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J Sláma

Publications and source records attributed to J Sláma.

17 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

[Radical parametrectomy in women with invasive cervix cancer after previous simple hysterectomy].

OBJECTIVE: Evaluate technique, indications and limits of surgical procedure in the treatment of cervical cancer diagnosed from uterus specimen from simple hysterectomy. DESIGN: Retrospective observational study, review of literature. SETTINGS: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 1st Medical Faculty and General Faculty Hospital, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic. METHODS: Women following radical parametrectomy with upper vaginectomy and pelvic lymphadenectomy were enrolled to the study. In all patients unexpected invasive cervical cancer was found from the uterus specimen after simple hysterectomy. RESULTS: Together 10 patients were enrolled to the study. CIN was the indication for primary hysterectomy in all but two patients. There were two operative complications, cystostomy in both cases, treated properly during surgery. In the specimen from radical procedure residual tumor in parametria was found in 2 cases, and metastasis to pelvic nodes in 4 cases. There was no postoperative complication. Adjuvant radiotherapy was recommended in 4 patients due to positive lymph nodes, in one case due to residual tumor in parametria, and in one case for both reasons. CONCLUSIONS: Radical parametrectomy with upper vaginectomy and pelvic lymphadenectomy should be considered as an alternative solution in patients following simple hysterectomy with unexpected finding of invasive cervical cancer. Morbidity of the procedure is higher in comparison to standard radical hysterectomy, however majority of complications are easy to repair. The most significant criteria for patient's selection for surgical approach is a depth of invasion to cervical stroma. In our group radical procedure obviated the need for radiotherapy in half of the patients.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

[Possibilities of increased radicality in pelvic exenteration].

OBJECTIVE: Review of advanced radicality in pelvic exenterations. DESIGN: Review article. SETTING: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, General Faculty Hospital and Ist Medical Faculty of the Charles University, Prague. METHODS: Review and critical assessment of published data. CONCLUSIONS: More extensive radicality in pelvic exenterations make possible to use surgical treatment in some cases of lateral recurrences or central recurrences with the attachment to the pelvic side wall. One possible technique is a combination of en bloc exenteration with pelvic bone resection, most frequently sacrum. Experiences in gynecological tumours are so far limited. Laterally extended resection was described in lateral infrailiac pelvic wall recurrences. The only one presented paper related to laterally extended procedures showed a reasonable overall survival of patients; however follow-up is limited.

Female↗
PubMed2004

[Standard versus "hand-pump" vacuum extraction device].

OBJECTIVE: Clinical evaluation of a standard vacuum delivery device and "hand-pump" vacuum delivery device. DESIGN: Retrospective clinical study. SETTING: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, City Hospital, Litomĕrice. METHODS: In the period between January 1993 and the end of December 2003 there were 81 deliveries by vacuum at our department, 55 of which (67.90%) were with standard vacuum delivery device and 26 (32.10%) with "hand-pump" vacuum delivery device. We evaluated the differences in the following parameters: 1. basic characteristics--maternal age, parity, gestational age, birth weight and type of labor, 2. early maternal morbidity--the presence of episiotomy, perineal and vaginal tears, blood loss, the need of blood transfusion, duration of hospitalization and postpartum incontinentia urinae and alvi, 3. early neonatal morbidity--pH a. umbilicalis, Apgar score and the presence of newborn's trauma. The differences found in individual groups were then used for statistics and evaluated. RESULTS: In comparison with standard vacuum delivery device the usage of "hand-pump" vacuum delivery device appears to be more convenient for its significantly higher reliability, especially due to construction and also for its favourable features at early neonatal morbidity. CONCLUSION: We have proved that the "hand-pump" vacuum delivery device is in comparison with standard vacuum delivery device more favourable with newborns and more convenient to use for its high reliability.

Female↗
PubMed1999

Surgical therapy of thymomas.

Surgical treatment of thymomas is indicated for Masaoka stage 1 to 3. We are not in favor of mini-invasive techniques. We consider a gold standard to be sternotomy followed by a tumor removal and extended thymectomy. We are convinced it is necessary to perform sternotomy, tumor removal and extended thymectomy after a thymoma resection through thoracotomy to prevent a late onset of myasthenia gravis. In stages 2 to 3 actinotherapy along with chemotherapy should follow surgery to increase the patient's chances for a prolonged survival (Tab. 10).

Humans↗
PubMed1998

[Changes in strategy and technics in the surgical treatment of hernias].

During last five years, 1,271 patients with the diagnosis of hernia were operated at the IIIrd Surgical clinic, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague. Types of hernia were not differentiated. The patients group includes primary inguinal hernias and their relapses, hernias in other localizations as well as hernias in cicatrices. Ligation of the hernia sac as a separated intervention was used in no case. Herniorrhaphy was performed in 52% of cases, hernioplasty in 48%. The hernioplasty/herniorrhaphy ratio increases every year. While the hernioplasty was performed in 34% of patients in 1993, in 1997 was used already in 53% of cases. During that period of time, prolene mesh fixed in the defect with prolene suture was almost exclusively used as implant. In very complicated cases, Goretex was applied with a very good result. Polytetrafluoroethylene is the best implant material at the present time, but its price restrains its general use. Prolene is available for a moderate price and complies sufficiently with requirements on mechanical strength and non-irritability.

Hernia, Inguinal↗
PubMed1990

[A 3-year follow-up study of the incidence of campylobacteriosis in a pediatric population].

The authors investigated the incidence of campylobacteriosis in the population of five paediatric health communities of the Jihlava policlinic (5831 children) for a period of three years. A total of 2408 specimens faeces from 1501 subjects were examined. Campylobacter jejuni was detected in 151 subjects (10.1%), Salmonella sp. in 47 (3.1%), Shigella sp. in 18 (1.2%), Yersinia enterocolitica in 12 (0.8%) and enteropathogenic Escherichia coli in five subjects (0.3%). The total incidence of campylobacteriosis in the investigated group was 863 cases per 100,000 subjects per year. The incidence of campylobacteriosis was seasonal with a maximum during the summer months. To elucidate the source of infection and way of transmission 323 smears from animals, animal products and from the environment were made. Seventy were positive. Campylobacterosis is transmitted to man most frequently by ingestion of primarily or secondarily contamined food, by contact with animals and even interhuman transmission cannot be ruled out. The most frequent clinical symptoms of campylobacteriosis were diarrhoea, fever, abdominal pain and vomiting. Seventeen children were hospitalized. For treatment most frequently Endiaron was used and dietotherapy. Campylobacteriosis affects significantly more frequently children of gipsy origin.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Transferable resistance to cephalosporins, ureidopenicillins and trimethoprim.

Transferable resistance to classical Cephalosporins emerged three years ago among Enterobacteriaceae simultaneously in several hospitals and was associated with resistance to other betalactam drugs, i.e. with a transmissible TEM-like betalactamase. A systematic survey of incidence of R plasmids in Proteus sp. lead, in two district PHLs, to demonstration of transferable Azlocillin resistance. This resistance was most frequently associated with that for Carbenicillin, but also strains susceptible to CAR but resistant to AZL have been isolated. Trimethoprim resistance was in this country first described by Schŏn, but, since then, it is now frequently found transferable in polyresistant strains from hospitals, resistant also to betalactam antibiotics, Gentamicin and other drugs.

Azlocillin↗