter values regardless of sine wave frequency or sample duration. The procedures making use of positive- or negative-going zero crossings with interpolation provided the lowest measures of jitter with the sine wave stimuli. Pilot data obtained with normal-speaking adults indicated that jitter measures varied as a function of the speaker, vowel, and sample duration.
Adult↗
Distribution of short-term rms levels in conversational speech.
For 30 male and 30 female talkers, distributions of short-term rms speech levels, relative to the corresponding long-term rms levels, were determined in each of eight 1/3-oct bands for six short-term measurement intervals. Consecutive, Hanning-windowed, 20-ms time records were combined to produce nominal measurement intervals ranging from 20 to 120 ms. For each measurement interval, mean distributions of short-term rms speech levels relative to long-term levels were very similar for male and female talkers, and intertalker differences were small, especially for short-term amplitudes above the median level. The distribution of short-term rms speech levels relative to long-term rms speech levels varied with measurement interval for the short-term measurements. The effects of measurement interval was least for the highest amplitude speech levels and increased as speech levels decreased. For short-term amplitudes above the median level, the effect of measurement interval was greater in higher frequency regions, whereas for short-term amplitudes below the median level, measurement interval had the greatest effect on the lower frequency bands. These data may facilitate comparisons among investigations using different measurement intervals. In addition, they have implications for amplification strategies.
Female↗
Spectrum shaping with a hardware digital filter.
Digital filters have certain characteristics which make possible some things that are either difficult or essentially impossible using analog equipment. Among the most useful characteristics are steep transition band slopes and the capability to shape the passband transfer function in great detail. Unlike most digital filters implemented in software, hardware digital filters can be used to filter signals in real-time. Also, they can be designed to provide a linear phase response. They have some disadvantages as well, however, including moderately high cost, the need for supporting equipment, and at the present time, the need for a moderate degree of computer programming and interfacing skill. We have used hardware digital filters in a number of applications. These applications and the relevant filter performance characteristics are described.
Acoustics↗