Biomedical subjects

J Smíd

Publications and source records attributed to J Smíd.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1996

Genotoxicity of industrial effluents, river waters, and their fractions using the Ames test and in vitro cytogenetic assay.

Total and fractionated organic extracts from industrial effluents and Labe river water were tested for mutagenicity using the Ames test with TA98 strain and its YG derivatives (YG1021, YG1024 and YG1041) and cytogenetic analysis with human peripheral lymphocytes in vitro. The bacterial mutagenicity results showed a dose-dependent increase in numbers of TA98 revertants (10(5)) with effluent extracts and lower, but still significant, increase (10(3)) with river water extracts 6 km downstream. The further increase of YG revertants indicates the possible presence of nitroarenes and aromatic amines in the tested samples. In fractionated samples the significant mutagenicity was detected in two-polar acidic and polar basic-fractions, but the numbers of revertants in all effluent fractions were about one order of magnitude lower compared with total extracts results. The cytogenetic effect in human peripheral lymphocytes in vitro was not significant. The increase in chromosomal aberrations was not clearly dose-dependent and may reflect more the combination of toxic and clastogenic effects.

Cells, Cultured↗

PubMed1992

[Personal experience with the care of children and adolescents at risk for ischemic heart disease].

Children and adolescents with hereditary disposition for ischemic heart disease form a substantial part of the clients of preventive cardiological surgeries for children. The authors present their results and experience they assembled by monitoring and supervising these subjects for a five-year period. During the initial examination they found in these subjects, as compared with controls, a more frequent prevalence of habits dangerous with regard to the genesis and development of ischaemic heart disease and deviations in the lipid metabolism with an atherogenic character. Arterial hypertension and protracted insulin secretion were also more frequent. The collaboration with their parents as regards adherence to a regime and therapeutic provisions was very satisfactory. After five years' supervision in children and adolescents with hereditary disposition for ischaemic heart disease the prevalence of obesity, arterial hypertension and abnormalities of blood lipid levels declined significantly. The above measures had the least effect on the impaired insulin secretion.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1991

[The effect of isradipine (Lomir, Sandoz) on coronary insufficiency during the esophageal stimulation stress test].

The new calcium antagonist, the dihydropyridine derivative isradipine (Lomir, Sandoz) is used above all in the treatment of hypertension. During oesophageal stimulation the authors proved its very favourable effect also in patients with coronary insufficiency during exertion. A single oral dose of 7.5 mg of isradipine led in all 14 examined patients to increased tolerance of exertion; in 36% of the patients after administration of the drug coronary insufficiency was no longer found. In the remaining patients the incidence of coronary insufficiency was shifted to higher frequencies. The authors recorded a drop of systolic and diastolic pressure during exertion, during rest as well as during recovery. No undesirable effects nor hypertension were present. The drug is a useful preparation in particular in hypertonic patients with angina on exertion.

Aged↗

PubMed1991

Electrophysiological effects of oral isradipine (Lomir, Sandoz).

Electrophysiological effects of oral isradipine were studied. There are controversial references about the presence of its selective negative chronotropic influence from in vitro and in vivo studies using intravenous route. The authors administered 7.5 mg and 2.5 mg of isradipine orally in two groups of patients. Electrophysiological parameters were measured by use of the transoesophageal atrial pacing prior to the administration and 120 minutes after it. Significant fall in blood pressure was observed in both groups. Changes of atrioventricular nodal parameters such as stimulus-R interval. Wenckenbach point and probable effective refractory period of atrioventricular node showed positive dromotropic effect on artioventricular conduction, but the negative chronotropic action was not proved. On the contrary, the mean sinus cycle length shortened significantly in both groups and the maximal sinus node recovery time decreased after isradipine. The extent of changes of both sinus and atrioventricular nodal parameters is similar and is not consistent with selective effect of isradipine on sinus node.

Administration, Oral↗

PubMed1991

[Termination of atrial flutter using esophageal stimulation].

The risk of possible complications in atrial flutter leads to attempts to use all available therapeutic possibilities to eliminate this disorder of the cardiac rhythm. By oesophageal stimulation the sinus rhythm was restored in 40% and a change to atrial fibrillation was achieved in 50% of the patients. The advantages of this method include above all speed and the minimal risk of complications; the disadvantage of the method is the unpleasant sensation when the electrode is inserted and the painful perception of the stimuli. Oesophageal stimulation can be recommended as the method of choice in treatment of atrial flutter.

Atrial Flutter↗

PubMed1990

[The effect of VUFB diltiazem tablets on the sick sinus and on electrophysiologic parameters of the heart atrium].

Using invasive electrophysiological methods, the authors evaluated the preparation Diltiazem VUFB tablets on parametres of sinus automaticity in the "sick sinus syndrome" and on properties of the atria. They confirmed significant inhibition of automaticity which is not signalized by a corresponding decrease of the nodal frequency, and may remain concealed and lead unexpectedly to disorders of the cardiac rhythm. This is not a specific property of the preparation, a similar action on the sick sinus is exerted by all calcium antagonists with clinically confirmed effects on the conduction system. Diltiazem is already produced in this country and sold on the market with the name of Discordin SPOFA tablets.

Adult↗

PubMed1989

[Pharmacologic restoration of sinus rhythm in atrial flutter and fibrillation].

Restoration of the sinus rhythm in atrial fibrillation and flutter can be achieved by cardioversion, using an electric discharge, or by medicamentous treatment. Medicamentous treatment is based above all on a combination of antiarrhythmic drugs. By the concurrent administration of quinidine, verapamil and digoxin restoration of the sinus rhythm is achieved in 80% patients, on average after 37 hours at plasma quinidine levels of 2.57 +/- 1.4 (SD) micrograms/ml and digoxin levels of 1.90 +/- 1.3 (SD) nmol/l. Restoration of the sinus rhythm in atrial flutter calls for higher quinidine and digoxin levels than in atrial fibrillation (p less than 0.01). Prolonged persistence of the sinus rhythm during treatment with maintenance doses of quinidine, verapamil and digoxin is not satisfactory so far and after 12 months the sinus rhythm persists only in 30% of the patients where the rhythm was originally restored.

Atrial Fibrillation↗

PubMed1989

[Electrophysiologic properties of diltiazem VUFB tablets: effect on atrioventricular conduction].

The authors investigated the action of a single oral dose of the recently developed preparation Diltiazem VUFB tabl. on electrophysiological parameters of atrioventricular conduction - the AH, HV interval, Wenkebach's point and the relative, functional and effective refractory period of the atrioventricular node. The preparation affects significantly parameters of the level of the node and its effect is comparable with data on the action of diltiazem produced abroad.

Adult↗

PubMed1985