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Biomedical subjects

J Solaz

Publications and source records attributed to J Solaz.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1998

Diseases that simulate acute appendicitis on ultrasound.

Ultrasound is useful in the assessment of patients with possible appendicitis. A diagnosis of appendicitis can be made in patients with persistent right lower quadrant pain when a non-compressible appendix greater than 6 mm in diameter is shown. When a normal appendix is affected by an adjacent lesion, reactive inflammation can cause secondary enlargement of the appendix. This article reviews ultrasound findings in conditions which can clinically mimic acute appendicitis. Examples of Crohn's disease, tuboovarian abscess, typhilitis, sigmoid diverticulitis, perforated sigmoid neoplasm, perforated peptic ulcer, perforated acute cholecystitis, caecal carcinoma and appendiceal tumours are included.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1998

[Intra-arterial fibrinolysis in acute thrombosis of the basilar artery].

INTRODUCTION: Ischemia in the territory of the basilar artery presents with a variable clinical picture of hemiparesia-tetraplegia, progressive deterioration of level of consciousness, irregular respiration and apnea leading to irreversible coma and death in between 75% and 86% of cases. The usual treatment is supportive. CLINICAL CASE: We present the case of a 49 year old woman with acute thrombosis of the basilar artery and a progressive course leading to coma. No bulbar lesions were seen on the CT scan done in the Emergency Department. Thrombosis of the basilar artery and permeable bilateral carotid systems were shown on arteriography. There were no contra-indications to fibrinolysis. Following local fibrinolytic treatment with urokinase the patient had full recovery from her neurological disorder and no sequelae. The basilar artery remained permeable six months later. CONCLUSIONS: Emergency treatment with cerebral intra-arterial fibrinolysis within the first six hours, in a case of neurological deficit progressing in the basilar artery territory, with persistence of brain-stem functions and no signs of decerebration (provided there are no contra-indications to fibrinolysis and the initial cerebral CT scan shows no bulbar lesions) may save the patient's life, with total or partial recovery of brain-stem function.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1992

Effects of captopril on regional segment motion during acute coronary occlusion.

The effects of captopril on myocardial segment function in different degrees of transient coronary occlusion were studied using ultrasonic dimension gauges in 15 open-chest dogs. The occlusion procedures (OP) were performed on the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) in eight dogs and on the left circumflex coronary artery (Cx) in seven dogs. To measure the changes in segment shortening in the subendocardium we used eight dogs (ischemic and control zones: four dogs LAD and four dogs Cx). To measure the changes in wall thickening we used seven dogs (ischemic and control zones: three dogs LAD and four dogs Cx). Total coronary OP lasting 1 min and partial OP (70-80%) lasting 1 min and 2 min 30 s, before and after captopril (0.25 mg/kg i.v.) were performed. Left ventricular pressure, dP/dt, coronary flow, and ECG were monitored. Total coronary OP (1 min) changed segment shortening (18% LAD; 14% Cx) and wall thickening (19% LAD; 18% Cx) to values of dyskinesis (-3% and -4% for shortening; -6% and -5% for thickening). Captopril improved regional function maintaining positive values for shortening (4% LAD; 3% Cx) and thickening (0.3% LAD; 4% Cx). Similar responses were obtained during partial OP and captopril. Results suggest that captopril produced a significant improvement in the regional function parameters affected by ischemia both in total and partial obstructions.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Sick sinus syndrome: strategies for reducing mortality.

The evolution of sick sinus syndrome is slow, and its clinical and electrocardiographic manifestations are intermittent. A-V and I-V conduction disturbances often arise, but incidence of defects with clinical consequences is too low. Death rate, when large groups are considered, is slightly higher than that of the general population of the same age and with similar pathologies. Mortality depends on concomitant pathologies, on the development of congestive heart failure, on the arterial thromboembolism and on the type of sinus disease. The use of ventricular pacemakers (VVI) did not reduce mortality. Atrial pacing (AAI) gives the auricles electrical stability preventing fibrillation and systemic embolism. The hemodynamic role of the auricles is also preserved. As a consequence, death rate is reduced when AAI is used. In cases with a-v conduction disturbances or with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation, dual chamber pacing (DDD) is preferable because it permits ventricular pacing to be continued even if a-v block or paroxysmal or chronic atrial fibrillation appears. When using ventricular pacing and in cases in which pacing is not considered, warfarin or aspirin can prevent strokes and systemic embolism. In bradycardia-tachycardia syndrome requiring treatment of arrhythmias dual chamber pacemaker must be implanted.

Aspirin↗
PubMed1991

[The cardioprotective action of nifedipine during short-term transient ischemia].

To determine the therapeutic activity on regional myocardial function of nifedipine intravenous administration (0.16 mg/kg) during short term myocardial induced ischemia, we used 6 mongrel dogs anesthetized and intubated those who we have implanted 3 pairs of ultrasonic crystals in the subendocardial layer. Utilizing an open chest canine model we performed total 1 minute and partial 2 minutes 30 seconds alternative obstructions, controlled with electromagnetic flowmeters in the anterior descending (AD) and circumflex (Cx) coronary arteries before and after drug administration. During the 70-80% obstructions we have shown a significant improvement in segment shortening, reduced by ischemia, in the ischemic and peri-ischemic zone. The ischemic markers, per cent increment of end diastolic length (% IEDL) and per cent increment of end systolic length (% IESL), have shown significant improvement during partial obstructions in the ischemic and peri-ischemic zone. After total obstructions the improvement on regional myocardial function is less marked and limited to ischemic zone.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Regional differences in the contractile function of the subendocardium and subepicardium of the left ventricle in the dog].

With the objective to study the regional differences in myocardial function of different left ventricular (LV) segments, twelve pairs of ultrasound crystals were implanted in six open-chest dogs. Six pairs in the subendocardium and six in the subepicardium in three zones of the left ventricle (4 in the apex, 4 in the left anterior descending region and 4 in the circumflex region). In each zone of subendocardium one pair was placed parallel to the epicardial fibers (long axis) and the other following the circumferential plane of the left ventricle (short axis); the same orientation was followed in the subepicardium. Left ventricular pressure, coronary flow (electromagnetic flow-meters), peripheral ECG leads, dp/dt, and segmental shortening were measured. The extent of shortening and the fraction of shortening were considered. The extent of shortening is always higher in the long axis than in the short axis crystals. Similarly, the shortening in the subendocardium is higher than in the subepicardium. The greater extent of shortening and fraction of shortening appeared in the apex, above all in the subendocardium. There are differences in the time-course of fibrillar shortening between subepicardium and subendocardium; the subendocardial contraction was simultaneous with a lengthening of the subepicardial segments. In conclusion, there are differences in myocardial contraction depending on the myocardial region and the layer. Also the shortening of the subendocardium is not synchronous with the subepicardium.

Animals↗