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Biomedical subjects

J Szilvássy

Publications and source records attributed to J Szilvássy.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

Impaired bronchomotor responses to field stimulation in guinea-pigs with cisplatin-induced neuropathy.

Pre-treatment with cisplatin (3 mg/kg) i.p. once a day over 6 days induced sensory neuropathy as confirmed by femoral nerve conduction velocity test and significantly decreased contractions induced by electrical field stimulation (100 stimuli, 20 V, 0.1 ms, 20 Hz) in isolated main bronchial rings from guinea-pigs. The field stimulation-induced non-adrenergic, non-cholinergic (NANC) relaxations, however, were amplified in rings from animals with cisplatin neuropathy. The NANC relaxation response was completely blocked by 30 microM N(G)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester in preparations from both control and cisplatin-treated animals. Superoxide dismutase (40 units/ml) was without effect on NANC relaxation in control rings, however, it substantially decreased NANC relaxation in preparations from animals with cisplatin neuropathy. These results show that cisplatin-induced sensory neuropathy is accompanied by attenuation of neural bronchoconstriction and an enhanced NANC relaxation. The latter is in part attained by an increased peripheral superoxide production.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Cochlear implantation in osteogenesis imperfecta.

A case is reported in which a Nucleus 22 channel intracochlear implant was applied to a Hungarian woman (age 50 yr) with profound deafness associated with osteogenesis imperfecta. Successful intracochlear insertion of the 22 electrodes resulted in a 70 dB hearing improvement at frequencies 250-2000 HZ. Nevertheless, a characteristic facial twitching appeared upon activation of electrodes 9-13. Inactivation of these electrodes abolished the non-acoustic nerve excitation with preservation of acoustic performance. Osteogenesis imperfecta may involve a state of risk for non-acoustic nerve activation in cochlear implant patients possibly resulting from a reduced impedance to current spread by abnormal bone tissue. This, however can be overcome by simple programming manoeuvres.

Cochlear Implantation↗
PubMed1994

Regional differences in nitric oxide-mediated relaxation of the rabbit sphincter of Oddi.

We studied the role of the L-arginine-nitric oxide (NO) pathway in non-adrenergic, non-cholinergic (NANC) relaxation of the rabbit sphincter of Oddi by recording changes in isometric tension in response to electrical field stimulation in two series of experiments. In a first set of experiments, biliary sphincters of Oddi removed from New Zealand white rabbits were placed horizontally in an organ bath containing oxygenized, buffered (pH 7.4) Krebs solution. Contractile responses of the whole sphincter to field stimulation were determined. In the second set of experiments, sphincter of Oddi was divided into two parts and the effects of field stimulation were studied separately on areas close to the duodenal papilla (area I) and areas close to the common bile duct (area II). In the whole sphincter of Oddi, field stimulation induced an initial twitch-like contraction followed by relaxation proportional to the number of stimuli (3 and 10 stimuli at 20 Hz, 50 V, 0.1 ms). The magnitude of the contractile responses was considerably reduced by 1 microM atropine, phentolamine and oxprenolol (NANC solution). Field stimulation produced dose-dependent contractions of both segments of sphincter of Oddi in response to the same protocol as used with whole sphincter of Oddi. However, preincubation with NANC solution produced monophasic relaxations in response to field stimulation in area I, whereas area II preparations such as the whole sphincter of Oddi responded with contractions followed by minimal relaxations. Field stimulation failed to induce either contractions or relaxations in the presence of 1 microM tetrodotoxin.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Preparation, reconstruction and interpretation of seven human skeletons from the late Bronze age (urn-field-culture) found at a storage pit in Stillfried/March, lower Austria.

In the first published paper "Stillfried-Archäologie-Anthropologie" (Felgenhauer, Szilvássy, Kritscher & Hauser 1988) emphasis of study was laid on morphological, metric and radiological analyses of the 7 skeletons from the late Bronze age (urn-field-culture) found at a storage pit in Stillfried/March in Lower Austria. The present publication deals with the methods of reconstruction of this spectacular discovery. When the skeletal material was disinterred in 1976 it was decided to make appropriate arrangements for an in-situ-presentation at a later stage. After the preparatory work and the scientific investigations were concluded, an in-situ presentation of the 7 skeletons was placed as a key-exhibit in the anthropological displays in the Natural History Museum in Vienna. The 7 skeletons represent three grown-ups and four children i.e. a man about thirty years of age, a woman of forty and one of forty five years of age, as well as a girl of nine and three boys eight, six and three years of age. The reconstruction of this outstanding discovery demanded not only an answer to the genealogical question but also an interpretation of the circumstances of death making use of forensic evidence. Additionally, the personal state of the seven individuals, their physical shape, state of health, and their racial attachment were discussed.

Austria↗
PubMed1990

Estimation of chronological age in man based on the spongy structure of long bones.

Estimation of chronological age in man from the spongy structure of long bones is demonstrated. The proposed method can be applied in the living and on skeletons in forensic and historical anthropology. Scoring is always based on radiographic or direct observation of structure, density and age related changes on the spongiosa and the cortex in the proximal parts of humerus and femur. On numerous cadavers of known age, sex and provenience of the Institute of Forensic Medicine of the University of Vienna, Austria, seven morphological stages were differentiated which are characteristic for seven age classes, each of ten years width. These stages are described and demonstrated graphically and in photographs. The capacity of the method is illustrated in two examples.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Data collection of form and ridge variations of the human palate].

In order to permit uniform notation and evaluation of palatinal form and palatinal ridges a morphological recording schedule including a revised methodology is introduced. By means of actual case reports the general validity of including palatinal form and ridge variation with forensic paternity expertises as well as the advantage of the schedule proposed is demonstrated. However, also the usefulness of the schedule for intra- and interpopulation and family studies is stressed by the authors.

Anthropometry↗
PubMed1981

[Development of the frontal sinuses].

Variability studies on frontal sinuses, covering the age range from childhood to adulthood have been neglected in literature up to now. On a total of 215 children and youths from 3-17 years (117 boys and 98 girls), the growth rate of the frontal sinuses had been examined. The difference between males and females proved to be quite interesting. The frontal sinuses of girls increase evenly in size during the years, whereby from 1-5 years the development runs parallel with boys and girls. From 8-12 years the growth rate of male frontal sinuses is very low, causing a retardation of growth on boys in comparison to girls. After that period, however, a substantial acceleration of the growth rate takes place, so, that at the age from 14-15 years the frontal sinuses of the males have surpassed the female ones referring to size. At the age of 18 years the forming of frontal sinuses can be considered as finished.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

[Partial trisomy 9 with partial retention of the long arm (author's transl)].

A new case of partial trisomy 9 is reported. The characteristic clinical features consist of: 1. Microcephaly, enophthalmos, antimongloid slant of the eyes, hypertelorism, protruding ears, large nose, downward slant of the mouth corners, hypoplasia of phalanges. 2. Abnormal dermal ridge system and crease picture: irregularities of the ridge pattern of finger prints, palms and soles, a much reduced total ridge count (TRC), transverse palmar crease on both palms, underdevelopment of the C line. 3 Severe mental retardation. However, this case represents a variation of the chromosomal anomaly described so far, in as much as an important part of the long arm of the additional chromosome 9 is present.

Age Determination by Skeleton↗
PubMed1976

[Results of dermatoglyphic studies in the Roussy-Lévy syndrome].

Dermatoglyphics performed on the three persons with fully developed RLS as well as on those with partial symptomatology revealed a striking agreement as to their pappilary systems and the characteristic deviation from the norm: irregularities on the pattern of the ridges of the finger and toe prints and on the soles and palms, a much reduced "total ridge count" (TRC), predominant bow patterns on the toe prints, grid-and reticularpatterned white lines on the soles and palms, loop proliferation on the soles and special shapes of the transverse palmar crease.

Child↗