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J Sznajd

Publications and source records attributed to J Sznajd.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Plasma lipid and lipoprotein levels among rural and urban populations in Poland in relation to risk factors of coronary disease].

There are significant differences in plasma total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides and blood pressure, prevalence of cigarette smoking, obesity, education level and alcohol consumption found between the rural and industrial populations in Poland. It was found that the differences in plasma lipids and lipoproteins concentration are related to the differences in age, sex, education level, alcohol consumption, obesity, cigarette smoking and blood pressure. Increase of education level was related to increase in plasma concentration of total cholesterol. LDL-cholesterol and triglycerides but it was related to decrease of HDL-cholesterol. After the adjustment to all above factors the differences in total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol between the studied populations appeared insignificant. The differences in HDL-cholesterol and triglycerides remained significant.

Coronary Disease↗
PubMed1990

[Comparison of parameters and factors affecting the differences in obesity among urban population of Warsaw and the rural agricultural-industrial population of the Tarnobrzeg province].

Comparison of the parameters of obesity between two populations, urban from Warsaw and agricultural-industrial from Tarnobrzeg province revealed that skinfolds thickness, Quetelet index and body fat index, and per cent of overweight were statistically significantly higher in men from urban population. In the group of women these parameters were also statistically higher in Warsaw population with the exception of triceps skinfold and Quetelet index--differences of no statistical significance. There were also differences in the set of variables which correlate with the parameters of obesity between these two tested populations.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1990

[Regional conditions of the smoking habit-- the POL-MONICA 1984 studies].

The POL-MONICA Project screened in 1984 1309 men and 1337 women aged 35 to 64 years, inhabitants of Warsaw (the Warsaw centre) and 1250 men and 1472 women aged 35 to 64 years, inhabitants of the Tarnobrzeg province (the Cracow centre). In both environments the percentage of smoking men was similar (about 57%). Women from big city environment smoked three times more frequently (33.1%) than in the agricultural areas (10.7%). The smoking intensity was higher in the agricultural areas both among men and women. It has been stated that smoking habit depends on such social or demographic patterns as age, sex, civil state, education, physical activity related to work. Smoking influenced significantly the level of such risk factors as systolic arterial blood pressure, the fat body content in both men and women, and the HDL-cholesterol in women from both environments.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Hypertension--diagnosis, treatment and the effectiveness of the treatment of Polish population participating in the POL-MONICA program].

According to the POL-MONICA program basing on screening studies of random population samples of two Warsaw districts and the Tarnobrzeg provinceip the detectability of arterial hypertension (AH), the AH treatment fact, the effectiveness+ of AH treatment and the populational control of AH has been evaluated. The AH control was better in Warsaw (men 55%, women 73%) than in the Tarnobrzeg province (men 44%, women 65%). In both populations the control was better among women than among men and increased with the age of subjects investigated. In both populations the treatment was introduced only in half of detected AH and increased also with the age of subjects studied. Only 20% men and 25% of women in Warsaw and 35% of men and 42% of women in the Tarnobrzeg province was effectively treated. The AH control in the Warsaw population was twice a lower than in the Tarnobrzeg province (Warsaw: men 5%, women 10%, Tarnobrzeg: men 7%, women 16%). Exceptionally bad control of HT has been stated in the youngest and the middle age men group in Warsaw (2.9%). The patterns studied with the use of MLF functions in both population studied have significant influence on the detectability and the AH treatment fact and remain without the influence of effectivity of treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Poland and US collaborative study on cardiovascular epidemiology. I. Introduction and baseline findings.

The Poland-US Agreement for Health Cooperation has as its goal the sharing of scientific information in cardiovascular disease epidemiology between the two countries. Patterns of cardiovascular disease and identification of risk factors were investigated through two large epidemiologic studies, the Pol-Monica Study in Poland and the US Lipid Research Clinics Program Prevalence Study in the United States. These two studies are described with regard to methodological issues, comparability of data collection procedures, and demographic and behavioral characteristics of the two populations involved. Mean blood pressure, lipids, and body mass indices of participants in these studies are also compared.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Poland and US collaborative study on cardiovascular epidemiology. II. Correlates of lipids and lipoproteins in men and women aged 35-64 years from selected Polish rural, Polish urban, and US samples.

Three diverse samples of men and women aged 35-64 years living in urban Poland, rural Poland, and the United States, are described and subsequently analyzed by multiple regression methods. Total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, and the natural logarithm (ln) of triglycerides are treated separately as dependent variables, with several demographic, behavioral, and biologic factors as independent variables. In the analyses of total cholesterol, systolic blood pressure was statistically significant in men and women in all three samples, while Quetelet index, cigarette smoking, age, ethanol consumption, and education were significant in at least one of the samples. In the LDL cholesterol analyses, Quetelet index and cigarette smoking were the predominant variables; in the HDL cholesterol analyses, Quetelet index, cigarette smoking, ethanol consumption, and age were key variables; and in the ln triglycerides analyses, Quetelet index, cigarette smoking, education, and systolic blood pressure were significant.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Poland and US collaborative study on cardiovascular epidemiology. III. Correlates of systolic and diastolic blood pressure in men and women aged 35-64 years from selected Polish rural, Polish urban, and US samples.

Three diverse samples of men and women aged 35-64 years living in urban Poland, rural Poland, and the United States are described and subsequently analyzed using systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure separately as dependent variables in multiple regression. Several demographic, behavioral, and biologic factors are included in the models as independent variables. Heart rate, Quetelet index, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, and the natural logarithm of triglycerides were statistically significant in accounting for variation in systolic pressure in men in all three samples, whereas only heart rate and Quetelet index were significant in women in all samples. In the analysis of diastolic pressure, Quetelet index, heart rate, and ethanol consumption were statistically significant in men in all three samples, while only Quetelet index and heart rate were significant in women in all samples.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Results from a comparative dietary assessment in Europe: I. Comparison of dietary information derived from concurrently applied frequency questionnaires and quantitative measurement instruments.

Data from four central European dietary investigations carried out between 1982 and 1984 in the German Democratic Republic, Poland and the Federal Republic of Germany applying both a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and a quantitative recording instrument (24-h recall, 3-d record or 10- to 14-d record) were analysed to compare frequency of food consumption as reported by the FFQ with the corresponding information as derived from the quantitative instrument. The actual intake was found to be overestimated by the FFQ for categories of frequent consumption and underestimated for categories of rare consumption. Categories for which both instruments yielded similar estimates of frequency were found to vary between food items and to depend on the overall frequency of consumption of an item. This indicates that when using unvalidated FFQs and taking their FFQ-categories literally artificial differences of food consumption within the population(s) under study can be introduced. This implies also the tendency that the average food intake estimated through FFQs can yield unrealistically high values for items consumed frequently.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Results from a comparative dietary assessment in Europe: II. Feasibility of pooling individual-based dietary data between countries.

Dietary investigations in four central European survey populations carried out in the German Democratic Republic, Poland and Denmark between 1982 and 1984 using different methodologies were analysed in order to assess the possibilities of characterizing the dietary habits of individual survey participants in a comparable fashion. This was done with the view of assessing the feasibility of a pooled cancer cohort study. For this purpose a method has been devised to combine dietary information derived by food frequency questionnaires and quantitative recording methods into a quantitative characterization of individuals' habits. A comparable characterization between different cultural settings could be demonstrated for a selected list of food items. The selection was determined by the food items considered in common in the different food frequency questionnaires and yielding sufficient and comparable variation as well as absolute amounts of intake. This was more clearly found for food items such as 'fruit' which experience a concise role in dietary habits. However, the observed discrepancies of the different dietary methods within the countries, and, most importantly, between the countries, result in distributions of average daily consumption values which are not deemed to be comparable.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Oxidation of amino acids and peptides in reaction with myeloperoxidase, chloride and hydrogen peroxide.

Oxidation was studied of N-acetyl derivatives of cystine, cysteine, methionine and glycyltryptophan employing the myeloperoxidase-Cl--H2O2 system at pH 4.5, 6.0 and 7.0. Moreover, oxidation of pentapeptide composed of Leu-Trp-Met-Arg-Phe-COOH with myeloperoxidase (donor:hydrogen-peroxide oxidoreductase, EC 1.11.1.7) and hypochlorite was also studied. It was found that amino-acid derivatives having an amino group bound to an acetyl residue react with functional groups of the side-chain. The -SH groups of N-acetylcysteine and the -SS- group of cystine oxidize to cysteic acid. Methionine residues oxidize to methionine sulphoxide, and tryptophan residues to a derivative of 2-oxoindolone. The same reaction products were obtained when respective amounts of hypochlorous acid were used instead of myeloperoxidase, Cl- and H2O2. Differences in the stoichiometry of reactions of myeloperoxidase-mediated oxidation and hypochlorite oxidation suggest differences in the reaction mechanisms of both studied systems. Interaction of the studied pentapeptide with myeloperoxidase-Cl(-)-H2O2 system as well as with hypochlorite showed that in the peptide molecule individual amino acids oxidize consecutively according to their susceptibility to oxidation. No splitting of peptide bonds was observed. Therefore, a modified peptide with methionine sulphoxide and and oxidized tryptophan incorporated into the molecule was obtained.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1988

Pol-MONICA Cracow on-going study: initial findings.

The findings after the first year of the study are presented. The study population is 282,052 men and women aged 25-64 years, current residents of rural Tarnobrzeg Voivodeship. The population is characterized by a declining linear trend in ischemic heart disease (IHD) mortality in men aged 35-44 years. The myocardial infarction (MI) incidence (per 100,000 residents) is 233 in men and 68 in women. The MI death rates (per 100,000 residents) are 128 for men and 29 for women. The MI 28-day case fatality is 44% for men and 41% for women. The most frequent risk factors are: smoking in men (58%) and obesity in women (40%). Around one-quarter of the men and of the women are hypertensive. The rates for hypercholesterolemia are 9% in men and 13% in women.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Action of myeloperoxidase-hydrogen peroxide-chloride system on the egg white lysozyme.

The enzyme system composed of human neutrophilic myeloperoxidase (H2O2-oxidoreductase, EC 1.11.1.7), H2O2 and Cl-, at pH 4.5 interacts with egg white lysozyme (EC 3.2.1.17) in several stages. In the first stage, occurring at lysozyme to H2O2 molar ratio of 1:1.4-1.8, the lysozyme loses its enzyme activity but does not yield any derivative distinguishable from the native protein on polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE). The second stage of oxidation begins at lysozyme to H2O2 molar ratio above 1:5, producing a change in the lysozyme spectrum at 260-290 nm, and yielding protein derivatives with molecular masses equal to multiples of 14.3 kDa, i.e. the lysozyme molecular mass. This implies that an excessive oxidation of lysozyme by the myeloperoxidase-H2O2-Cl- system produces cross-linking of lysozyme molecules to di-, tri-, tetra-, and pentameric structures. At lysozyme to H2O2 molar ratio exceeding 1:12 a water insoluble white product, which consists of a set of lysozyme cross-linked derivatives, is obtained.

Acetylcysteine↗