Biomedical subjects

J Svacinová

Publications and source records attributed to J Svacinová.

12 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2005

[Aging eye--its specific features and diseases].

Practically oriented overview of the anatomical and physiological changes in the eye during aging is presented together with the description of diseases typical for the advanced age. The growing number of patients with eye diseases of advanced age and the comparatively low awareness of this fact within the medical community brought us to the publishing of the presented overview. It is necessary to increase the understanding of geriatric problems among ophthalmologists as well as to enhance the awareness of the age related changes in the eye during ageing among the physicians--non-ophthalmologists (namely among the general practitioners, internists, geriatrists) who treat seniors for other diseases. Namely they can meet in their everyday praxis the problems of drug interaction and the general and ophthalmologic side effects of various types of treatment. The use of ophthalmologic drugs (e.g. anti-glaucoma remedies) is connected with undesirable effects on the organism in any age and namely in elderly patients.

Aged↗

PubMed2004

[Comparison of clinical results between LASIK method and ICL implantation in high myopia].

In a retrospective study the authors evaluate clinical results of the LASIK (laser in situ keratomileusis) and the implantation of the implantable posterior chamber contact lens phakic IOL (ICL) (STAAR Surgical) to correct high myopia. The purpose of the study was to assess which of those two methods is more reliable in patients to correct myopia in the range -10.0 to -23.0 diopters. The LASIK method was presented of a group of 70 eyes of 48 patients with preoperative spherical equivalent average of -12.9 +/- 3.8 diopters (Dsf) and average astigmatism of -0.99 +/- 1.2 cylindrical diopters (Dcyl). The group was divided into two parts: one part was with the desired postoperative emmetropia--46 eyes (65.7%), and part two was with the desired postoperative residual myopia up to -3.0 Dsf--24 eyes (34.3%). The method of ICL implantation was presented of a group of 36 eyes of 21 patients with preoperative spherical equivalent average of -15.21 +/- 4.0 Dsf and average astigmatism of -0.92 +/- 0.69 Dcyl. Also this group was divided into two parts: One part was with the desired postoperative emmetropia--25 eyes (69.4%), and part two was with the desired postoperative residual myopia up to -3.0 Dsf--11 eyes (30.6%). The developments of postoperative refraction in time (1 week to 3 years after the surgery), the final postoperative refraction and its stability and (6 months to 3 years after the surgery) as well as the occurrence of complications in both studied groups were evaluated. In the assessment of the postoperative refraction development in groups of desired emmetropia, the average uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA), average postoperative spherical equivalent and astigmatism were evaluated. In the groups with desired residual myopia the average best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), average postoperative spherical equivalent, and astigmatism were followed. Three years after the surgery in groups with desired emmetropia, the average postoperative spherical equivalent was -0.99 Dsf and reduction of myopia by 92.0% in the LASIK method, and -0.52 Dsf and reduction of myopia by 96.1% in ICL implantation respectively. In cases of desired residual myopia those final values were -1.74 Dsf with reduction of myopia by 86% for LASIK, and -1.58 Dsf with reduction myopia by 90.7% for ICL implantation. Final postoperative BCVA (given in lines of Snellen optotypes) was in 1.7% (1 eye) loss of 2 lines, in 17.1% (12 eyes) 1 line loss, in 55.7% (39 eyes) without change, in 22.9% (16 eyes) improvement by one line. In ICL implantation, the BCVA was unchanged in 25% (9 eyes), in 72.3% (26 eyes) improved by 1 line, and in 1 eye improved by 2 lines. In the group with LASIK method, in 17.1% (12 eyes) a reoperation followed, and in the group with ICL implantation, in 2.7% (1 eye) the other operation followed (ICL explantation). From the results emerged that for high myopia over -10 Dsf is the ICL implantation more appropriate because of its faster postoperative visual rehabilitation, more stabile and better final postoperative refraction and lower complications ratio.

Adult↗

PubMed2003

[Implantation of the Starr Surgical intraocular posterior chamber lenses for phakic eyes in medium and higher levels of myopia and hyperopia].

Implantation of an Intraocular Posterior-chamber Lens for a Phacik Eye from STAAR Surgical Co. in Medium and Higher Grades of Myopia and Hyperopia Implantation of an intraocular Collamer lens for a phacic eye produced by STAAR Surgical (ICL) co. is a modern method of correction of medium and high-grade refractive defects--myopia and hyperopia. The authors evaluate the results of implantation of ICL Staar Surgical in 20 eyes of 13 patients (1 man and 12 women). Their mean age was 31.36 +/- 9.21 years and the follow-up period 1-54 months (mean 28.8 months +/- 12.42). The group was divided into two sub-groups--hyperopia (8 eyes) and myopia (12 eyes). The mean value of refraction before surgery was 28 D +/- 2.03 and +0.25 Dcyl manifest (in cycloplegia +7.6 +/- 2.28 D) (from 3.75 D to 10.0 D) in the group of hyperopia and -14.25 D +/- 5.68 and -1.81 Dcyl (from -5.5 D to -25.0 D) in the myopic group. The required postoperative refraction was in 17 eyes emmetropia and in 3 eyes residual myopia up to -3.0 D with regard to incipient presbyopia. The authors evaluate the resultant best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), the resultant postoperative refraction, the incidence of postoperative complications and changed density of endothelial cells in the centre of the cornea in the course of time. In the group of hyperopia improvement of the BCVA as compared with the preoperative value occurred by one line in two eyes (25%), in 5 eyes (62.5%) BCVA remained unchanged. In one instance deterioration by one line occurred due to a diminution of endothelial cells in the centre of the cornea after surgery. In the group of myopia in 7 eyes (58.3%) improvement by 1 line occurred, in 2 eyes (16.7%) by 2 lines and in 3 cases (25%) BCVA remained unchanged. The mean value of postoperative refraction in the myopic group in required emmetropia (9 eyes) was -0.77 +/- 1.62 D and in required residual myopia (3 eyes) -1.5 +/- 1.32 D. The mean value of postoperative refraction in the group of hyperopia was +0.57 +/- 0.5 D for far sight and +1.28 +/- 0.58 D for near sight. The most frequent early postoperative complications included keratitis striata in 5, epithelopathy in 3 and residues of viscoelastic material behind the ICL in 3 eyes. As to late postoperative complications, in 2 eyes a change in endothelial cell density was involved, in 12 eyes the syndrome of pigment dispersal and in one eye late decentration of ICL occurred with subsequent anterior subcapsular cataract. The change in density of endothelial cells was most markedly expressed 3 months after surgery in the hyperopic group. The advantage of ICL implantation is rapid postoperative visual rehabilitation, reversibility of the operation, preserved accommodation and satisfactory stability of the postoperative refraction.

Adult↗

PubMed2001

[Glaucoma and pitfalls in therapy in the elderly with multiple morbidity from the viewpoint of the geriatrician].

Glaucoma in multi-morbid patients is frequently treated by specialists non-ophthalmologists. The growing number of elderly patients with glaucoma and comparatively small knowledge on this disease among the medical workers brought us to review recent findings on the aetiology, pathogenesis, risks of development and namely the problems of glaucoma treatment, possible drug interactions and their side effects. Considering the growing incidence of glaucoma with age, general practitioners, internists, geriatrists and other specialists will face the problems of drug interactions and global or ophthalmological side effects during the polypharmacological treatment of their multi-morbid seniors. The article gives basic information on the problems of using antiglaucoma drugs and their effects on the organism and eyes. Effects of some foodstuff and medicaments used in therapy of other diseases on the intraocular pressure and glaucoma are also summarise.

Aged↗

PubMed2000

[Laser trabeculoplasty--present and future perspectives].

Laser trabeculoplasty has been used in the treatment of various types of glaucoma for nearly 20 years. It's intraocular pressure lowering effect through enhancement of aqueous outflow is well documented. In spite of this, the precise effect of laser trabeculoplasty in the trabecular meshwork is only partially understood. It is related to laser wave length, laser power, burns location, number of shots etc. The effectiveness of laser trabeculoplasty diminishes over time, but can be renewed with re-treatment. Laser trabeculoplasty has connected with minimum complications and it is most effective in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma, pigmentary glaucoma and the exfoliation syndrome glaucoma, though the long-term results of this microsurgery laser treatment are not quite indisputable.

Glaucoma↗

PubMed1990

[Combined use of ultrasound and radiodiagnostic methods in the diagnosis of posterior dislocation of the lens].

In a case record the authors present an account on a patient with an opaque media of the left eye on account of seclusion and occlusion of the pupil. The cause of the unilateral chronic uveitis was elucidated by ultrasonic examination with visualization type A. The cause was a calcified lens dislocated into the vitreous body and fixed to the posterior wall of the eye. The finding was confirmed by a negative X-ray picture and positive finding of a small foreign body with high density on CT. Dislocation of the lens occurred after a blow on the left eye during boxing 15 years before the patient sought medical assistance on account of a painful practically blind eyeball.

Adult↗

PubMed1987