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Biomedical subjects

J S Wells

Publications and source records attributed to J S Wells.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1995

Health care rationing: nursing perspectives.

Ideas currently postulated around the way health care should be delivered and costs controlled, often referred to as health care rationing, are increasingly coming to dominate the agenda of health care in the 1990s. British nursing has yet to take a noticeably visible role in this debate, despite the fact that it poses a serious dilemma for a profession whose cultural ethos has been shaped by the concepts of universal access and comprehensiveness of care and is wedded to the idea of holism. In the USA debate amongst nurses is further advanced and whilst this discourse may be of limited value to British nursing, owing to a differing historical and cultural attitude to health care, recent changes to the organizational values in the NHS are leading to similar issues arising already faced by American nurses. This paper considers the broad parameters of the debate on health care rationing and examines how these parameters have been reflected within relevant North American and British nursing literature, pointing both to similar and differentiating factors between the two countries.

Beneficence↗
PubMed1995

Discontent without focus? An analysis of nurse management and activity on a psychiatric in-patient facility using a 'soft systems' approach.

Psychiatric nursing in the United Kingdom is undergoing major change as a consequence of the policy of community care. Whilst much has been written about the role of the community psychiatric nurse (CPN), less has been said about the preparedness of nurses in in-patient facilities to adapt to the changes. Checkland's (1981) 'soft systems' methodology was used to analyse the situational environment on an acute admission unit. It was found that an increased sense of accountability, combined with the demands of the Mental Health Act 1983, led the ward manager to develop a system, particularly in relation to discharge planning, in which his role was central. This left the ward staff feeling unrecognized and insufficiently experienced in a vital aspect of patient care. Lack of support from the college of nursing and inadequate staff development programmes were also found to have played a part in the situation. The use of reflection in action is recommended as a way of initiating changes in structure, processes and attitudes. Wider inferences are drawn concerning the competence of registered mental nurses (RMNs) practising in in-patient facilities, and the role of the colleges of nursing in operating effectively in the new care and market paradigms.

Communication↗
PubMed1994

Manumycins E, F and G, new members of manumycin class antibiotics, from Streptomyces sp.

Three new manumycin class antibiotics, namely manumycins E, F and G, were isolated from the culture broth of Streptomyces sp. strain WB-8376. Their structures were established by spectroscopic methods, and the S configuration of C-4 in the epoxycyclohexenone moiety was determined by CD exciton chirality method for each of the three compounds. Manumycins E, F and G are active against Gram-positive bacteria, and have moderate inhibitory effects on the farnesylation of p21 ras protein. They demonstrated weak cytotoxic activity against human colon tumor cell HCT-116.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1992

Dactylocyclines, novel tetracycline derivatives produced by a Dactylosporangium sp. I. Taxonomy, production, isolation and biological activity.

A screen for antibiotics with activity against tetracycline-resistant microorganisms has led to the isolation of Dactylosporangium sp. (ATCC 53693), a producer of several novel tetracycline derivatives. The major fermentation products, dactylocyclines A and B, were purified and MIC values determined against tetracycline-resistant and tetracycline-sensitive Gram-positive bacteria. The dactylocyclines represent the first naturally occurring tetracycline C2 amides which lack cross resistance with tetracycline.

Actinomycetales↗
PubMed1988

Aerocavin, a new antibiotic produced by Chromobacterium violaceum.

A new antibiotic, aerocavin, has been isolated from fermentation broths of a non-pigmented strain of Chromobacterium violaceum. The structure 1 was deduced from its spectroscopic properties and X-ray diffraction analysis. Aerocavin exhibits activity in vitro against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1988

Aerocyanidin, a new antibiotic produced by Chromobacterium violaceum.

Aerocyanidin, a new antibiotic containing an isonitrile group, has been isolated from fermentations of Chromobacterium violaceum ATCC 53434. Structure 1 was assigned on the bais of spectroscopic characterization of the antibiotic and of a degradation product that results from treatment with base. The antibiotic is primarily active against Gram-positive bacteria.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1985

Novel potentiators of beta-lactam antibiotics. Isolation of SQ28,504 and SQ28,546 from Chromobacterium violaceum.

Two novel compounds, SQ28,504 and SQ28,546 are produced by Chromobacterium violaceum. These compounds enhance the antibacterial activity of beta-lactam antibiotics against Gram-negative organisms. Both SQ28,504 and SQ28,546 induce morphological changes in the presence of beta-lactam antibiotics. Only SQ28,546 has weak antimicrobial activity against several Gram-negative organisms.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1983

Two new monobactam antibiotics produced by a Flexibacter sp. I. Taxonomy, fermentation, isolation and biological properties.

Two new beta-lactam antibiotics, namely SQ 28,502 and SQ 28,503, have been isolated from fermentations of a Flexibacter sp. They are demethoxy monobactams with oligopeptide side chains and have molecular weights of 1,462 and 1,446, respectively. These beta-lactams show a high degree of stability to a variety of beta-lactamases and act as potent irreversible inactivators of P99 beta-lactamase from Enterobacter cloacae. They exhibit weak antibacterial activity.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1982

SQ 26,180, a novel monobactam. I Taxonomy, fermentation and biological properties.

Strains of Chromobacterium violaceum, isolated from various environments, were found to produce a novel monocyclic beta-lactam antibiotic. The antibiotic, SQ 26,180 was weakly active against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria with the exception of mutants hypersensitive to beta-lactam antibiotics. The compound was highly stable to beta-lactamases and acted as an inhibitor of the P99 enzyme from Enterobacter cloacae. SQ 26,180 showed affinity for penicillin-binding proteins 1a, 4 and 5/6 of Escherichia coli and inhibited R61 DD-carboxypeptidases.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗