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J Shaperman

Publications and source records attributed to J Shaperman.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

Proportional myoelectric hand control: an evaluation.

The authors review the principle of proportional myoelectric control, in which the motor voltage of a prosthetic hand varies in direct proportion to the EMG signal, giving the amputee control over speed and force of grip. This type of myoelectric control is contrasted with digital myoelectric control, in which the system is fully on or off, giving the amputee no control over speed of hand opening and closing, and the grip force is increased only by increasing the time of the sustained EMG signal. A survey was conducted of 33 patients wearing the proportional myoelectric hand. Patients rated quickness of opening and closing; control over speed and force; effort required to open and close; and comfort, convenience, and cosmesis of the hand; as well as giving it an overall rating in comparison with their previous terminal device. The ratings were made on a 5-level scale, so that they could be quantified. Patient responses were grouped according to previous experience with a terminal device type: group A: digital myoelectric hand; group B: body-powered terminal device; group C: no terminal device. Differences in group means were compared using Student's t test. Previous digital hand wearers gave significantly higher ratings to the proportionally controlled hand overall, especially for its quickness, control of speed and force, and the effort required to open and close the hand. Former body-powered terminal device wearers rated the proportionally controlled hand significantly better on control over speed and force and on cosmesis.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

The CAPP terminal device, size 2: a new alternative for adolescents and adults.

CAPP Terminal Device, Size #2 for teenaged and adult amputees offers an alternative to hooks and hands available today. CAPP TD 2 is intended to be pleasing in appearance; it blends with the forearm in shape, colour and material to give a continuous flowing natural look. It was designed to provide secure grip through the combined action of a closing spring, a full frictional, resilient cover and an automatic lock. The lock operates as part of the voluntary opening control system and requires no conscious action by the amputee. CAPP TD 2 is a general purpose terminal device which especially serves unilateral amputees by performing functions usually carried out by the non-dominant hand. CAPP TD 2 comes with a built-in wrist connector which is available in two models; both offer quick disconnect. One wrist unit has adjustable friction and the other attaches to an existing friction wrist unit so CAPP TD 2 can be applied to an existing prosthesis. Ten patients have completed the evaluation programme with promising results. Prototypes of CAPP TD 2 are available for patients interested in evaluating it. The CAPP Terminal Device, Size #2 offers unilateral teenaged or adult amputee patients a unique alternative. It is introduced here in hope of stimulating researchers to explore new mechanical solutions in their component designs. The CAPP research designer, Mr. Carl T. Sumida. CPO, introduced the idea of a non-hand, non-hook TD with the CAPP TD 1 for infants (Sumida and Setoguchi, 1967); that terminal device had more function than a passive hand and it had a softer appearance than a hook.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Recent advances in research in prosthetics for children.

New prosthetic components are being designed and developed specifically to meet needs of children. Some are primarily new power systems for operating components which are already in general use, and some are entirely new components such as those developed at the Child Amputee Prosthetics Project at UCLA. These include the CAPP Terminal Device, the CAPP Multi-Position Post, CAPP Wrist Units, the CAPP Modular Elbow, the CAPP Two-Way Shoulder Joint, the CAPP Frame Shoulder Socket, and the CAPP Prosthetic Foot for Above-Knee Amputees. At present, there is great interest in externally powered components, and these are being developed at many centers around the world. A new electric elbow, is the Motor-Lock Elbow, was developed at New York University; a Swedish Electric Hand extends the application of the Otto Bock Myoelectric System to the very young child; the 3-state myoelectric system developed in New Brunswick, Canada, allows the amputee to control 2 functions from a single muscle site, and the INAIL System from Italy is based on a procedure for evaluation and fitting with externally powered along with body powered components. The pneumatically powered Simpson Arm and Kenworthy Hand from Scotland are based on the concept of extended physiologic proprioception. All of the components selected for this review are now being developed or tested so that clinical application can be anticipated.

Amputees↗
PubMed1979

Learning patterns of young children with above-elbow prostheses.

In order to develop an improved method of teaching young child amputees to operate the forearm lift and elbow lock of a conventional above-elbow prosthesis, learning patterns of 12 young above-elbow amputees were observed and described by occupational therapists. From these observations, signs of readiness for learning were identified and a method was proposed for teaching these controls to children. The therapist gave the child physical assistance as well as verbal instruction and a demonstration for each part of the operation and then for the combined motion. Application to activities required development of new habit patterns and appeared to be related to cognitive abilities beyond the sensorimotor level. Mechanical features of the double cycle lock tended to complicate learning and demonstrated the need to develop an elbow lock mechanism that better meets the needs of children.

Amputees↗