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Biomedical subjects

J Svác

Publications and source records attributed to J Svác.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1998

Peritoneal clearance and peritoneal transfer of oxalic acid, vitamin C, and vitamin B6 during continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis.

The peritoneal clearance and peritoneal transfer of oxalic acid, vitamin C, and vitamin B6 in 32 patients during continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) using peritoneal dialysis solutions containing 1.5% or 2.5% glucose were examined. The plasma level of oxalic acid was significantly elevated in all patients, plasma vitamin C was in the normal range or in the upper margin of the normal range, and plasma vitamin B6 was in the normal range. The peritoneal clearance of oxalic acid was significantly lower, and the peritoneal clearance of vitamin B6 was the lowest in comparison to the peritoneal clearance of urea. With the exception of vitamin B6, the peritoneal clearance and peritoneal transfer of the examined parameters increased using the dialysis solution containing 2.5% glucose. We found direct relationships between the plasma levels of oxalic acid and creatinine as well as plasma vitamin C and between the peritoneal transfer of oxalic acid and the peritoneal transfer of vitamin C as well as vitamin B6. The significant hyperoxalemia of our patients was found to persist despite the relatively high peritoneal transfer of oxalic acid during CAPD. These results suggest that CAPD is not a method effective enough for permanent reduction of the plasma levels of oxalic acid.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[Hepatitis B immunization in hemodialysis patients].

Infection with the virus of hepatitis B is found in haemodialyzed patients many times more frequently than in the normal population and it participates in their morbidity and mortality. It is also an important issue in patients after transplantation of the kidney. With regard to the alarmingly high prevalence of this infection in their haemodialyzation centre the authors analyzed retrospectively the effectiveness of the most successful preventive measure--active immunization--in 84 patients immunized with Engerix B according to the protocol recommended for haemodialyses. They found that: i) active immunization started after the onset of haemodialyzation has a low effectiveness and in patients who do lack protective antibodies anti-HBs before the onset of haemodialysis it is important to look for other preventive measures; ii) a certain effectiveness is achieved only by administration of more than three doses of vaccine.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[Transjugular biopsy of the liver].

Transjugular liver biopsy is an alternative of percutaneous biopsy in collection of hepatic tissue for histological examination. It is used when percutaneous biopsy is contraindicated, or involves great risk, i.e. in particular in patients with severe ascites and severely impaired blood coagulation. According to worldwide statistics it occurs in about one third of hepatological patients. The authors present a group of 16 patients who had transjugular biopsy and report on the high yield and low risk of the method. A representative histological sample was obtained in 100%, there were no complications in the investigated group. The authors give an account of the indications and description of the method, its possible complications. They compare their results with data in the literature. Their initial experience confirms that the inclusion of transjugular biopsy among hepatological examination methods is justified.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Comparison of Tarivid and Biseptol in the prevention of bacterial infections in patients with acute leukemia].

In 42 patients with induction treatment of acute myeloblastic and lymphoblastic leukaemia the authors compared efficacy of selective decontamination of the gastrointestinal tract in prevention of infections during neutropenia less than 0.5.10(9)/l in two comparable groups. Twenty-two patients were treated with Ofloxacin (Tarivid, Hoechst Co.), 20 patients with Trimetroprim-Sulfamethoxazol (Biseptol, Polfa Co.). Both groups had concurrently also Ketoconazol in prevention of mycotic infection. The investigation revealed that Tarivid is a suitable alternative drug for selective decontamination, because it delays the onset of acquired infection, as compared with Biseptol, it reduced more efficiently the frequency of Gram-negative colonization and life-threatening Gram-negative sepsis, caused by resistent strains; its tolerance is significantly better. There was no significant difference in the occurrence of febrile days, febrile episodes, the duration of antibiotic treatment, the number of sepsis in two groups. The effect of Tarivid and Biseptol on the Gram-positive microbial flora is inadequate. Subclavian catheter increases in particularly the risk of Gram-positive sepsis in both groups.

Bacterial Infections↗
PubMed1990

[Sympathetic ophthalmia].

The authors give an account of a case of sympathetic ophthalmia which was successfully managed by reoperation of the injured eye, corticoids and immunosuppressive drugs. Sympathetic ophthalmia developed after perforation of the cornea along with traumatic cataract one month following the accident. It was manifested by irritation of the anterior segment of both eyes and marked exudation into the area of the posterior pole of the sympathizing eye. On the injured eye surgical reconstruction of the anterior segment was performed and concurrently broad spectrum antibiotics and corticoids were administered. On this therapy the anterior segment of both eyes began to improve, while the exudation into the area of the posterior pole of the sympathizing eye proceeded; therefore immunosuppressive therapy was started. The manifestations of sympathetic ophthalmia receded gradually. After an alternative way of corticoid reduction was started, a relapse of sympathetic ophthalmia occurred. The relapse was suppressed by a temporary increase of the dosage. Three months after the development of sympathetic ophthalmia, using the treatment described, the uveal inflammation of both eyes receded. At present, two years after the accident, both eyes are in a satisfactory condition with normal visual acuity--on the injured eye with an aphakic correction.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Serum lipid levels in hypercholesterolemic children after 5 years].

From a group of 1012 10-14-years-old children, incl. 724 with a positive and 288 with a negative cardiovascular history 56 (5.5%) had serum cholesterol values within the range of 5.0-6.47 mmol/l and were described as hypercholesterolaemic. Of these 39 (5.4%) had a positive and 17 (5.8%) a negative history. After five years the authors assessed in 46 the CHOL, HDL-C, LDL-C and calculated atherogenic indices. This time interval that except for the LDL-C and LDL-C:T-CHOL ratio the values of all parameters declined. The authors found a significant mean decline of T-CHOL by 0.457 mmol, and in HDL-C by 0.496 mmol/l; in LDL-C there was a mean increase by 0.0065 mmol/l, which was not significant. T-CHOL declined in 31% and HDL-C in 71% of the investigated subjects. These changes have to be considered when enlisting people into dispensary care. When testing by the entire group all parameters and their changes depend significantly on the initial values. In subjects with a positive cardiovascular history and HDL-C values lower than 1.11 mmol/l after five years a rise was recorded, and in those with values above 1.11 mmol/l a decline occurred. In subjects with a negative cardiovascular history HDL-C declined by 0.7 mmol/l in the entire range of investigated values.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Antimicrobial activity of colostrum after administering killed Escherichia coli O111 vaccine orally to expectant mothers.

An attempt was made to see if it was possible to produce antimicrobial activity in colostrum after killed Escherichia coli O111 vaccine had been given orally to expectant mothers. The colostral samples were used in vitro for the inhibition test immediately after the start of lactation. The colostrum from 7 of the 47 vaccine-treated mothers inhibited the growth of E. coli O111 compared with only one colostrum from 101 controls. No complication has occurred either in the vaccine-treated mothers or their suckling babies. The association between the presence of antimicrobial activity in the colostrum and the time of vaccine application was insignificant.

Bacterial Vaccines↗