The role of psychotherapy in the treatment of depression: review of two practice guidelines.
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Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to J S McIntyre.
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The integration of mental health care and primary medical care enhances the quality of patient care and may improve the overall cost-effectiveness of a health care system. The authors describe implementation of a program that provides mental health care at 12 locations in a network of primary care sites associated with a university-affiliated community hospital in Rochester, New York. A project of the hospital's department of psychiatry, the program has as its goals improved recognition, diagnosis, and treatment of mental health problems and education of primary care providers in these areas. Each of the program's three primary therapists provide short-term, symptom-focused individual, marital, family, and group therapies and case consultation at several primary care sites. The program director, a psychiatrist, makes diagnostic assessments and provides medication consultation to both the primary therapists and the primary care physicians. The authors discuss the advantages and disadvantages of the program model and plans for its future development.
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A clinical picture of mania can have many causes, including amphetamine or cocaine use, acute schizophrenia, manic-depressive illness, and viral encephalitis. Accurate and complete history--of both the present episode and past experiences--is most valuable in the differentiation, along with mental status examination, physical examination, and selected laboratory tests. It is advisable to withhold drug therapy, if possible, until the initial evaluation is completed, for it may obscure the diagnosis.
A survey was conducted in Rochester, NY, of the attitudes and practices of psychiatrists (both in private practice and fulltime academic settings), psychiatric residents, internists, and fourth-year medical students concerning physical examinations of psychiatric patients. Thirteen percent of the psychiatrists frequently perform an initial physical examination on their inpatients and 8% frequently do an initial physical examination on their outpatients. These percentages are much larger for the resident groups. A very high percentage of all respondents report that they feel a physical examination of psychiatric patients is important especially when the patient is receiving medication. The largest number of psychiatrists report that they omit the physical examination because the patient has been referred to them after a physical examination by another physician or they refer the patient for such an examination. A notable percentage of psychiatrists in this sample report that they do not feel competent performing a physical examination.
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