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Biomedical subjects

J Stríbrná

Publications and source records attributed to J Stríbrná.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Membrane transport of cations in erythrocytes during treatment of essential hypertension with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors].

The authors investigated in ten patients with essential hypertension changes in the membrane transport of sodium in red blood cells and the intracellular calcium content of thrombocytes during the control period during treatment of hypertension with central sympatholytics and after three-week treatment with an inhibitor of the angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE), enalapril. The effect of enalapril in hypertonic patients was manifested by a rise of the renin plasma activity and the potassium concentration and a reduction of the sodium plasma concentration which corresponds to the inhibition of angiotensin II. The intracellular calcium and sodium content was unaltered. In 8 of 10 patients after enalapril treatment increased values of Vmax for Na(+)-K+ cotransport occurred, incl. 6 patients where at the same time a rise of Vmax Na(+)-Li+ countertransport was recorded.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Urinary albumin excretion in patients with renovascular hypertension.

Twenty-four hour urinary excretion of albumin (UEalb), IgG and beta-2 microglobulin was investigated at a 3 hour-interval in a control group (C) of healthy subjects, in 30 patients with renovascular hypertension (RVH), and in 16 patients with essential hypertension (EH). Mean UEalb in RVH was significantly higher than in C. A significant direct correlation was demonstrated between diastolic blood pressure and UEalb (p < 0.01). Microalbuminuria (MA) > or = 30 micrograms.min-1 was found in about 18% of RVH patients; it was higher than 16.7 micrograms.min-1 in approx. 31%. These results did not substantially differ from those obtained in patients with EH. The cause for increased UEalb in hypertensive patients may be functional, haemodynamic changes, or structural ones. In either case, MA indicates renal injury, and these patients should be given increased attention when monitoring their blood pressure and when selecting antihypertensive drugs.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Blood pressure and red cell sodium transport changes following salt load in patients with glomerulonephritis.

A group of 44 patients with chronic glomerulonephritis (GN) and 20 healthy subjects were investigated under the conditions of normal dietary NaCl intake and after one week of salt load with a daily addition of 5 g NaCl per os. After the salt load, the mean blood pressure increased significantly in 47% subjects (salt-sensitive) and their natriuretic response was accompanied by an increase of glomerular filtration rate. The rates of ouabain-sensitive (OST) and furosemide-sensitive transport (FST) were decreased in patients with chronic GN even before salt loading which did not change these values. The lower OST rate can be explained by a reduced affinity for internal Na+. A decreased affinity of the Na(+)-K+ cotransport system for internal Na+ was detected only in hypertensive GN patients. In our study, no relationship between salt-sensitivity and red cell sodium transport either in normotensive or in hypertensive GN patients was found.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Amplification of N-myc oncogene in human melanoma cells.

Tissue specimens from two melanoma patients and two patients with laryngeal carcinoma were studied for the expression of c-myc, N-myc and v-src oncogenes. Out of three different probes, only the N-myc probe one signalled amplification. While the two patients with laryngeal carcinoma showed only single copy of the N-myc gene in tumor cells, amplification of this gene was found in both two melanoma patients. The patients with 1 extra copy of the N-myc gene and its protein product had an early recurrence but is still alive, while the other melanoma patient with 4 extra copies of the gene, relapsed very early and died of melanoma within 7 months after diagnosis. Thus a higher amplification (4 extra copies) seems to correlate with very poor outcome of the disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Changes in blood pressure and erythrocyte sodium transport in subjects with normal blood pressure after dietary sodium loading].

The authors investigated in 20 healthy normotonics changes of the blood pressure and sodium transport in red cells after two dietary regimes: I. normal diet, II. normal diet + 5 g salt/day for a period of 7 days. After the salt load the following changes were observed: 1. a rise of the pressure and body weight 2. an increase of the mean blood pressure (MBP) by more than 7% in 11 subjects, described as "salt sensitive" (SS), the remaining 9 were not sensitive to salt (NSS); 3. a significant activation of ouabain sensitive transport (Na pump) in NSS. The authors did not observe a reduced activity of the Na pump found in volume expansion in essential hypertonics. On the other hand, after the salt load in normotonics an adaptive increase of the Na pump activation occurred which, however, was not sufficient in VSS normotonics. The authors assume that an inadequate response of the Na pump to a salt load in SS may be due to structural changes of the pump or its inadequate functional reserve which may be genetically conditioned and may lead secondarily to an increased salt sensitivity.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Effect of methylprednisolone therapy on lipoprotein metabolism in human nephrotic syndrome.

Changes in the lipoprotein metabolism of 15 patients with nephrotic syndrome concomitant with various types of the underlying renal disease after methylprednisolone therapy were investigated. Following methylprednisolone therapy, nephrotic syndrome remission was achieved only in three patients with minimal change disease. In these patients, total cholesterol (TC) and free cholesterol (FC) decreased and an increase in HDL-C and the HDL-C/TC ratio was found. In the remaining 12 patients, while marked proteinuria persisted after therapy, a significant increase in HDL-C (from 1.38 to 1.83 mmol/l) was noted with no significant changes in TC, FC and TG. Our results suggest that methylprednisolone may affect lipoprotein metabolism without necessarily exerting a favourable effect on the course of kidney disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Changes in renal haemodynamics in the nephrotic syndrome.

It has repeatedly been found that haemodynamic changes during hypoproteinaemia in the chronic phase of the nephrotic syndrome are different from those during hypoproteinaemia in the acute phase. In our series of patients, a decrease in the filtration fraction and relative hyperperfusion of the kidneys were associated with the presence of the nephrotic syndrome. No significant changes in renal haemodynamics were observed in patients with chronic glomerulonephritis without the nephrotic syndrome or in a group of healthy volunteers. The question of whether relative hyperperfusion of the kidneys in a repeatedly relapsing nephrotic syndrome can lead to the development of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis needs to be elucidated.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1989

[Recanalization and dilatation in chronic occlusion of the renal artery: 2 case reports].

The authors describe their experience in two cases of mechanic desobliteration and subsequent percutaneous transluminal angioplasty in a chronically occluded renal artery. It has become obvious that although this surgery has been so far performed only rarely it is technically viable and may exert a favourable therapeutic effect on hypertension of renovascular etiology as well as angioplasty of stenosing lesion of kidney arteries. The paper also discusses a possibility of influencing renal function by this method. The authors arrive at the conclusion that recanalization of a chronic occlusion of renal artery extends the presently relatively stabilized indications for percutaneous transluminal angioplasty in this localization.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Urinary excretion of catecholamines by the transplanted kidney].

In 88 patients after kidney transplantation (Tx) and in 30 healthy volunteers the urinary adrenaline, noradrenaline and dopamine excretion in 24 hours was examined. The results were calculated per values of glomerular filtration rate (Ccr). In patients after Tx an increased adrenaline excretion was found and its relative predominance over noradrenaline in urine, as it is the case in renal insufficiency. The absolute reduction of noradrenaline excretion was, when calculated per Ccr values, proportional to the number of functional nephrons. The absolute dopamine excretion was proportional to Ccr values and when calculated per glomerular filtration rate it was significantly higher than in controls. The elevated values of fractional sodium excretion in group Tx suggest that in the residual functional nephrons the increased sodium supply may act as a stimulus for dopamine formation in the kidney.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty of renal transplant artery stenosis in patients with rejection nephropathy.

A total of 13 procedures of percutaneous transluminal angioplasty were performed in 11 kidney graft recipients with renal transplant artery stenosis. Nine procedures were technically successful in eight patients (one redilatation was necessary because of restenosis). Graft biopsy confirmed rejection nephropathy in all cases. The outcome could not be evaluated in one patient who died of a concomitant disease shortly after angioplasty. The remaining seven patients (eight percutaneous transluminal angioplasties) showed improvement in hypertension in 63% and in glomerular filtration rate in 50% of procedures, persisting for 6-13 months. A single major complication encountered was a loss of graft related to unsuccessful percutaneous transluminal angioplasty. The results suggest that percutaneous transluminal angioplasty may bring prolonged increase in effective renal plasma flow and glomerular filtration rate even in patients experiencing rejection nephropathy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Effect of polyenoic phospholipid therapy on lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase activity in the human serum.

The effect of polyenoic phospholipids on the concentration of serum lipids and the activity of lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT, E.C. 2.3.1.43) was investigated in 18 patients with chronic glomerulonephritis accompanied by hyperlipaemia and reduced rate of cholesterol esterification in the plasma. The effects of therapy were evaluated immediately after a 2-month period of treatment and again after a 3-month drug free interval following termination of the therapy. An immediate effect of the treatment was reflected in a significant increase in the fractional esterification rate (FER % .h-1) and a marked reduction of the concentration of triglycerides (TG). Discontinuation of the drug resulted in the return of TG and FER values to the initial levels and in a rise of total (TCH) and unesterified cholesterol (UCH), HDL-cholesterol (HDL-TCH) and the molar esterification rate (MER mumol.1-1.h-1). The activity of LCAT estimated by radioassay in common and endogenous substrates varied in parallel.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

The plasma cholesterol concentration and cholesterol esterification rate in patients with stage I-III arterial hypertension.

Disorders of cholesterol metabolism were studied in 88 patients with essential or renovascular hypertension, among whom the individual stages of the disease, classified by WHO criteria, were evenly represented. The results were compared with the findings in a group of 87 healthy controls. The following were determined in the plasma: the total (TCH) and free (FCH) cholesterol concentration, triglycerides (TG) and lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) activity, defined as the molar esterification rate (MER). The MER/FCH ratio gave the fractional esterification rate (FER) as the percentage per hour. In evaluation of the whole group of hypertensive patients, the mean TCH values were found to be raised (6.62 as against 6.05 mmol/l, P less than 0.05), but FCH levels were raised more significantly (mean 1.76 as against 1.51 mmol/l, p less than 0.001). With normal MER values, the hypertensive group had a significantly lower mean FER value (5.45 as against 6.27 %/h, p less than 0.001). Mainly patients with stage II and III hypertension accounted for the reduced rate of cholesterol recirculation between plasma and tissues (i.e. the FER value). The findings indicate that a change from stage I to stage II hypertension is accompanied by an increased incidence of lipid metabolism disorders.

Cholesterol↗
PubMed1986

Long-term results of surgical treatment of renovascular hypertension.

The authors analyse long-term results of surgical treatment of renovascular hypertension in 195 patients hospitalized at the Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine in Prague in 1971 to 1982. Significantly better results were attained in patients with dysplastic stenosis than in patients with sclerotic stenosis of renal arteries (86.45% vs. 56.33%). In view of this experience the authors stress the importance of most accurate diagnosis of the morphological basis of the stenosis. In patients with sclerotic stenosis, the probability of a favourable effect of surgical reconstruction on blood pressure is substantially smaller. Attention is drawn to the important successes attained with the use of percutaneous transluminal angioplasty, which has in recent years found considerably wide application precisely in the sphere of renal arteries.

Adolescent↗