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Biomedical subjects

J Sol

Publications and source records attributed to J Sol.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Severe course of a primary BVD infection in a BVD-seronegative dairy herd].

A severe course of a primary BVD infection in a seronegative dairy herd is reported. Approximately one third of the animals was very ill and showed severe diarrhoea, with temperatures varying from 39 degrees C to 41 degrees C. At the time of the outbreak, twenty-four cows had been pregnant for more than three months. Four animals aborted their calves, two mummies were born and two cows were found not to be pregnant at drying off during the next three months following the outbreak. In addition many of the newborn calves were weak and showed relatively low birth weights. The BVD virus was probably introduced into the herd by a purchased calf, which had pneumonia when it arrived on the farm.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

A severe outbreak of respiratory tract disease associated with bovine respiratory syncytial virus probably enhanced by vaccination with modified live vaccine.

A severe outbreak of respiratory tract disease associated with bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) on a large beef-fattening farm is described. The outbreak started two days after five- to seven-month-old calves were vaccinated with a modified live BRSV vaccine. The disease ran a very severe course among five- to seven-month-old vaccinated calves, but disease was absent in eight-month-old an older non-vaccinated calves. The presence of IgM antibodies in sera of non-vaccinated calves indicated that BRSV was spreading on the farm between two to 15 days before the day of vaccination. The data indicate that vaccination with modified live vaccine during the course of a natural infection may enhance the severity of disease. The possible pathogenesis of the disease is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

New phase of QED?

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1988

[A sheep herd management record].

The importance of sheep farming is constantly increasing. Accordingly there is an urgent need for sheep flock health programmes. A simple administration is essential in monitoring the various sheep flock health variables and in calculating important indices. The Sheep Flock Management Chart provides a simple but efficient recording system.

Animal Husbandry↗
PubMed1987

[Effectiveness of a PVC ear tag impregnated with the insecticide flucythrinate].

A PVC ear tag containing the synthetic pyrethroid flucythrinate was tested in seventeen herds including 218 heifers. There was a comparable control group of twelve herds including 157 heifers. The ear tags were more effective against sucking flies than they were against sticking flies. Varying with the species of the fly, the effectiveness ranged from 36.2 per cent to 95.7 per cent. The effectiveness also varied between the herds. The active constituent was still released within approximately 5 1/2 months after introduction.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Maedi-visna control in sheep. III: Results and evaluation of a voluntary control program in The Netherlands over a period of four years.

The results of the first four years of the Dutch national voluntary maedi-visna control program, which was launched on January 1, 1982, are presented. At the end of the observation period, 1711 breeding flocks representing 70% of the registered breeding flocks participated. The program is based on accreditation of flocks that have passed two successive serological tests with an interval of six months between and post-accreditation tests every 12 months. The flocks have to conform to a set of specific regulations. Sheep sold from such flocks receive a certificate stating that their origin was accredited. A total of 1212 flocks gained accreditation. Of these flocks, 29.5% were free from infection from the beginning, 35.6% were created by total replacement of the original stock, 19.6% employed repeated testing and culling of positives, and 15.3% were created by artificial rearing of colostrum-deprived lambs. A total of 22 flocks lost accreditation due to detection of 36 seropositives. These positives and their progeny were culled, and all flocks regained accreditation after passing the two negative flock tests required. In a total of seven flocks, an unusual course of events during the pre-accreditation stage was observed; this was mainly attributed to late seroconversions and uncommon degrees of horizontal transmission. The results indicate that this certification yields a substantial guarantee of freedom from maedi-visna virus and they indirectly show that the basic design of the program has been adequate.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

[BVD (bovine virus diarrhea) and IBR (infectious bovine rhinotracheitis): serologic studies on 35 farms].

1099 female cattle from 35 farms in the provinces of North Brabant, Gelderland and Overijssel were examined for the presence of antibodies against Bovine Virus Diarrhoea (BVD) and Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis (IBR) by serum neutralisation tests. One of the farms examined was seronegative for BVD and 11 farms were seronegative for IBR. On the seropositive farms about 50% of cattle carrying their first calf had not experienced infection i.e. were seronegative (BVD 51.2%, IBR 48.3%). After calving the percentages of seronegative cows were considerably lower (BVD 19.6%, IBR 28.6%). The cause, implications, and prospects of prevention (vaccination) of the diseases are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

[Congenital flexure of the forelimbs in calves].

The incidence of congenital multiple arthrogryposis in newborn calves during the period from September 1982 to September 1983 was studied by conducting a questionnaire on 2,204 dairy farms in the province of Overijssel. This entity was observed on 19 per cent of the farms with Meuse-Rhine-IJssel breed and on 12 per cent of those with the Friesian-Dutch or Friesian-Dutch/Dutch-Friesian breed of cattle. Bull-calves showing normal or heavy birth weights following a normal period of gestation were mainly affected. There was a considerable difference in incidence between sires.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

[Various cases of cysticercosis in sheep in the Netherlands].

During the period from January to March 1985, approximately ninety cases of Cysticercus ovis infection in sheep were observed in a slaughter-house in The Netherlands. Investigations into the cause of this infection showed that dogs kept by the owners of the slaughter-house, had in all likelihood been the source of contamination.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

A three year herd health and management program on thirty Dutch dairy farms. I. Objectives, methods and main results.

A herd health and management program was carried out from May 1974 to May 1977 on thirty Dutch dairy farms which did not have specific herd or management problems. The number of cows per farm varied between 40 and 160. There was a control group of thirty-one comparable farms. The farms were visited every six weeks by the veterinarian of the Animal Health Service Institute, the local agricultural adviser of the NAAS and the local veterinarian. The aim of the program was a whole farm approach. The program had a mainly advisory character and it was up to the farmer to follow the advice given, which was based on the theoretically optimal solution but adjusted to the farm situation. The basis of the administration of herd health was the Herd Fertility Chart. Farm inspection was by detailed observation. The program was primarily practical, and could be carried out by a well-trained local veterinarian. The data of the first (preparatory) year were compared with the results of the following two years. The improvement in income feedcosts margin on the program farms exceeded that on control farms by Dfl. 176 per cow (therefore Dfl. 460 per ha. and Dfl. 12,535 per man). Factor Analysis showed that the herd health and management program influenced especially data concerning fertility. However this did not affect the income feedcosts margin per cow. The program also had an important influence on culling due to health problems and on feedcosts per cow, both of which considerably affected the income feedcosts margin per man.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animal Husbandry↗
PubMed1984

A three year herd health and management program on thirty Dutch dairy farms. II. Culling strategy and losses caused by forced replacement of dairy cows.

Cows are culled at a relatively low age, which causes considerable economic loss. The annual culling rate in the Netherlands has increased from 18.8 per cent in 1951 to 25-30 per cent of the average number of cows in more recent years. The productive life is now about 3.5 years. On the thirty farms of the program group and thirty-one farms of the control group, the main reasons for culling were reproductive failure followed by mastitis and teat injuries. About 60 per cent of culling was due to health problems, the other 40 per cent to low productive capacity, old age, poor workability etc. The annual culling rate varied per farm per year but also per month. The moment of culling in the current lactation, the slaughter value and the age differed per reason. The calculated loss of forced replacement consists of reduction in both production prior to culling and slaughter value. Additionally, there is an idle production period due to lack of an immediate replacement. The biggest loss is caused by lost future income. There was a considerable difference per farm in the loss caused by culling for health problems. A low culling rate due to health problems was associated with longer longevity and a relatively lower loss. Tangible effects due to changes in the farm culling policy may not be evident for some years. The reduction in loss of culling in the program farms compared with the controls was small because the duration (2 1/2 years) of the herd health and management program was too short.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animal Husbandry↗
PubMed1984

A three year herd health and management program on thirty Dutch dairy farms. III. Economic evaluation of fertility control.

Fertility control was part of a herd health and management program on thirty dairy farms in the province of Overijssel. A comparable control group of thirty-one farms was available. After two years of application of the program the improvement in income feedcosts margin per cow on the program farms exceeded that on control farms by Dfl. 176. Within the large variation in income between the farms it was not possible to accurately distinguish the effects of the different aspects of the program, despite the use of detailed techniques such as Factor Analysis: thus another approach to determine the income effect of fertility control was necessary. The total loss per farm due to sub-optimal fertility was determined, using calving interval data, forced replacement data and norm-loss rates. From computation of this loss on program and control farms, the income effect of fertility control was deduced. Excluding the cost of the program, a significant (P less than 0.01) positive effect of fertility control on the total calculated loss due to sub-optimal fertility was determined (average Dfl. 25.50 per cow, or about Dfl. 1,700 per farm, after two years of program application). This income effect differed considerably between farms with an initial good or poor situation regarding fertility. The program contributed more to the improvement of insufficient or moderate fertility than to the prevention of a deterioration in herds with excellent fertility, although on the latter farms the total program had a considerable positive effect.

Animal Husbandry↗
PubMed1984

A three year herd health and management program on thirty Dutch dairy farms. IV. Special aspects.

The ultimate objective of a herd health and management program must be optimal farm net profit. Maximal profit can be expected by carrying out a program based on a whole farm approach. A simple and well-ordered registration system is one of the most important aspects for the success of a program. Experiences with the different registration systems of the program are discussed. In the future it is desirable to process the registered data by computer. The farmer should know the possibilities of the program in advance and must be motivated to carry out advice. When giving advice veterinarians have to take into account the specific circumstances on each farm and the objectives of the farmer. The veterinarian also has to be well-informed about the factors which influence the farm net profit and to this end cooperation with other experts is necessary. In this trial close cooperation between the veterinarian and agricultural adviser were seen as a very positive feature of the program. The program must be carried out at regular times in a fixed sequence, which covers complete herd health and farm management. The frequency of farm visits depends on the problems, farm size and the season. On average one visit per month will be sufficient for farms up to 100 dairy cows. Cooperation between farmer and veterinarian is one of the essential aspects. Frequent evaluation is very stimulating. The benefits of a herd health and management program were found to be substantial in this trial. Therefore the costs of the program can be considered by the farmer to be a sound investment.

Animal Husbandry↗
PubMed1983

[Summer mastitis: pathogenesis, losses, incidence and prevention].

In cases of summer mastitis, several other bacteria, particularly anaerobes, are isolated in addition to C. pyogenes. The fly Hydrotaea irritants which also causes 'broken heads' in sheep and is therefore referred to as the 'sheep head fly', is universally regarded as the most important vector of summer mastitis. The annual losses caused by summer mastitis are substantial. The incidence of summer mastitis varies annually and monthly. Summer mastitis is particularly observed on sandy soil, less often on peat and hardly ever on clay. This is in accordance with the habitats of Hydrotaea irritans. Several measures to prevent summer mastitis are available to farmers. When fly repellents or agents protecting the teat openings are used, fair results are obtained. Synthetic pyrethroids would appear to offer better prospects, however, because of their long-acting character. Results obtained using C. pyogenes vaccines are disappointing. Long-acting antibiotics offer good prospects in yearlings in the 1-2 year range. Findings reported in the literature show that treatment of dry cows during the dry period, repeated twice at an interval of from three to four weeks, offers the most promising prospects. In view of the small teat openings of calves, fly repellents or agents protecting the teat openings will be most successful.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

[Effect of various preparations of iron on the growth and haemoglobin levels of newborn piglets (author's transl)].

Four preparations of iron dextran, which differed markedly in price, were compared in an experimental study. 100 or 200 mg. of iron were injected intramuscularly on the first, second or third day of life of the piglets. Differences in weight or concentration of haemoglobin were not detectable during the first eight weeks of life, neither at a dosage of 100 mg. nor at a dosage of 200 mg. of iron.

Anemia↗