PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

J S Wei

Publications and source records attributed to J S Wei.

32 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Effect of long-term alcohol ingestion on the femoral head of rabbit.

Twenty New Zealand rabbits were chosen for this study (5 for controls and 15 for the alcohol group). In the alcohol group, each rabbit was fed with rice wine (2 g/kg/day alcohol) for 1 year. Bone marrow pressure of the femoral basal neck, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), liver functions, uric acid, triglyceride, cholesterol, amylase, and blood alcohol level were measured at 0 day, 6 months and 1 year. Finally, the rabbits were sacrificed at the end of the study. The livers and femoral heads were examined for pathology. The bone volume and fat cell size of the femoral head were measured with a computerized "Bone Scanner". The results (1 year comparison) were a significantly higher level of cholesterol in the alcohol group (72 +/- 40 mg% vs 26 +/- 8 mg%, p less than 0.05) and greater bone marrow pressure (27.71 +/- 8.97 mmHg vs 18.20 +/- 4.09 mmHg, p less than 0.05), and no significant difference in triglyceride, uric acid and liver function, ESR, etc., when using Student's 2-tailed t-test. Liver changes (fatty liver) occurred in 3 animals in the alcohol group. The effect of alcohol on the trabecular bone volume was not significant (51.5 +/- 4.6 vol.% vs 50.0 +/- 5.2 vol.%), but the average fat cell size of the femoral head was significantly larger than that for normal controls (2,745 +/- 605 mu2 vs 2,185 +/- 458 mu2, p less than 0.05).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Alcoholism↗
PubMed1991

Rapid laser nephelometric determination of amylase activity in serum and urine.

We describe herein a rapid and sensitive laser nephelometric method for the determination of serum and urinary amylase activities. Our data showed that the change in relative light scattering (RLS) of an amylopectin substrate measured by a laser nephelometer related directly with amylolytic activity of amylase from 50 to 600 IU/L. Within-run variations at 293 and 769 IU/L sera showed CV's of 5.0% and 3.1%, respectively. Day-to-day variation for the same sera showed CV's of 7.2% and 4.7%, respectively. Correlation studies using the manual Phadebas dye-starch complex method and with the Roche amylochrome method showed correlation coefficients of 0.99 and 0.95, respectively. Using urine specimens, the correlation studies also showed a correlation coefficient of 0.98. These studies indicated that the proposed method was sensitive, fast, economical and easily adaptable to emergency and routine applications.

Amylases↗
PubMed1990

Quantitative determination of high molecular weight alkaline phosphatase in patients with colorectal cancer by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.

We present a new method for the quantitative determination of high molecular weight alkaline phosphatase (ALP). This method consists of electrophoretic separation on polyacrylamide, incubation of the ALP isoenzymes with substrate, gel drying and quantitative evaluation by densitometric measurement. This method separates high molecular weight ALP from the other isoenzymes. Precision of the method is calculated by the coefficient of variation ranging from 1.2 to 9.5% for samples with different high molecular weight ALP values. The diagnostic sensitivity for detecting colorectal cancer is 60%.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1990

Diagnostic efficacy of a monoclonal antibody-based immunoenzymetric technique for quantitation of creatine kinase MB isoenzyme in serum.

The clinical usefulness of the Tandem-E CK-MB method (A) using two monoclonal antibodies to measure the intact cardiac specific creatine kinase isoenzyme (CK-MB) was evaluated against results obtained by Corning's electrophoretic fluorescence scanning method (B) and the DuPont aca mechanized column chromatographic method (C). In 95 patients suspected to have myocardial infarction, a total of 127 CK's with MB's were simultaneously determined by methods "A", "B", and "C". "C" produced a total of 16.5% (21 out of 127) false-negative or false-positive results. In contrast, CK-MB results obtained by "A" correlated very well with those determined by "B" (r = 0.97; N = 64). In addition, the clinical course of myocardial infarction as monitored by the measurement of CK-MB at various time intervals by both methods showed excellent parallelism. Furthermore, "A" was shown to be free of interference from the presence of macro CK type I and II. Also, the presence of increasing concentrations of CK-BB (up to 29 IU/L) did not alter the assay response of CK-MB in these serum samples. In conclusion, we found the Tandem-E CK-MB method to be sensitive (sensitivity = 94%) and specific (specificity = 96%).

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1989

The effect of vitamin B2 and its derivatives on a dry-reagent strip theophylline assay.

This report describes the effect of flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) and its precursor vitamin B2 on an apoenzyme reactivation immunoassay system (ARIS) both in vitro and in vivo. It was observed that 10 nM/L FAD in the buffer causes a false-positive result in ARIS for theophylline by the value of 94 microM/L, whereas vitamin B2, flavin mononucleotide, adenosine, adenosine monophosphate, and adenosine diphosphate (ADP) at the same concentration caused no such effect. Nevertheless, ADP at 2 microM/L can cause a drop in theophylline reading of 55 microM/L. However, the sera from four volunteers with normal liver functions who had taken 30 mg of vitamin B2 daily for a week showed no effect on theophylline reading.

False Positive Reactions↗
PubMed1989

Biliary alkaline phosphatase measured by mini-column chromatography on DEAE-cellulose: application to detection of hepatobiliary diseases.

Using chromatography on diethylaminoethyl (DEAE) cellulose, we measured biliary alkaline phosphatase (BALP; EC 3.1.3.1) activities in sera from 182 patients, most with hepatobiliary disorders but some with non-hepatobiliary diseases. Relative BALP activities were extremely low in otherwise healthy carriers of hepatitis B virus (mean: 5.4 U/L) and in patients with non-hepatobiliary diseases (mean: 5.3 U/L). Although BALP activities were detectable in some cases of liver cirrhosis and chronic hepatitis, these values were generally low (respective means: 12.6 and 12.0 U/L). High BALP activities were detected in patients with primary hepatocellular carcinoma, secondary metastatic liver tumors, and obstructive jaundice: mean values were 27.2, 37.2, and 73.6 U/L, respectively. There was no correlation between BALP activity and bilirubin concentration in patients with obstructive jaundice, nor between BALP activities in obstructive jaundice caused by stones and in those caused by extrahepatic tumor. Some patients with primary hepatocellular carcinoma had high BALP but low alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) values, some others the reverse. Based on AFP alone, the sensitivity for detecting hepatocellular carcinoma was 79%; adding BALP in parallel improved the sensitivity to 97%. We found minicolumn chromatography on DEAE-cellulose useful for determining BALP activity in hepatobiliary diseases.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Simple enzymatic determination of total cholesterol in gallstones.

In this simple method for rapid enzymatic determination of total cholesterol in human gallstones, gallstone powder is dissolved in an 80/20 by vol mixture of N,N-dimethylformamide and dimethyl sulfoxide and reacted directly with the aqueous enzymatic reagent, without further treatment. The organic solvents do not interfere with enzymatic activities of cholesterol oxidase, esterase, and peroxidase in the assay mixture. The method is reproducible (CVs 3.7% to 6.6%), analytical recoveries ranged from 98.6% to 102%, and linearity is good. Furthermore, results correlated well with those obtained by infrared spectroscopic measurements.

Cholelithiasis↗
PubMed1977

Substrate selectivity of squalene synthetase.

Six 1-3H-labeled analogues of farnesyl pyrophosphate have been studied as potential substrates for yeast and rat liver squalene synthetases: 2-methylfarnesyl pyrophosphate (4), 3-demethylfarnesyl pyrophosphate (5), 7,11-dimethyl-3-ethyl-2,6,10-dodecatrienyl pyrophosphate (6), 6,7,10,11-tetrahydrofarnesyl pyrophosphate (7), 4-methylthiofarnesyl pyrophosphate (8), and 4-fluorofarnesyl pyrophosphate (9). Analogues 4 and 5 are enzymatically incorporated into 11-methylsqualene (10) and 10-demethylsqualene (11), respectively, even if no farnesyl pyrophosphate is added to the incubations. None of the other analogues gives nonpolar products with either the yeast or liver enzymes. No tritium is enzymatically released to the medium from any of the analogues, indicating that they are not accepted at the first (proton exchanging) site. The data rule out formation of dead-end presqualene pyrophosphate products with analogues as first, but not as second, substrates. Implications of these results for the enzyme active-site topology and mechanism are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Inhibition of squalene synthetase by farnesyl pyrophosphate analogues.

The pyrophosphates of the following farnesol analogues have been synthesized: 2-methylfarnesol; 7,11-dimethyl-3-ethyl-2,6,10-dodecatrien-1-ol; 3-demethylfarnesol; 4-methylthiofarnesol; 7,11-dimethyl-3-iodo-2,6,10-dodecatrien-1-ol; 7,11-dimethyl02-iodo-2,6,10-dodecatrien-1-ol; 7,11-dimethyldodeca-6,10-dien-2-yn-1-ol; phytol; 3,7,11-trimethyl-2-dodecen-1-ol; 3,7,11-trimethyldodecan-1-ol; and geraniol. The double bonds in all the above compounds were in the E configuration, except phytol, which was a 7:3 mixture of 2E and 2Z isomers. Each of the pyrophosphates inhibits the incorporation of labeled farnesyl pyrophosphate into squalene by a yeast enzyme preparation. Free alcohols and monophosphates are inactive. The analogues, listed in order of decreasing inhibitory strength, are, by kinetic analysis, competitive or mixed inhibitors. Irreversible inhibition is not observed. The results suggest that binding to the enzyme is primarily mediated by the pyrophosphate moiety assisted by relatively nonspecific lipophilic interactions. Decreasing the chain length and saturating double bonds severely reduces binding, while substitution at the 2,3, and 4 positions, and lengthening of the chain, is well tolerated.

Diphosphates↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The effect of decoction of Artemisia, Rheum, and Gardeniae in a piglet model of hyperbilirubinemia.

To find an alternative treatment for neonatal hyperbilirubinemia, the effect of a decoction of Artemisia Rheum Gardeniae was tested in an animal model. Fifteen male newborn piglets (four to six days old) were separated into three groups (five piglets/group). The animals of the first group, or Control Group, were intravenously infused with purified bilirubin (40 mg/kg) to simulate neonatal indirect hyperbilirubinemia. The animals of the second and the third groups received the decoction via oral-gastric tube feeding (Enteral Treatment Group) and intravenous injection (Parenteral Treatment Group), respectively, after infusion of bilirubin. Serum bilirubin levels were determined at 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4 and 8 hours in these groups. The results revealed no significant effect of the decoction on hyperbilirubinemia within eight hours. The implication of this study suggests that a decoction of Artemisia Rheum Gardeniae may be not useful in the treatment of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia.

Animals↗