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J Saperia

Publications and source records attributed to J Saperia.

5 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Relationships of maternal and paternal birthweights to features of the metabolic syndrome in adult offspring: an inter-generational study in South India.

AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: The association between lower birthweight and metabolic syndrome may result from fetal undernutrition (fetal programming hypothesis) and/or genes causing both low birthweight and insulin resistance (fetal insulin hypothesis). We studied associations between the birthweight of parents and metabolic syndrome in the offspring. METHODS: We identified men and women (aged 35-68 years), who had been born in Holdsworth Memorial Hospital, Mysore, India. We also identified the offspring (20-46 years) of these men and women. In total, 283 offspring of 193 mothers and 223 offspring of 144 fathers were studied. Investigations included anthropometry, oral glucose tolerance, plasma insulin and lipid concentrations and blood pressure. The metabolic syndrome was defined using WHO criteria. RESULTS: Among the offspring, lower birthweight was associated with an increased risk of glucose intolerance (impaired glucose tolerance, impaired fasting glucose or type 2 diabetes) and higher cholesterol and triacylglycerol concentrations (p < 0.05 for all adjusted for sex and age). Most outcomes in the offspring, including most individual components of the metabolic syndrome, were unrelated to parental birthweight. However, both maternal and paternal birthweight were inversely related to offspring metabolic syndrome (odds ratio [OR] 0.36 [95% CI: 0.13-1.01] per kg, p = 0.053 for mother-offspring pairs; OR 0.26 [0.07-0.93], p = 0.04 for father-offspring pairs, adjusted for offspring age, sex, BMI and socioeconomic status). Maternal birthweight was inversely related to offspring systolic blood pressure (beta = -2.5 mmHg [-5.00 to 0.03] per kg maternal birthweight; p = 0.052). CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION: Factors in both parents may influence the risk of metabolic syndrome in their offspring. There are several possible explanations, but the findings are consistent with the fetal insulin (genetic) hypothesis.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Truncal adiposity is present at birth and in early childhood in South Indian children.

OBJECTIVES: Muscle-thin but adipose ('thin-fat') body composition of south Asian adults contributes to their high risk of type 2 diabetes. Studies in Pune, India showed that this phenotype is present at birth. We aimed to determine if south Indian babies have a 'thin-fat' phenotype and if this persists in childhood. DESIGN: Prospective cohort study. SETTING: Holdsworth Memorial Hospital, Mysore, India. SUBJECTS: Children (n = 663) whose mothers were recruited from the antenatal clinics. METHODS: Weight, length, head, mid-upper-arm, abdominal circumferences; triceps and subscapular skinfolds were measured at birth, one and four years, and compared with white Caucasian babies born in Southampton, UK (birth), and UK and Dutch growth standards (one and four years). RESULTS: Mysore babies were lighter (2983 g vs 3472 g; -1.10 SD, CI -1.16, -1.02) and smaller in all body measurements than UK neonates (P < 0.001). The deficit was greatest for mid-upper-arm (-1.07 SD), head (-0.89 SD) and abdominal circumferences (-0.73 SD), and least for length (-0.25 SD) and subscapular skinfold thickness (-0.19 SD). Predictors of skinfold thickness were maternal body mass index (P < 0.001) and socio-economic status (P = 0.05). At four years, subscapular skinfold thickness was larger than UK (+0.18 SD, CI +0.11, +0.25; P < 0.001) and Dutch standards (+0.61 SD, CI +0.51, +0.71; P < 0.001), despite all other body measurements remaining smaller. Predictors of 4-year skinfold thickness were neonatal skinfold thickness (P = 0.001) and maternal insulin concentrations (P = 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Mysore newborns have a 'thin-fat' phenotype. This may reflect the action of genes and/or the 'maternal environment'. The phenotype persists in childhood, and may be the forerunner of a diabetogenic adult phenotype.

Abdomen↗