Biomedical subjects

J Slámová

Publications and source records attributed to J Slámová.

11 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2000

Evaluation of endothelium-protective effects of drugs in experimental models of endothelial damage.

Endothelium-protective properties of pharmacological agents may be assessed by using different experimental models of endothelial dysfunction or injury. The model of endothelial dysfunction induced by vessel perfusion with polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) was used for evaluation of pentoxifylline (PTX) effects on vasoconstrictor responses to noradrenaline (NA) in the rabbit renal artery. Addition of PMN into the perfusion solution significantly increased the responses to NA at all doses. PTX administration (10(-5) mol x l(-1)) significantly diminished the constrictor responses to NA in vessels perfused with PMN+PTX when compared to the responses in PMN-perfused vessels (at dose 0.1 microg: 32.25 vs. 14.25, at dose 1 microg: 51 vs. 27.75 (p<0.01), at dose 10 microg 74.25 vs. 39.75 (p<0.05), all values expressed as median of perfusion pressure in mm Hg). The model of endothelial damage induced by repeated NA administration in 5 doses (10-50 microg of NA) was used for evaluation of the endothelium-protective effect of sulodexide (SLX). It was found that SLX (120 U/l) significantly decreased the number of desquamated endothelial cells (EC) compared to the control group (controls: 131.4+/-20.1 EC, +SLX: 83.3+/-13.8 EC, p<0.01). These results confirmed the favorable endothelium-protective effects of pentoxifylline and sulodexide in the two experimental models.

Animals↗

PubMed1994

The influence of 1-month sex hormones administration on the isolated rabbit vessels reactivity.

Hyperestrogenemia and change in the estrogen-androgen level ratio in men are supposed to be possible risk factors for several cardiovascular diseases. To study the male rabbit spiral strip reactivity (aorta, renal artery, femoral artery) after 1-month sex hormone administration (estradiol or testosterone twice per week) the method of isomeric contraction was used. The maximal response to noradrenaline, 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and angiotensin was evaluated. Using RIA method the estradiol and testosterone levels in serum were examined. The estradiol application caused a significant increase of the estradiol level in serum with decrease of testosterone level. The increase of the maximal aorta response to noradrenaline and renal artery response to 5-TH was simultaneously observed. After the testosterone administration an increase of the testosterone level in serum, but without significant change in estradiol level was found. The inhibitory effect of testosterone on the femoral artery was shown by the decrease of the response to 5-HT and angiotensin.

Adrenergic Fibers↗

PubMed1993

[Climate therapy of uveitis in a mountain environment].

Climatotherapy as part of treatment of intraocular inflammatory diseases has a worldwide renaissance due to recent research. The stimulating climate in high mountains leads to induction of defence mechanisms in the organism. In these mechanisms participates in particular the neurovegetative, cardiovascular, thermoregulating and immune system. An important effect of climatotherapy is marked vascularization of tissues and increased ACTH and glucocorticoid secretion, and this along with the immunosuppressive action of light during heliotherapy leads to physiological immunosuppression. This fact is significant in particular in the treatment of uveitis and raises hope of reduced doses of corticoids and immunosuppressive drugs which reduces the risk of undesirable side-effects of this treatment. The results of climatotherapy is in many instances a reduced number of relapses of inflammatory diseases, shortening of the period of the acute attack and a milder course of the attack.

Altitude↗

PubMed1992

[Intermediate uveitis].

In a group of 50 patients with intermediary uveitis (IU) the authors evaluated the clinical finding, diagnosis with which the patients were referred to the institute and considered the problem of corticotherapy. The majority of patients was referred with a vague and inaccurate diagnosis: uveitis chronica (34%) and uveitis posterior (20%). 96% patients were treated by locally applied corticosteroids which are justified only in case of marked participation of the anterior segment of the eye. The development of posterior subcapsular cataract in 20% of the patients is according to the authors associated with overdosage of local corticotherapy. They recommend general and parabulbar corticotherapy only if cystoid oedema of the macula and oedema of the papilla develops, or in case of massive formation of an exudate on the pars plana. In patients with IU corticosteroid treatment should be indicated with great care, as complications may develop which are more serious than the disease.

Adult↗

PubMed1991

[Ophthalmic complications in general corticoid therapy].

The authors investigated in a group of 850 patients the influence of long-term general corticotherapy on the transparency of the lens and intraocular pressure in relation to the length of therapy, dosage, age and sex of the patient. The presence of posterior subcapsular cataract was revealed in 5.2% of the patient, a raised intraocular pressure in 12.8%. The authors reached the conclusion that the duration of corticotherapy did not influence in a substantial way the development of posterior subcapsular cataract nor of cortisone glaucoma. A dose of 10-15 mg per day may be considered marginal for the development of cataract; dosage has no basic effect on the development of glaucoma. The maximum incidence of complications was in advanced age groups. No predisposition as regards sex was observed. A significant role in the development of cortisone cataract and cortisone glaucoma is played by individual sensitivity to corticoids.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1980