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Biomedical subjects

J Spano

Publications and source records attributed to J Spano.

10 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

Physiological effects of a perfluorochemical blood substitute in beagle dogs.

Perfluorochemical (PFC) emulsions have been examined for use as erythrocyte substitutes in the treatment of various disease states. The physiological changes induced by PFC infusion would be an important determinant of successful clinical therapy. Previous studies have reported PFC induced changes in the disposition of drugs. This report describes some physiological (hematology, cardiovascular, liver enzyme) changes resulting from a 30% blood exchange with a PFC emulsion in Beagle dogs. A 30% blood exchange with hydroxyethylstarch (HES) also was evaluated and compared to the PFC emulsion exchange. The blood pressure was markedly reduced shortly after PFC infusion while HES infusion produced only minor changes. Changes in the heart rate following blood replacement were similar for PFC and HES treated dogs. Hematology profiles also were similar for the PFC and HES treatment groups. The liver enzyme levels in PFC treated dogs showed marked elevations beginning shortly after PFC infusion and remained elevated for months after the initial PFC blood replacement. In contrast, HES treated dogs exhibited no observable changes in liver enzyme levels over the time course of the study.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Evaluation of Cassia obtusifolia (sicklepod) seed consumption in Holstein calves.

Fifteen Holstein bull calves weighing 135-160 kg (300-350 lb) were randomly assigned to 3 groups of 5 animals each. Each calf was individually fed free choice Bermuda grass hay and 3.63 kg (8 lb) of a commercial 14% crude protein ration/day. Group 1 (control) received no Cassia obtusifolia seed, group 2 (low exposure) received 0.45 kg (1 lb) of C obtusifolia seed (12.5% of ration and approximately 0.27% of body weight) and group 3 (high exposure) received 1.81 kg (4 lb) C obtusifolia seed (50% of ration and approximately 1.19% of body weight) from day 0-9, and then received 1.36 kg (3 lb) (37.5% of ration and 0.89% of body weight) from day 10-24. The effects of low and high C obtusifolia seed contamination were intermittent feed refusal, diarrhea, and decreased weight gain. Average daily weight gains (ADG) for the control, low exposure and high exposure groups, were 0.76, 0.53, 0.31 kg/day, respectively. The ADG of the control calves was significantly greater than the ADG of the high exposure calves (p less than 0.0001) and the low exposure calves (p less than 0.0059). The ADG of the low exposure calves was significantly greater than the ADG of the high exposure calves (p less than 0.0209). No change was observed in serum aspartate aminotransferase, creatine phosphokinase, lactic dehydrogenase activity, and histologic examination showed no evidence of muscle necrosis.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Platelet function testing in the pony.

Platelet isolation techniques and platelet function were evaluated in 35 adult ponies. Platelet recovery from whole blood was consistent and the preparation of platelet rich plasma was facilitated by an enhanced erythrocyte sedimentation rate. All platelet samples aggregated in response to 10 microM ADP. However, concentrations of ADP as high as 100 microM did not elicit significant 14C-serotonin release. Collagen induced irreversible platelet aggregation and 14C-serotonin release in all samples. The threshold dose for collagen in most ponies was 1.5 micrograms. Arachidonic acid (500 microM) failed to induce irreversible platelet aggregation or 14C-serotonin release in any of the samples evaluated. Pony platelets were nonresponsive to epinephrine (5.5 microM).

Adenosine Diphosphate↗
PubMed1988

Techniques for blood sampling in avian species.

In avian species' common sites for blood sampling include the basilic, jugular, and superficial plantar metatarsal veins, heart and occipital sinus. The lateral thoracic vein is also used in the turkey. The sites with the least trauma to the animal are the basilic, superficial plantar metatarsal, and lateral thoracic veins from which adequate volumes of blood can be obtained. Heart puncture and occipital sinus sampling procedures are expedient and large volumes of blood can be obtained however these sites are the most traumatic. The superficial plantar metatarsal vein was the site for best repeat sampling in the duck and the chicken and the basilic in the turkey.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

A study of erythrocyte changes in white Pekin ducks.

Erythrocyte distribution studies were determined in 5 control (non-stressed) and 5 ducks which were bled 1.6% of their body weight 3 times at 10-day intervals. Erythrocyte distribution studies were performed using a Coulter ZBI with channelizer and Accucomp accessory. The total erythrocyte count (P1 + P2) and the P1 population dropped 10% from the pre-bleeding count; however, test animals exhibited less than a 10% change after the third sampling. There was no apparent effect of the bleeding on the total counts and the P1 count over the 28-day trial period.

Animals↗