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Biomedical subjects

J Santos

Publications and source records attributed to J Santos.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Differential expression of DNAseI-sensitive sites in metaphase chromosomes of T and B lymphocytes.

Thirty-one recurrent DNAseI-sensitive sites were expressed in G-banded metaphases of cultured T and B lymphocytes. Approximately one-half of these sites were found in both T and B cells and the other half were differentially expressed in the two cell types. The DNAseI-sensitive sites showed a strong correlation with the chromosomal gene location of T-cell receptors, interleukins produced by lymphocytes, and mapped surface antigens involved in the activation/proliferation of lymphocytes. The findings suggest that the chromatin of these very active genes remain accessible to DNAseI during cell division, and may help determine their precise chromosomal location.

Antigens, CD↗
PubMed1992

HIV-1 infection among non-intravenous drug user female prostitutes in Spain. No evidence of evolution to pattern II.

OBJECTIVES: To assess the prevalence of HIV-1 infection among non-intravenous drug user (IVDU) female prostitutes in Spain and to determine risk factors for HIV-1 infection in this population. DESIGN: Cross-sectional seroepidemiological study of 519 non-IVDU prostitutes. SETTING: Four university hospitals. METHODS: All participants completed a questionnaire and provided a serum sample. Serum samples were tested for antibodies against HIV-1, hepatitis C virus (HCV) and Treponema pallidum. RESULTS: Twelve out of the 519 (2.31%) participants were HIV-1-seropositive. HIV-1 infection was associated with the presence of both HCV and T. pallidum antibodies, multiple sex partners, longer history of prostitution, history of genital ulcers and anal intercourse. Condom use was associated with HIV-1 seronegativity. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of HIV-1 infection in non-IVDU prostitutes in Spain remains relatively low. Risk increases with a higher rate of sexual exposure and practices such as anal intercourse and unprotected coitus.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Use of polymerase chain reaction and nonradioactive DNA probes to diagnose Entamoeba histolytica in clinical samples.

E. histolytica parasites in Mexican children's stools were identified and typed as pathogenic or non-pathogenic using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and nonradioactive probes. PCRs were performed with primers specific for 145 base pair (bp) pathogenic or 133 bp non-pathogenic DNA sequences, which are highly repeated in E. histolytica parasites with pathogenic or non-pathogenic isoenzyme patterns, respectively. Dot-blotted PCR products were identified with a horseradish peroxidase-conjugated oligonucleotide probe specific for either the 145 bp pathogenic or 133 bp non-pathogenic sequences. The PCR and the 145 bp pathogenic probe correctly identified eight cultures with pathogenic isoenzyme types and none of nine cultures with non-pathogenic isoenzyme. The PCR and 133 bp non-pathogenic probe identified all of the non-pathogenic cultures, none of the axenized pathogenic cultures, and three of five xenic cultures with pathogenic isoenzymes. The two probes together identified all 49 stools containing E. histolytica by light microscopy (sensitivity = 1.0), which represented the entire set of the E. histolytica-positive stools diagnosed at the Hospital Infantil over a 10 week period. Most patient isolates were positive with both 145 bp pathogenic and 133 bp non-pathogenic probes, suggesting that these children, 60% of whom were dysenteric, are infected with mixed populations of amebas.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

"Premorbid" personality of patients with Parkinson's disease.

To elucidate the possible existence of a so called "premorbid parkinsonian personality" we studied 33 patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) and 66 controls who did not differ in age, sex, geographic origin, and cultural level, with the Spanish version of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI). Females of the PD group obtained significantly higher scores than females of the control group for the scales of hypochondria (p less than 0.01), depression (p less than 0.01), hysteria (p less than 0.05), and social introversion (p less than 0.01). The scores of the males with PD in all of the clinical scales of MMPI did not differ significantly from those of the male controls. These results, despite the difficulty of interpretation of a test done in a retrospective way, would agree with the hypothesis previously suggested of the possible existence of a "premorbid" parkinsonian personality, at least in females.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

[Cervical aortic arch associated with cardiopathy].

We report five children affected with cervical aortic arch associated with tetralogy of Fallot (2), pulmonary atresia with interventricular septal defect (2) and pulmonary branch stenosis (1). Their ages were between one day and three months when they were diagnosed. With regard to one patient, the diagnosis was clinically suspected before catheterism. In four patients it was an angiographic finding since they didn't present the clinical signs when they underwent catheterism. One of these four patients showed such signs later. Only two cases can be inserted in Haughton classification; the other three can be included in the "unclassified group". Children's present clinical conditions are independent from this very rare anomaly and they depend on the associated heart malformations.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1992

[Anomalous origin of left coronary artery in pulmonary artery].

We report 2 infants aged 6 months and one year with an anomalous left coronary artery origin treated surgically at our centre with direct aortic reimplantation of the anomalous coronary. Evolution has been satisfactory, with a great improvement of ventricular function. The mitral incompetence and congestive heart failure have disappeared and myocardic perfusion electrocardiographic patterns were corrected. Because of the unfavorable natural course of the disease and the improvement in techniques of coronary revascularization in infants we recommend an early surgical treatment as soon as it be diagnosed. We consider that the most adequate surgical treatment is the direct aortic reimplantation of the anomalous coronary artery.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1992

Blepharospasm associated with neurocysticercosis.

We report a case of a 48-year-old woman who had a 4 years history of bilateral blepharospasm. CT-scan showed multiple intracranial calcifications (two of them in the left thalamus) corresponding to neurocysticerosis, and a lacunar infarction in right internal capsule area. To our knowledge this case is the first one reported in the literature of blepharospasm associated with (and perhaps symptomatic of?) neurocysticercosis.

Blepharospasm↗
PubMed1992

[Post-tonsillectomy peritonsillar abscess].

Quinsy cases following tonsillectomy are very rare indeed, as proved by the scarce publications related to the subject. And all of them presented after a long term of years elapsed. From the perusal of the bibliography done by the AA. none of the cases presented close to the operation. The chance to see and treat one case starting from the fourth postoperative day compelled the AA. to report it.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed1991

Restoration of severely damaged teeth with resin bonding systems: case reports.

In cases of severe coronal destruction, conventional dentistry must resort to complex techniques and combinations of prosthetic materials. In addition, execution and placement of the restoration results in more destruction of sound dental tissue. This paper presents an alternative technique that utilizes the adhesive capabilities of new materials in combination with strategic placement of parts of extracted human teeth to achieve better esthetics and more conservation of sound dental tissue.

Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate↗
PubMed1991

[Parkinson's disease and epilepsy].

We report the case of a woman suffering from complex partial seizures who developed Parkinson's disease at the age of 58. Parkinsonian symptoms improved transitorily after complex partial seizures. Although this has been reported after generalized seizures, this case is, to our knowledge, the first description of improvement of parkinsonian symptoms following a complex partial seizure.

Epilepsies, Partial↗
PubMed1990

[Etiology of late-onset epilepsy. A prospective study in an area of rural health care].

A prospective study of 3 years' duration on the etiology of late onset epilepsy was carried out in a rural health area with a population of 135,000. Eighty patients were included. History, neurological physical examination, electroencephalogram, cranial computed tomographic scan (CT) and general laboratory investigations were carried out. The cause of epilepsy was unknown in 51.3% of cases. The most commonly identified causes were cerebrovascular disease (20%), chronic alcohol abuse (10%), tumors of central nervous system (6.3%), neurocysticercosis (6.3%) and post-traumatic epilepsy (2.5%). Our data are compared with those from the previous literature, and the value of cranial CT in the investigation of this clinical condition is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Neural cell adhesion molecule is expressed by smooth muscle cells during the development of the rat vascular system.

The presence and distribution of neural cell adhesion molecule (N-CAM) was examined by light and electron microscopical immunocytochemistry in the descending thoracic aorta, the superior mesenteric artery and mesenteric arteries from fetal and adult rats (embryonic day 15 to post-natal day 90). In embryonic and early post-natal rats, N-CAM immunoreactivity was localized in perivascular nerves, in the smooth muscle cell plasma membrane and basal lamina. In nerves, N-CAM-immunoreactive sites were found associated with both the axon and Schwann cell membranes. N-CAM immunoreactivity was also found associated with the surface of adventitial fibroblast-like cells and with collagen fibrils, in regions where these fibrils were in contact with smooth muscle cells. In mature vessels N-CAM immunoreactivity was found to be restricted to the perivascular innervation and the surface of fibroblast-like cells. These observations indicate that N-CAM is expressed transiently in rat vascular tissues during development and is localized not only on the surface of smooth muscle cells but also in association with extracellular matrix components.

Aging↗
PubMed1989

[Intrafamilial, non-sexual, transmission of the human immunodeficiency virus].

In order to evaluate the possibility of intrafamilial transmission of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), a serological follow up of 104 household family members of HIV seropositive subjects with whom they were not having sexual contacts (SC) was carried out. The coexistence of other risk factors in the studied subjects was excluded. Of the initial seropositive patients (SP), 87.5% showed clinical and immunological alterations that could be attributed to the HIV infection. 32.6% of the SC lived in poor sanitary conditions with their respective SP. 3.8% of the SC shared toothbrushes with the group 29.8% shared shaving blades and 81.7% shared combs o hair brushes. After a 12.35 +/- 5.42 month follow up, none of the SC seroconverted. The results obtained suggest that the possibility of HIV transmission to household family members of HIV infected subjects is extremely unlikely if not impossible.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1989

[Involvement of the basal ganglia and brain stem in infection by Listeria monocytogenes. Anatomo-clinical study].

A case of a patient with haematogeneous infection by listeria monocytogenes, involving the basal and brainstem is reported. Clinically the disease manifested by fever and brainstem syndrome of acute onset. The microscopic examination revealed foci of suppurative encephalitis in the brainstem and basal ganglia. The possible pathogenic mechanisms are discussed. It is emphasized that the association of a febrile syndrome with brainstem dysfunction should raise the possibility of infection of the nervous system by listeria monocytogenes.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Nonspecific suppressor cell function in atopic subjects.

The status of concanavalin A (Con A)--nonspecific suppressor cell function and histamine-receptor--carrying mononuclear cells in 19 allergic and 27 nonallergic individuals was investigated. No differences were detected between the two groups with respect to suppression by Con A--activated suppressor cells of polyvalent Ig biosynthesis, IgG secretion, or mitogen-induced proliferative responses. Histamine-receptor--carrying cells of the allergic subjects were numerically equal to those of the nonallergic subjects. Mononuclear cells from the allergic group, however, required a higher dose of histamine than did those for the nonallergic group to induce suppression in vitro (p less than 0.02 for 10(-4) M histamine and p less than 0.05 for 10(-3) M histamine). Plasma from the allergic group contained higher levels of histamine activity (p less than 0.05). Plasma from either allergic or normal groups did not affect histamine activity in vitro. There are no apparent functional abnormalities of antigen-nonspecific mononuclear cells in the allergic patients with respect to non--IgE-mediated in vitro parameters. The demonstrated dysfunction of histamine-receptor--carrying cells could be attributed to high levels of circulating histamine that could result in receptor modulation in vivo. More work is needed to clarify the status of antigen-nonspecific and antigen-specific suppressor cells that regulate IgE biosynthesis in allergic states.

Adolescent↗