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Biomedical subjects

J Sauvage

Publications and source records attributed to J Sauvage.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2003

[Iodine nutritional status and risk factors for iodine deficiency in infants and children of the french North department].

INTRODUCTION: Iodine deficiency is responsible for a higher mortality and morbidity in neonates and infants. It has not yet disappeared in European countries, especially in Southern and Eastern Europe. OBJECTIVES: The present study aimed at evaluating the status of iodine nutrition of infants living in the North department (France) and at studying risk factors for iodine deficiency. METHODS: The study was conducted in primary health care centres in 160 healthy infants aged ten days to six years (mean +/- SD: 17.7 +/- 2.5 months). Data included: familial thyroid disease history, type of feeding at inclusion, timing of introduction of complementary foods, nutritional status (weight, height, head and arm circumference), as well as maternal education level and family socio-economical status. Iodine status was assessed by urinary iodine excretion. RESULTS: Urinary iodine concentration ranged from 4 to 1042 microg/l (median +/- SD: 195,5 +/- 21,6 microg/l). Thirty-eight (24%) of 160 children were iodine deficient (urinary iodine < 100 microg/l): mild iodine deficiency (50-99 microg/l: 17%), moderate iodine deficiency (20-49 microg/l: 5%), severe iodine deficiency (<20 microg/l: 2%). No relationship was found between iodine status and age, sex, geographic origin of the children, as well as social and occupational group of the parents. Breast-feeding did not prevent from iodine deficiency. Iodine status did not differ between the cow's milk fed group and the group that was not fed cow's milk. Formula feeding was associated with iodine deficiency (p = 0,02). CONCLUSIONS: Prevalence of severe iodine deficiency was very low in this population. However, iodine status was not optimal.

Child↗
PubMed1987

[Comparative study of ketoprofen and pethidine in severe postoperative pain].

A double-blind study was conducted to compare the efficacies of a non steroid antiinflammatory drug (ketoprofen) and a central analgesic drug (pethidine). The series included 59 patients who had undergone especially painful joint surgery (knee arthrolysis and ligamentoplasty, carpal or foot surgery). Main pain relief as assessed by the patients was the same in both groups (67% with ketoprofen or 63% with pethidine). It lasted the same length of time in both groups: 9.2 h with ketoprofen and 8 h with pethidine. An identical efficacy was observed in the most painful surgery, i.e. arthrolysis (efficacy 57% for a period of 8 h in both groups), as well as in the better tolerated procedure, i.e. carpal surgery; in this case, however, the pain relief seemed to last longer with the ketoprofen (10 h) than with the pethidine (8 h). Ketoprofen probably acts more through its central analgesic effect than its antiinflammatory effect. It has few side-effects. It does not have the risks of respiratory depression or tolerance unlike the opiate drugs. This drug could therefore be interesting in elderly patients and in surgical procedures where the active participation of patients is required for early rehabilitation, e.g. joint mobilization.

Double-Blind Method↗
PubMed1984

[Neuroleptanalgesia for chemical nucleolysis].

38 cases of chemionucleolysis, under neuroleptanalgesia by droperidol-Fentanyl with spontaneous respiration are reported. This technique was satisfactory and allowed the patient to cooperate.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Epidural anesthesia using the bupivacaine-fentanyl combination for cesarean section].

This prospective study was designed to evaluate the benefit of a bupivacaine-fentanyl mixture vs bupivacaine alone in epidural anaesthesia for caesarean section. In 10 women, 0.5% bupivacaine (1.18 ml per metamer) was injected in the epidural space. In 20 women, 0.5% bupivacaine (1.06 ml per metamer) was injected by the same route together with fentanyl (1.70 +/- 0.09 micrograms X kg-1). The bupivacaine-fentanyl group showed a significantly shortened onset of analgesia (p less than 0.001), as well as a significant reinforcement of this analgesia graduated from 0 to 4 (p less than 0.01 at 25 min, p less than 0.001 at 75 min and at the maximum of pain, for the two sets of scores). All the Apgar scores were maximal at 5 min. No clinical respiratory depression was observed in either the mothers or the neonates. Fetal and maternal blood concentrations were in favour of respiratory innocuousness of the method (peak fentanyl concentrations: in mothers 1.5 ng X ml-1, in neonates 0.8 ng X ml-1). Fentanyl never induced any significant haemodynamic variations. Pruritus and nausea respectively occurred in six and two patients respectively in the bupivacaine-fentanyl group. In conclusion, in caesarean section, the adjunction of fentanyl to bupivacaine significantly improved analgesia without any clinical respiratory depression both in the mother and the neonate.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

The effect of calcium and calcium antagonists on the electrically-evoked contractile activity of isolated rat ovaries.

The effects of different calcium concentrations and calcium antagonists on the mechanical activity evoked by electrical field stimulation of isolated rat ovaries, were explored. It was observed that the force of contraction augmented and the electrical threshold diminished as the (Ca2+)0 increased. On the other hand, in the presence of calcium antagonists (Verapamil, D-600 and MnCl2) as well as in calcium-free media, the force of contraction decreased and the electrical threshold augmented. TTX, high (K+)0, propranolol and phentolamine failed to modify the responses of rat ovaries to the electrical field stimulation. The results suggest an important participation of calcium ions in the mechanisms of ovarian excitation-contraction coupling. The fast channels and intraovarian nerve endings, do not appear to be relevant for the electrically-evoked contractions of isolated rat ovaries.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Adrenoceptors involved in the contractile activity of islated pregnant rat uterus.

Cumulative log dose-response curves of soterenol, isoproterenol, phenylephrine and norepinephrine on isolated pregnant rat uterus at different days of gestation, were investigated. Soterenol produced a sustained inhibition of spontaneous motility during the whole pregnancy and this effect was blocked by butoxamine. The affinity of myometrium for the beta 2-adrenoceptor agonist was parallel to the concentration of progesterone in plasma during pregnancy. Isoproterenol, norepinephrine and phenylephrine caused dual, alpha- and beta-mediated responses, their relative dominance varied with the concentration and the days of pregnancy, alpha-Adrenoceptor effects of the amines coincided with increased plasma concentrations of estrogens, whereas beta ones were in parallel with the increment of plasma progesterone. It is concluded that: (a) there exist in the pregnant rat uterus beta 2-receptor-mediated responses influenced by the length of gestation; and (b) the concentration-pregnancy-dependent biphasic actions of isoproterenol, norepinephrine or phenylephrine suggest that their variable hormone-modulated ability interacts with both alpha- and beta-adrenoceptive uterine sites.

Animals↗
PubMed1971

[The sleep cure].

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Adolescent↗