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Biomedical subjects

J S Park

Publications and source records attributed to J S Park.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Relationship between blood pressure parameters and pulse wave velocity in normotensive and hypertensive subjects: invasive study.

Blood pressure (BP) is one of the most important contributing factors to pulse wave velocity (PWV), a classic measure of arterial stiffness. Although there have been many non-invasive studies to show the relation between arterial stiffness and BP, the results are controversial. The aim of this study is to evaluate the role of BP as an influencing factor on PWV using invasive method. We observed 174 normotensive and untreated hypertensive subjects using coronary angiography. Arterial stiffness was assessed through aorto-femoral PWV by foot-to-foot velocity method using fluid-filled system. And BP was measured by pressure wave at the right common femoral artery. From univariate analysis, age, diabetes mellitus (DM), hypertension, waist, waist-to-hip ratio, total cholesterol-to-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio, systolic BP (SBP), pulse pressure (PP) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) showed significant association with PWV. To avoid multiple colinearity among SBP, PP and MAP, we performed multiple regression analysis predicting PWV thrice. Age, DM and each BP were significantly and consistently correlated to PWV. In the first and third modules, compared to age, SBP and MAP were less strong predictors, respectively. However, PP was the stronger predictor than age and DM in the second module. Lastly, we simultaneously forced MAP and PP with other variables in the fourth multivariate analysis. Age, DM and PP remained significantly correlated with PWV, but the significance of MAP was lost. This is the first invasive study to suggest that PP has the strongest correlation with PWV among a variety of BP parameters.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Variations of formaldehyde and VOC levels during 3 years in new and older homes.

UNLABELLED: Indoor air organic compounds were continuously monitored during 3 years in new and older homes which were voluntarily selected throughout countries. The levels of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the new homes decreased markedly after 1 year, and steady emissions of VOCs were obtained in the initial months. Formaldehyde and a-pinene related to wooden materials need a longer flushing period than the other compounds in the new homes. The levels of the indoor air organic compounds in the older homes showed no significant fluctuation during the 3-year period. Decreases of the indoor-produced compounds in the new homes did not depend upon the ventilation systems. The results indicate that the indoor-produced compounds in the new homes will be more influenced by the aging decreases of emission source strengths than ventilation systems. The quantitative information on the trend of the indoor air organic compound levels will be useful for the risk assessment of indoor exposure to those compounds, and also for Japanese IAQ guidelines. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: The initial levels of VOCs in the new homes decreased dramatically and were close to the mean values for the older homes after one year. The results suggest that steady emissions of VOCs are obtained within initial months. However, formaldehyde and a-pinene did not follow the trend for VOCs, particularly in the wooden framed houses. The results tend to suggest that formaldehyde and a-pinene related to wooden materials will need more long a flushing period than other compounds in the new homes. Decreasing tendency of indoor air organic compound levels in the new homes did not appear to show any dependency upon the ventilation systems over the whole period. Absence of data for ventilation rates in the houses dose not permit interpretation of the relation between ventilation rates and indoor air organic compound levels with statistical certainty, but the results suggest that indoor air organic compound levels in the homes will be more influenced by emission source strengths than ventilation systems. The levels of indoor air organic compounds in the new homes are sufficiently decreased according to the ageing decreases of organic compounds when the home is ventilated with adequate quantities.

Air Pollutants↗
PubMed2006

The addition of induction chemotherapy with etoposide, ifosfamide, and cisplatin failed to improve therapeutic outcome of concurrent chemoradiotherapy in patients with locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer -- single institution retrospective analysis.

Although chemoradiotherapy (CRT) is a standard treatment for unresectable locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), the optimal sequencing remains to be determined. We retrospectively compared the treatment results of induction chemotherapy followed by concurrent CRT (induction group, 32 patients) with those of concurrent CRT alone (concurrent group, 41 patients) in unresectable stage IIIA/IIIB NSCLC patients. In induction group, 2 cycles of induction chemotherapy (etoposide/ifosfamide/cisplatin: 24 patients, others: 8 patients) were followed by concurrent CRT (60 Gy/30 fractions, 6 mg/m2 of cisplatin daily), while the same concurrent CRT was administered in concurrent group. Clinicopathologic characteristics including age, weight loss, histologic types, and clinical stage did not show significant differences between two groups except for a higher proportion of patients with ECOG performance status 2 in concurrent group (3% vs. 27%, p=0.015). Overall toxicity was generally acceptable with 1 treatment-related death from tracheoesophageal fistula in induction group. The response rates after concurrent CRT were 41% for induction group and 54% for concurrent group, which showed no significant difference (p=0.560). With median follow-up of 13 (1-92) months, there was a trend toward an advantage for concurrent group in median progression-free survival (6 months vs 8.3 months, p=0.067) and overall survival (12 months vs. 14.5 months, p=0.059). In multivariate analysis, only more than 10% weight loss within 6 months was significantly associated with poor survival (p=0.001). In conclusion, the addition of induction chemotherapy to concurrent CRT did not show any advantage over concurrent CRT alone in locally advanced NSCLC.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed2006

Concurrent chemoradiotherapy in patients with nasopharyngeal cancer: prognostic significance of low expression of bax.

A randomized trial has demonstrated that concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CRT) is superior to radiotherapy (RT) alone in locally advanced nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC). Our study comprise 35 patients with locally advanced NPC (stage I: 1, II: 12, III: 7, IV: 15) with 1 cycle of induction chemotherapy (5-fluorouracil 1,000 mg/m(2)/day and cisplatin 20 mg/m(2)/day, days 1- 4) followed by concurrent CRT starting on day 22. Concurrent CRT consisted of RT (70 Gy/35 fractions for 7 weeks) with cisplatin 20 mg/m(2)/day for 4 days on weeks 1, 4, 7 of RT. Complete response (CR) was achieved in 33 patients (94%). Four-year progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) of all patients were 57% and 65%, respectively. In analysis of prognostic factors, low expression of bax was the most significant independent predictor of poor prognosis in both PFS (p=0.002) and OS (p=0.008). In conclusion, the outcome of patients treated with this combined therapeutical modality appears to be comparable with that of Intergroup 0099 trial with high CR rate. Low expression of bax was significantly associated with poor PFS and OS.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Phase II study of concurrent chemoradiotherapy with capecitabine and cisplatin in patients with locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck.

We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of concurrent chemoradiotherapy with capecitabine and cisplatin in patients with locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN). In total, 37 patients with stage III or IV SCCHN were enrolled on the study. The chemotherapy consisted of two cycles of intravenous cisplatin of 80 mg m(-2) on day 1 and oral capecitabine 825 mg m(-2) twice daily from day 1 to day 14 at 3-week intervals. The radiotherapy (1.8-2.0 Gy 1 fraction day(-1) to a total dose of 70-70.2 Gy) was delivered to the primary tumour site and neck. The primary tumour sites were as follows: oral cavity (n=6), oropharynx (n=11), hypopharynx (n=8), larynx (n=3), nasopharynx (n=6), and paranasal sinus (n=3). After the chemoradiotherapy, 29 complete responses (78.4%) and 6 partial responses (16.2%) were confirmed. Grade 3 or 4 neutropenia occurred only in two patients, plus grade 3 febrile neutropenia was observed only in one patient. At a median follow-up duration of 19.8 months, the estimated overall survival and progression-free survival rate at 2-year was 76.8 and 57.9%, respectively. Concurrent chemoradiotherapy with capecitabine and cisplatin was found to be well tolerated and effective in patients with locally advanced SCCHN.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Intracisternal administration of chemokines facilitated formalin-induced behavioral responses in the orofacial area of freely moving rats.

The present study investigated the effects of intracisternal administration of MCP-1, Rantes or IL-8 on pain transmission in the orofacial area. We also investigated mechanisms of hyperalgesic responses produced by intracisternal administration of IL-8. An orofacial formalin test was employed to assess the effects of chemokines on nociceptive processing. For each animal, the number of behavioral responses and the time spent grooming, rubbing and/or scratching the facial region proximal to the formalin injection site was recorded for nine successive 5-min intervals. Intracisternal administration of MCP-1, Rantes or IL-8 significantly increased formalin-induced scratching behavioral responses in the orofacial area. Intracisternal pretreatment with indomethacin, a non-selective cyclooxygenase inhibitor, did not block IL-8-induced hyperalgesia. Pretreatment with 100 microg propranolol, a non-selective beta-adrenergic receptor antagonist and 50 microg atenolol, a selective beta(1)-adrenergic receptor antagonist, inhibited the number of scratches and the duration of scratching produced by 1 ng of IL-8 injected intracisternally. These results indicate that intracisternal administration of chemokines produce a hyperalgesic response with an orofacial inflammatory pain model and that the IL-8-induced hyperalgesia is mediated by central beta(1)-adrenergic receptor.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed2005

Direct observation of the formation of polar nanoregions in Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3 using neutron pair distribution function analysis.

Using neutron pair distribution function analysis over the temperature range from 1000 to 15 K, we demonstrate the existence of local polarization and the formation of medium-range, polar nanoregions (PNRs) with local rhombohedral order in a prototypical relaxor ferroelectric Pb(Mg(1/3)Nb(2/3))O3. We estimate the volume fraction of the PNRs as a function of temperature and show that this fraction steadily increases from 0% to a maximum of approximately 30% as the temperature decreases from 650 to 15 K. Below T approximately 200 K the volume fraction of the PNRs becomes significant, and PNRs freeze into the spin-glass-like state.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2005

Calcified intervertebral disc herniation in a child with myelopathy treated with laminoplasty.

STUDY DESIGN: Case report. OBJECTIVE: To describe a case of pediatric calcified intervertebral disc herniations at the cervical-thoracic junction surgically treated with laminoplasty. METHODS: A 13-year-old girl with calcified intervertebral disc herniations at C7/Th1 and Th1/2 causing myelopathy was performed with laminoplasty . RESULTS: Postoperative course was without complication, and the neurologic examination returned to a completely normal state at 5 years to date after surgery. CONCLUSIONS: Laminoplasty produced an excellent result and is a consideration for treatment of similar cases of calcified intervertebral disc herniation.

Calcinosis↗
PubMed2005

Role of cytokines in preterm labor and birth.

Preterm birth (defined as delivery prior to 37 weeks' gestation) complicates 5-10% of all births. It is a major cause of perinatal mortality and morbidity. Approximately 20% of all preterm births are iatrogenic resulting from obstetric intervention for maternal and/or fetal indications. Of the remainder, 2/3 are spontaneous preterm labor with or without preterm premature rupture of the membranes (pPROM). Preterm labor is a syndrome rather than a diagnosis since the etiologies are varied. Risk factors include, among others, pPROM, cervical insufficiency, pathologic uterine distention (polyhydramnios, multiple gestation), uterine anomalies, intrauterine infection/inflammation, and social factors (stress, smoking, heavy work). The final common pathway appears to be activation of the inflammatory cascade. Bacterial colonization and/or inflammation of the choriodecidual interface induces production of pro-inflammatory cytokines that, in turn, lead to neutrophil activation and the synthesis and release of uterotonins such as prostaglandins (which cause uterine contractions) and metalloproteinases (that weaken fetal membranes and remodel cervical collagen). This monograph reviews the role of cytokines in the pathophysiology of preterm labor and delivery.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

An implication of hypertriglyceridemia in the progression of diabetic nephropathy in metabolically obese, normal weight patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Korea.

This study was undertaken to investigate diverse risk factors affecting the progression of diabetic nephropathy (DN) by observing the changes of 24 h urinary albumin excretion (24 h UAE) in 90 abdominally obese, normal weight, type 2 diabetic patients with normo- or micro-albuminuria. Patients were divided into three groups according to the 24h UAE; normo-, micro-, and macro-albuminuria group. After 4 years of follow-up, patients were divided into either progression or non-progression group according to the changes of 24 h UAE. About 37% of the normo-albuminuria group and 18% of the micro-albumiuria group were classified into the progression group. The initial serum creatinine levels and the initial and follow-up post-prandial plasma glucose levels were significantly higher in the progression group than in the non-progression group. Most remarkably, the initial and follow-up serum triglyceride (TG) levels (190 +/- 132 versus 132 +/- 49 mg/dl and 191 +/- 124 versus 133 +/- 41 mg/dl, P < 0.01 in both) were significantly higher in the progression group than in the non-progression group, suggesting hypertriglyceridemia might be included in the progression factors of DN. The increases in 24-hour UAE were positively associated with the initial and follow-up post-prandial plasma glucose levels (P < 0.05 in both), the initial and follow-up serum creatinine levels (P < 0.05 in both), and the initial serum TG levels (P < 0.05). Whereas, insulin users or patients with retinopathy at follow-up (P < 0.05 in both) showed more rapid progression of albuminuria, ACE inhibitors or acarbose (P < 0.05 in both) use turned out to protect against it.

Albuminuria↗
PubMed2004

Polymorphism p53 codon-72 and invasive cervical cancer: a meta-analysis.

OBJECTIVES: Although some studies have reported that the arginine isoform on codon 72 of p53 increases the susceptibility to invasive cervical cancer, such data remain controversial. The objective of this study was to quantitatively summarize the evidence for such a relationship. METHODS: Our data sources consisted of a MEDLINE search of the literature published before December 2002, bibliography review, and expert consultation. Thirty-seven studies met the inclusion criteria. Information on sample size, study design, Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, and method of genotype determination was abstracted by two reviewers using a standardized protocol. The overall odds ratio (OR) of the p53 gene on invasive cervical cancer was estimated using the Mantel-Haenzel method. RESULTS: The overall OR (95% confidence interval) for cervical cancer among those with the homozygous mutant (Arg/Arg) was 1.2 (1.1-1.3, P=0.001) compared with those with the heterozygous mutant (Arg/Pro). By a cellular type of cervical cancer, the overall OR among those with Arg/Arg was statistically significant in adenocarcinomas (1.7, 1.1-2.6, P=0.024), but not in squamous cell carcinomas (1.1, 0.9-1.2, P=0.960), compared with Pro/Pro. Compared with Arg/Pro, the OR among those with Arg/Arg was statistically significant in HPV types 16 (1,5, 1.2-2.0, P=0.002). CONCLUSIONS: Overall, the p53 gene was associated with increased risk for invasive cervical cancer. However, the risk varied by country, cellular, and HPV type.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed2004

Comparative analysis on the 5'-untranslated region of bovine viral diarrhea virus isolated in Korea.

Samples of 249 bovine abortuses, one intestine, and four diarrheal stools from 254 cows were collected, and bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) was detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Subsequently, virus isolation was preformed with PCR-positive samples, and then PCR product of 5(')-untranslated region (UTR) of BVDV isolate was sequenced and analyzed. Among the samples collected, 20 (from 17 bovine abortuses, one intestine, and two diarrheal stools) were positive for BVDV RT-PCR; four BVDVs (from two bovine abortuses, one intestine, and one diarrheal stool) were isolated. When the four isolates were biotyped in cell culture, one BVDV isolate from a bovine abortus was cytopathic and the others were non-cytopathic. In addition, three isolates were genotyped as BVDV-1 and one isolate from a diarrheal stool as BVDV-2. In phylogenetic analysis, it suggested that the BVDV-2 isolate in Korea is closer to the North American strains than Asian strains. This is the first report on the identification and isolation of BVDV-2 in Korea.

5' Untranslated Regions↗
PubMed2004

Discrepancy of interleukin-6 levels between end-stage renal disease patients and patients with acute-phase response with increased lipoprotein(a) concentrations.

Though the concentration of serum lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] is mostly determined by genetic factors, secondary factors such as acute-phase response (APR) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) also contribute to its increase. Lp(a) is known to be one of the acute-phase reactants and interleukin-6 (IL-6) is the key cytokine in the hepatic synthesis of acute-phase proteins. The serum concentrations of Lp(a) and IL-6 were measured in patients with APR and in patients with ESRD to investigate the relationship between Lp(a) and IL-6. A total of 180 patients were selected for the study: 60 patients were normal controls, 60 were patients with renal disease who had been on hemodialysis for more than 6 months [C-reactive protein (CRP)<4.0 mg/L], and 60 were APR patients who had a erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) of over 50 mm/h. The three groups were age- and sex matched. The serum concentrations of Lp(a) and IL-6 were measured by ELISA. The serum concentrations of Lp(a) [median (interquartile range)] in normal controls, ESRD patients, and APR patients were 0.222 (0.103-0.364) g/L, 0.511 (0.308-0.755) g/L, and 0.546 (0.234-0.747) g/L, respectively; those of IL-6 were 1.0 (0.7-1.3) pg/mL, 2.1 (1.4-3.3) pg/mL, and 26.2 (15.2-35.6) pg/mL. The concentration of IL-6, which increases Lp(a) synthesis, was much lower in ESRD patients than in APR patients (p<0.001). However, there were no significant differences in Lp(a) concentration between the two groups (p=0.88). In APR patients, the increase in Lp(a) synthesis seems to play a significant role in the increase in blood Lp(a), but there might be different mechanisms that regulate the increment of serum Lp(a) concentrations in ESRD patients other than synthesis of Lp(a).

Acute-Phase Reaction↗
PubMed2004

Exposure to the mixtures of organic compounds in homes in Japan.

UNLABELLED: The aim of the study reported herein was to characterize occupants' simultaneous exposure to mixtures of organic compounds in homes. Statistical distributions for concentrations of 28 organic compounds (17 VOCs and 11 aldehydes) measured in 1417 homes were generated to analyze concentration distributions. Three candidate distributions were identified for fitting the measured data: log-normal, exponential and gamma distributions. It appears from the results of fitting tests that gamma distributions are capable of representing 28 compound concentrations. Probability distributions show that formaldehyde and acetaldehyde ranged from 25 to 220 microg/m3 at 90% probabilities and most VOCs ranged from 3 to 80 microg/m3 at 90% probabilities. In order to characterize the occupant's exposure to the mixtures, the joint probability distributions of organic compounds were generated from the best-fitted distributions of individual compounds under the assumption that concentrations of organic compounds are mutually independent in homes. These joint distributions provided the statistical data for characterizing the occupant's exposure to the mixtures of organic compounds in homes. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: Occupants often encounter not just one compound in indoor environments, but many compounds due to their concurrent emissions from several sources. This paper describes characteristics of statistical distributions for concentrations of 17 VOCs and 11 aldehydes in homes in Japan. After applying a probability model to the occupants' simultaneous exposure to mixtures of organic compounds, the authors interpret the current state of the occupant's exposure to the mixtures within homes using joint probability distributions of 28 organic compounds.

Acetaldehyde↗
PubMed2004

Hydrocele of the canal of Nuck in a girl: ultrasound and MR appearance.

Hydrocele of the canal of Nuck is a rare condition in females. A small evagination of parietal peritoneum forms the canal of Nuck. Failure of complete obliteration of the canal results in either an indirect inguinal hernia or a hydrocele of the canal of Nuck. We present a case in a 7-year-old girl. On ultrasound, there was a comma-shaped cyst with the tail directed cranially toward the inguinal canal. The cyst had no internal echoes and demonstrated increased through transmission. Coronal and axial MR showed a thin walled cystic mass.

Child↗
PubMed2004

Effects of rancidity and free fatty acids in choice white grease on growth performance and nutrient digestibility in weanling pigs.

Two experiments were conducted to determine the effects of rancidity and FFA in choice white grease (CWG) on growth performance and nutrient digestibility in nursery pigs. In Exp. 1,150 crossbred pigs (average initial BW of 6.8 kg and average initial age of 21 d) were used. Treatments (as-fed basis) were a corn-soybean meal-based control with no added fat, 6% CWG, and 6% CWG heated at 80 degrees C, with oxygen gas bubbled through it at 849 mL/min for 5, 7, 9, or 11 d. Peroxide value for the CWG increased as oxidative exposure was increased from 0 to 7 d (i.e., peroxide values of 1, 40, and 105 mEq/kg for d 0, 5, and 7, respectively), but decreased to 1 mEq/kg as the hydroperoxides decomposed after 9 and 11 d of oxidation. Pigs fed the control diet (no added fat) had the same (P = 0.91) overall ADG (d 0 to 35) but lower G:F (P < 0.04) than pigs fed diets with added fat. As for the effects of fat quality, ADG (linear effect, P < 0.01) and ADFI (linear effect, P < 0.001) decreased as the fat was made more rancid. However, there were no changes in digestibility of fatty acids as the rancidity of the fat was increased (P = 0.16), suggesting that the negative effects of rancidity were from decreased food intake and not decreased nutrient utilization. In Exp. 2, 125 crossbred pigs (average initial BW of 6.2 kg and average initial age of 21 d) were used to determine the effects of FFA in CWG on the growth performance and nutrient digestibility in nursery pigs. Treatments (as-fed basis) were a corn-soybean meal-based control with no added fat, 6% CWG, and 6% CWG that had been treated with 872, 1,752 or 2,248 lipase units/g of fat. The FFA concentrations in the CWG were increased from 2% with no lipase added to 18, 35, and 53% as lipase additions were increased. Pigs fed the control diet (no added fat) had the same (P = 0.30) overall ADG (d 0 to 33) but lower G:F (P < 0.01) than pigs fed diets with added fat. There were no effects of FFA concentration on ADG (P = 0.18), and ADFI increased (linear effect, P < 0.04) as FFA concentration in the CWG increased. Fatty acid digestibility was not affected (P = 0.17) by FFA in the diet. In conclusion, our data suggest that as fat is oxidized (especially to peroxide values greater than 40 mEq/kg), ADG and ADFI in nursery pigs will decrease; however, FFA concentrations of at least 53% do not adversely affect utilization of CWG in nursery pigs.

Animal Feed↗
PubMed2004

[Primary malignant lymphoma of the rib; report of a case].

We experienced a rare case of primary malignant lymphoma of the rib. The case was a 67-year-old female. An abnormal shadow of the chest X-ray was pointed out. Preoperative diagnosis was extrapulmonary lesion on the chest computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The tumor accompanied with chest wall resection was done. The tumor cell was appeared in the bone marrow diffusely. The tumor invaded the canal of bone cortex and expanded the neighbor tissue. Histologically tumor was diagnosis of the malignant lymphoma, diffuse large B-cell type, stained by negative in L 26, positive in CD 43, positive in CD 79 a, negative in UCHL-1, and negative in CD 3. EBV-encoded small RNAs (EBERs) and EBV-EBNA 2 was negative. This tumor was not able to proved to Epstein-Bar virus.

Aged↗