PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

J Svendsen

Publications and source records attributed to J Svendsen.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

Blood serum characteristics of newborn pigs: comparison of unaffected pigs with pigs belonging to five mortality groups.

The blood serum levels of glucose, hemoglobin, insulin, cortisol, albumin, alpha-fetoprotein, alpha 2-macroglobulin f and s, alpha 2-antitrypsin inhibitor and alpha 1-protease inhibitor were determined at birth in 5 clinically and morphologically identified mortality groups of pigs. These were compared with the levels observed in unaffected, apparently normal newborn unsuckled pigs. The blood serum profile of the pigs in the stillborn intra partum, weak, splayleg and trauma groups, respectively, as well as that of clinically normal splayleg littermates, differed significantly from that of the unaffected pigs. This was especially true for the levels of hemoglobin and the two macroglobulins. The importance of placental insufficiency causing chronic episodes of hypoxia which ultimately lead to a disturbance in organ development in the etiology of the mortality groups is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Development of exocrine pancreas function in chronically cannulated pigs during 1-13 weeks of postnatal life.

The development of exocrine pancreas function was studied in Swedish Landrace pigs surgically fitted with a chronic pancreatic duct catheter and a duodenal re-entrant cannula. The juice secretion and output of total protein and trypsin activity were followed before (basal secretion) and after feeding (postprandial secretion) during the first 1-13 weeks of life. The results showed that throughout the suckling period, up to 4-5 weeks of age, the basal pancreas function remained low and the secretory response to feeding, i.e., nursing sow milk, was also low. After weaning, the pancreatic juice secretion as well as the output of protein and trypsin activity markedly increased with respect to both basal and postprandial levels. Furthermore, the enzyme composition of the pancreatic juice changed qualitatively during this period. During the first 2 weeks of life, the intravenous administration of cholecystokinin (CCK) and secretin did not stimulate exocrine function, but a significant effect was achieved from 3-4 weeks of age. These results showed that there was both an increase in exocrine pancreas function and a qualitative change in the hydrolytic enzyme pattern during porcine postnatal ontogeny, apparently correlated with the changes in diet around weaning. An increase in the response of the pancreas to hormonal stimulation was also observed during the suckling period.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1990

The role of periodontal probing depth in clinical decision-making.

This retrospective study examines the role of periodontal probing depth in clinical decision-making. The expected values of no treatment and surgical and non-surgical therapies were obtained by combining the probability of each treatment outcome and utility values denoting the preference for each outcome. The expected value for non-surgical therapy was higher for sextants exhibiting a positive response to initial therapy than sextants which did not respond to initial therapy (0.735 versus 0.706). This trend was not observed for sextants treated surgically. Surgical therapy was effective over all levels of disease severity and was the preferred form of therapy with respect to reduction of probing depth except for sextants exhibiting 4 to 5 mm pockets. In this latter situation, the expected value at 3 years for non-surgical and surgical therapy was 0.795 and 0.792, respectively. Neither form of therapy could consistently achieve periodontal probing depths equal to or less than 3 mm throughout a given sextant. This study facilitates the selection of an optimal therapeutic strategy with respect to periodontal probing depth.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Evaluation of simple tests for detection of HIV antibodies: analysis of interobserver variation in Tanzania.

200 sera were tested for HIV antibodies with different tests in Tanzania. The results were interpreted by 5 different observers with different laboratory experience. There was considerable variation between observers and between testing methods. HIV-Chek was easiest to perform with little interobserver variation, but a few probably false negative readings were seen. Serodia gave many false positives. Western Blots gave more diverging results due to indeterminate sera and lack of training. HIV-Chek seems best when time, facilities, and training are limited and if combined with Serodia false negative results can be excluded.

Blotting, Western↗
PubMed1990

Intestinal macromolecular transmission in underprivileged and unaffected newborn pigs: implication for survival of underprivileged pigs.

Passive immunisation of the newborn pig depends upon intestinal macromolecular transmission to the blood, which ceases within 18 to 36 hours after birth in fed pigs. Macromolecular transmission in newborn, unsuckled pigs was tested by gavage feeding bovine serum albumin and fluorescein isothiocyanate-labelled dextran (molecular weight 70 kDa) together with sow colostrum. Serum levels measured four hours after feeding showed that underweight pigs under 1.0 kg, both apparently normal and weak, had a greater capacity for transmission than did apparently normal pigs over 1.0 kg (unaffected). Weak pigs 1.0 kg, or more, had a transmission equivalent to that of unaffected pigs, indicating that they may be otherwise normal animals affected by birth. Splayleg pigs and their clinically unaffected littermates also showed a greater capacity for transmission than unaffected pigs; splayleg apparently involves the entire litter, although the expression of the syndrome varies. The capacity for transmission in the unaffected pig increased with litter size and decreased with an increase in weight and age after birth. In addition, it was shown that transmission was greater in pigs with higher glucose, insulin and alpha-fetoprotein concentrations and lower haemoglobin, cortisol and alpha 2-macroglobulin f concentrations at birth. It was concluded that immature pigs have a greater capacity for intestinal macromolecular transmission at birth than unaffected pigs over 1.0 kg. Since the capacity for macromolecular transmission decreases with age, the probability of their survival depends very much on the husbandry practices in the herd.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

A longitudinal evaluation of periodontal therapy using the CPITN index.

A retrospective 3-year longitudinal evaluation of periodontal therapy using the CPITN index was performed. Each sextant in 123 patients exhibiting moderate to advanced adult periodontitis was given a score that recorded the condition of the worst affected site in that sextant. Whereas very few sextants had an initial CPITN Code 0, the prevalence of sextants with an initial CPITN Code 4 was quite high. Posterior sextants with CPITN Code 4 were more likely treated with surgery than sextants with CPITN Code 3. Although surgery appeared to be more effective than non-surgical therapy in reducing the CPITN Codes for posterior sextants at 1 year, there were no differences between the 2 forms of therapy at the 3-year examination. Anterior sextants were treated with a non-surgical approach regardless of CPITN Code at either initial examination or reevaluation. The outcome of therapy in this study using the CPITN index is comparable to other studies utilizing mean pocket depth and attachment level. Although the CPITN index does not prescribe specific therapeutic interventions, this index provides a useful tool to monitor patients in the treatment of periodontitis.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Decrease in intestinal permeability to polyethylene glycol 1000 during development in the pig.

Changes in intestinal permeability during postnatal development in the pig were investigated by using different-sized polyethylene glycols in the Mr 766-1338 range (polyethylene glycol 1000) as permeability probes. Pigs of varying age, newborn (Oh), 36-45 h old and 22-28 days old, were gavage fed polyethylene glycol 1000 together with the macromolecular markers bovine serum albumin, ovalbumin or FITC-labelled dextran 70,000. The 4-h blood serum concentrations of the different markers were determined and taken as an estimate of their intestinal transmission. In the newborn pigs, high serum levels of polyethylene glycols were obtained, concomitant with high serum levels of bovine serum albumin and FITC-dextran. After intestinal macromolecular closure in the 36-45 h-old pigs, lower serum polyethylene glycol levels were found, especially of those with a Mr greater than 1100 Da. In the 22-28 days-old pigs, polyethylene glycol levels were reduced to one-tenth or less of those in the 36-45 h-old pigs, with the levels decreasing markedly with increasing molecular size. These results show that there is a correlation between the intestinal permeability of polyethylene glycols, especially those larger than 1100, and macromolecules in the newborn pig around intestinal closure, suggesting that such polyethylene glycols traverse the gut by the macromolecular route. During later development, further intestinal maturation results in a markedly reduced permeability to polyethylene glycol 1000.

Aging↗
PubMed1987

Cerebral atrophy in younger persons: a comparative study between clinical examinations and computed tomography.

Eighty-nine patients, all below the age of 50 and under suspicion of dementia underwent computed tomography. The degree of cerebral atrophy was visually estimated and also calculated using different ventricular diameters and the mean width of four cortical sulci. The degree of dementia was evaluated by a neurological specialist. No correlation between internal atrophy and the degree of dementia was found. In spite of a significant correlation between external atrophy and the degree of dementia, there was such overlap and underestimation that the value of computed tomography in quantifying atrophy in younger persons is very limited. In none of the patients did computed tomography disclose any organic cause of dementia.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Rare factor VII variant inherited through genetic variant in proband's mother and another genetic variant in proband's father.

An 11-year-old girl with hereditary factor-VII deficiency and her family have been studied for factor VII coagulation activity (VII:C) and factor VII antigen level (VII:Ag). The proband had 11% VII:C, whereas her VII:Ag was at a level that corresponds to about 50% coagulation activity. Forty-two members of the proband's family were tested. This study disclosed that the proband's factor VII deficiency had been inherited through both her mother and her father. Although her father was dead, testing of her father's family showed a factor VII defect of the type VII+ variant, that is, normal production of VII:Ag but reduced VII:C. The maternal side of her family was found to have reduced but identical levels of VII:C and VII:Ag (variant VIIR). The proband's factor VII deficiency is therefore apparently inherited through two different variants, and that could explain this rare genetic type of factor VII deficiency. To our knowledge no such variant has ever been described.

Antigens↗
PubMed1986

[Adult respiratory distress syndrome. Radiologic and clinical chemical findings].

Our present-day knowledge concerning the clinico-chemical and radiological findings in adult respiratory distress syndrome are described. Three typical case histories have been selected to illustrate this condition; they were due to multiple trauma or sepsis. It is stressed that radiology is in a key position for making the diagnosis and for observing the course of the illness.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

[CT study of brain atrophy--the value of various study methods].

55 rather young patients suspected of dementia were examined via CT to assess the comparative value of various CT examination methods to determine cerebral atrophy. The patients were assessed clinically and classified as normal (24), slightly demented (21) and moderately demented (10). There were no severely demented patients. The parameters measured consisted of several diameters and indexes as well as the volume of the ventricular system and of the subarachnoidal space. The atrophy level was also determined visually. With the exception of the breadth of the third ventricle there was no correlation between internal cerebral atrophy and the level of dementia. Neither the mean breadths of four external sulci nor the volume of the subarachnoidal space (both being representative of external atrophy) showed any significant correlation with the degree of dementia of the patients on the levels 0.005 or 0.025, respectively. However, the results were not better than those obtained by visual assessment of external atrophy. Reasons are discussed why objective measurements do not yield reliable results.

Atrophy↗
PubMed1986

[CT study of aortic aneurysms with complications].

Two case reports demonstrate the value of CT examination in abdominal aortic aneurysms with complications where the diagnosis is doubtful although an acute operation is not indicated. The method is non-invasive, rapid, does not require anaesthesia, and yields detailed anatomical information on vascular and other structures as desired. It is variable in accordance with the problems to be solved.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

Intestinal transmission of macromolecules (BSA and FITC-dextran) in the neonatal pig: enhancing effect of colostrum, proteins and proteinase inhibitors.

The effects of colostrum and constituents/factors in colostrum which may influence intestinal macromolecular transmission in the newborn preclosure pig were investigated. Unsuckled piglets were given, by use of a stomach tube, bovine serum albumin (BSA) and fluorescein-isothiocyanate (FITC)-labelled dextran 70,000 (FITC-D) as markers together with colostrum or the factors under study. The serum levels of BSA and FITC-D 4 h after feeding were then determined as a measure of the transfer. It was found that the two colostrums tested, bovine and especially porcine, markedly enhanced the transmission of both BSA and FITC-D. Furthermore, increasing amounts of the model proteins, BSA and bovine IgG (50-200 mg/ml), significantly increased the transfer of FITC-D, whereas unlabelled dextran 70,000 given in similar amounts did not. Proteinase inhibitors obtained from sow colostrum or soy bean also enhanced the transmission of both BSA and FITC-D while the inactive inhibitors, given as trypsin-inhibitor complexes, had no effect. On the other hand, addition of a proteinase, porcine trypsin, significantly decreased the transmission of FITC-D. These findings indicate that the intestinal transmission of macromolecules in the preclosure piglet is governed by the amount of protein available in the intestine. Therefore, feeding colostrum with a high protein content and proteinase inhibitors is likely to favour efficient intestinal transmission, although other colostrum factors may also be of importance.

Animals↗