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Biomedical subjects

J Sappington

Publications and source records attributed to J Sappington.

11 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1998

Comparisons by sex of psychometric correlates of the MMPI-2 Depression Scale.

Scales of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 were correlated to identify which measures predicted depression among 219 women and 115 men. Despite prevalence data indicating that dysphoria is more common among females than males, sex did not predict MMPI-2 Depression scores in this sample. Masculine Gender Role was negatively predictive of depression for both sexes. High scores on Feminine Gender Role were slightly predictive of depression among men but not among women. An effective strategy for coping with depression involves managing stress causing circumstances as opposed to managing the feelings that result from stress. Persons of either sex who score high on Masculine Gender Role endorse traits that are compatible with the better strategy.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1996

Modeling and role-modeling theory: a case study of holistic care.

To provide holistic care, nurses must attempt to view the world through the clients' eyes. The Theory of Modeling and Role-Modeling (Erickson, Tomlin, & Swain, 1983) enables nurses to care for and nurture each client with an awareness of and respect for the individual's uniqueness. This type of care giving exemplifies theory-based clinical practice that focuses on the clients' needs. Care is offered that recognizes that clients have the knowledge and ability to understand what has made them sick, as well as what will make them well. The authors explore the experiences of a young woman with diabetes mellitus and demonstrate how nursing care based on the Theory of Modeling and Role-Modeling enabled the client to recognize and develop strengths and empowered her to begin the healing process.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1996

Gender, gender role, and drawing skill.

Separate bodies of research suggest that performance in spatial reasoning covaries with gender and with gender role. Typically studies employ a spatial task whose variance is then used to account for differences in scores between gender groups or variance in a measure of gender role. A methodological issue in such research is that the tasks used to represent spatial reasoning may be differentially available or differentially appealing as a function of gender. Also, authors tend to analyze data in terms of either gender or gender role but rarely both. A collection of personality assessments administered to 204 college students each contained a completed Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI-2) and a drawing of a human figure. Within MMPI-2 are three measures of gender role. Drawing talent is unquestionably spatial and has the advantage of being equally available and encouraged among the two genders. Male gender predicted drawing skill. Within both genders, self-perceived masculinity in gender role also predicted higher scores on the drawing skill. Outcomes are seen as compatible with Geschwind and Galaburda's 1987 formulation regarding the behavioral manifestations of fetal androgenization.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Validity of messages from quadriplegic persons with cerebral palsy.

Interpreting gestures from retarded, nonvocal subjects is scientifically risky. Investigators must construe the subject's meaning without reference to an external validity measure. A procedure was devised in which message content was provided to nonvocal, severely palsied quadriplegic subjects in advance. Subjects' responses were limited to yes/no gestures. Another investigator elicited the messages without prior knowledge of their content. Results, which indicated reasonably high correspondence between stimulus messages and messages elicited, suggest that such subjects can present the content of their own phenomenal field accurately and that investigators' interpretations need not be considered imaginary.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Stress on stress.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Group Processes↗
PubMed1977

Reactive schizophrenia and perceptual sensitization.

The perceptual behavior of process and reactive schizophrenics under neutral and stress conditions suggests an hypothesis that the former employ a repressive ego defensive mode in these conditions while reactives employ a sensitization mode. The Repression-Sensitization scale of the MMPI was administered to a sample of hospitalized process and reactive schizophrenics to test the hypothesis. Scores of the process group did not indicate modal repression. Reactives' scores were, however, well toward the sensitization pole and significantly higher than those of the process group. Results support the concept of a sensitization defensive mode as a characteristic dimension in the etiology of reactive schizophrenia.

Adult↗