PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

J Senior

Publications and source records attributed to J Senior.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Interobserver and intraobserver reliability in the collection of emergency medical services data.

The collection of data by abstraction from patient records is a widely used method of research, evaluation, and registry. Since valid conclusions depend on the accuracy of the abstracted data, it is essential to examine the abstracting procedures. In this paper, we report on a study of patient data abstracted from emergency department records by nurses trained by project personnel. Twenty-five charts were selected at each of five hospitals. To test interobserver reliability, the nurses were asked to abstract all of the charts at each hospital; to test intraobserver reliability, four of the nurses each reabstracted a set of charts. The results show that even with highly trained, well motivated abstractors, there are considerable differences in the accuracy with which the variables are abstracted. Disposition from the hospital, quantitative vital signs, and blood gas values tend to be abstracted with higher reliability; whereas variables requiring judgment, such as character of vital signs or history of disease, tend to have low reliability. To improve the quality of abstracted data, we propose improved retrieval methods for hospital records, monitoring of data collection procedures, cooperation of all medical personnel providing the raw data, and careful selection of variables.

Emergency Service, Hospital↗
PubMed1978

Modification of oestrogen-induced uterine hyperaemia by drugs in the ovariectomized rat.

Uterine blood flow in ovariectomized rats was measured by means of radioactive microspheres. Blood flow was increased from 55 ml min-1 100 g-1 by treatment (i.v.) with 0.5 microgram oestradiol kg-1 and reached 680 ml min-1 100 g-1 within 60 min. This oestrogen-induced increase of blood flow was reduced significantly by pretreatment with mepyramine (a histamine H1-receptor antagonist), cellulose sulphate (a kininogen-depleting agent) and aprotinin (a kininogenase inhibitor). Cimetidine (a histamine H2-receptor antagonist), kallikrein (kininogenase enzyme) and atropine (an anticholinergic drug) had no effect on the increased uterine blood flow. Indomethacin and AH 7170, which inhibit the formation of prostaglandins, also caused a lower increase in uterine blood flow. None of the pretreatments fully inhibited the oestrogen-induced increase in blood flow, suggesting that more than one mediator may be involved.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Plasma kininogen during the oestrous cycle, early pregnancy and pseudopregnancy in the rat.

1. Changes in the plasma kinin precursor, kininogen, occur following treatment with oestrogens and progestogens. This work was undertaken to attempt to relate plasma kininogen values to hormonal changes in various reproductive states. 2. During the oestrous cycle kininogen concentrations follow a nychthemeral rhythm, kininogen depletion occurring during the increase in general activity of the rat. 3. Superimposed on the nychthemeral changes in kininogen concentration are changes which may be related to the hormonal events of the oestrous cycle. 4. During early pregnancy and pseudopregnancy the kininogen level rises; this increase may be due to changes in the circulating levels of oestrogens and progestogens. 5. It is suggested that the changes in kininogen concentration may result from utilization of kinin which could be of functional significance.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

The influence of drugs on the kinin-forming system in relation to pregnancy and parturition in the rat.

The duration of normal gestation and parturition in the rat can be changed by treatment with drugs which alter the equilibrium of the kallikrein-kinin system. The kallikrein inhibitor, aprotinin, when given from Days 19-22 of pregnancy prolongs gestation. Treatment with aprotinin from Days 20-22 of pregnancy prolongs the parturient process, as does a single dose given on the morning of Day 22. Kallikrein, when administered from Days 19-22 of pregnancy, results in a prolongation of gestation and abolishes the pre-parturient behaviour ('labour'). Parturition is prolonged and many fetuses are stillborn. Soya bean trypsin inhibitor when given from Days 19-22 of pregnancy delays and prolongs parturition; maternal haemorrhage occurs during birth and many fetuses are born dead or are abandoned at birth. It is suggested that the kallikrein-kinin system plays a functional role in the normal process of parturition in the rat.

Animals↗
PubMed1974

Plasma kinin and kininogen levels in the female rat during the oestrous cycle, pregnancy, parturition and the puerperium.

1 Plasma kininogen concentration of the female rat did not change during the oestrous cycle but increased two-fold during gestation. Plasma kininogen did not change during parturition, rose in the first puerperal day and then rapidly declined to non-pregnant levels.2 Free kinin levels in the blood of non-pregnant female rats were low and inconstant. Free kinin was undetectable in the blood of pregnant rats, but was found in four out of ten parturient rats.3 After administration of the kininase inhibitor dimercaprol (30 mg/kg i.p.), free kinin was present in the blood of six parturient rats. Dimercaprol caused appearance of free kinin in the blood of only one out of six non-pregnant rats.4 It appears that the plasma kinin system is activated to a small degree during parturition.

Animals↗
PubMed1974

Changes in plasma kininogen levels induced by cellulose sulphate during pregnancy in the rat.

1 Cellulose sulphate (1 mg/kg) produced a 30-40% depletion of plasma kininogen in rats.2 The time course of repletion of kininogen in the plasma was compared in rats in the oestrous and dioestrous stages of the cycle and in 22 day pregnant animals. A partial repletion occurred, 3 h after the cellulose sulphate injection, which was followed by a secondary fall in plasma kininogen. Plasma kininogen values were back to control levels 10 h after the treatment in all groups.3 Treatment of rats from days 19-22 of pregnancy with cellulose sulphate resulted in 40% depletion of plasma kininogen and in prolongation of pre-parturition behaviour.4 It is suggested that the increase which normally occurs in plasma kininogen levels towards the end of pregnancy in the rat may play a role in the process of parturition.

Animals↗