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Biomedical subjects

J T Hardman

Publications and source records attributed to J T Hardman.

16 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1999

Nontraumatic spinal cord injury: incidence, epidemiology, and functional outcome.

OBJECTIVES: To identify and compare the incidence, demographics, neurologic presentation, and functional outcome of individuals with nontraumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) to individuals with traumatic SCI. DESIGN: A 5-year prospective study. SETTING: Level I trauma center of a Regional SCI Model System. PATIENTS: Two hundred twenty adult SCI admissions. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Demographics, etiology, level and completeness of injury, Functional Independent Measure (FIM) scores. RESULTS: Of SCI admissions, 39% were nontraumatic in etiology (spinal stenosis, 54%; tumor, 26%). Compared to subjects with traumatic SCI, those individuals with nontraumatic SCI were significantly (p < .01) older and were more likely married, female, and retired. Injury characteristics revealed significantly more paraplegia and incomplete SCI within the nontraumatic SCI group (p < .01). Both nontraumatic and traumatic SCI individuals had significant FIM changes from rehabilitation admission to discharge (p < .01). Those with tetraplegia-incomplete nontraumatic SCI had significantly higher admission motor FIM scores and shorter rehabilitation length of stay than in the traumatic group (p < .05). Paraplegic-complete and paraplegic-incomplete nontraumatic SCI subjects had lower discharge motor FIM scores, FIM change, and FIM efficiency than those with traumatic SCI. Similar discharge-to-home rates were noted in both nontraumatic and traumatic SCI groups. CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that individuals with nontraumatic SCI represent a significant proportion of SCI rehabilitation admissions and, although differing from those with traumatic SCI in demographic and injury patterns, can achieve similar functional outcomes.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Microcomputer software simulating problems in Rh immune globulin prophylaxis and hemolytic disease of the newborn.

Our purpose was to develop educational software that would simulate laboratory investigation of problems in Rh immune globulin prophylaxis and hemolytic disease of the newborn. An interactive, branching style program was developed using a 256K Penonal Computer (International Business Machines, Boca Raton, FL). The software has been used in over 125 institutions for preprofessional and continuing professional education.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1991

Antibody detection using pooled sera and a solid phase system.

The purpose of the study was to evaluate the feasibility of substituting the Immucor Capture-R solid phase (SP) antibody detection system for our routine donor antibody screen. Our routine procedure (RP) used a 12-drop pool of six donor sera and one drop of pooled reagent red cells, with 37 degrees C incubation and indirect antiglobulin test readings. The SP system was used according to the manufacturer's directions except that one drop of the pooled sera (rather than an individual serum) was added to each microwell. In parallel tests of 888 donor pools and of 70 stored sera containing known alloantibodies, results with SP were comparable to results with RP. After implementation of SP for donor antibody detection, 1,135 donor pools were tested. Results with SP appeared satisfactory when compared to previous records. We concluded that Immucor Capture-R system can be used for antibody detection using pooled donor sera.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1989

Investigation of transfusion reactions through microcomputer education software.

The purpose of this study was to develop educational software to simulate laboratory investigation of transfusion reactions. An interactive, branching-style program was developed using a 256K Personal Computer (International Business Machines, Boca Raton, FL). Over 75 institutions in the United States and Canada are currently using the software in preprofessional and continuing professional education programs.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1989

A simple alternative for Rh phenotyping red cells that have a persistently positive Rh control.

Investigation of a patient's red cell sample with a persistently positive Rh control revealed that if the patient's red cells were treated with ZZAP, then incubated at 37 degrees C with commercial Rhtyping reagents, then washed four times with saline, the positive Rh control could be circumvented and the Rh phenotype readily determined. One hundred red cell samples of known Rh phenotype were treated with ZZAP and coated with autoantibody to resemble the cells of the index case. Accurate results were obtained when these modified cell samples were tested against Rh typing reagents from three manufacturers using a 37 degrees C incubation followed by four saline washes. The procedure, termed Z37W, appears to be a simple alternative that can assist in determination of Rh phenotypes when the Rh control is positive.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1984

Fatal intravascular immune hemolysis induced by hydrochlorothiazide.

A patient receiving antihypertensive therapy developed acute intravascular hemolysis and died. Hemolysis was due to an immune process associated with antibody to thiazide. Only two other cases have been reported. Thiazide-induced hemolysis appears to be confined to those patients treated concommitantly with methyldopa.

Anemia, Hemolytic↗
PubMed1983

Salivary ABO antibodies and periodontal disease.

The purpose of this study was to determine and to compare the titers of salivary anti-A and anti-B antibodies in two groups of patients with periodontal disease as measured by Russell's Periodontal Index (PI). Forty volunteer subjects, who were new patients assigned to a screening clinic, were selected for the study based on the following criteria: (1) blood group, (2) medical history, (3) age and (4) periodontal condition. One group of patients (N = 20) had a PI of less than 2.0 and the other group of patients (N = 20) had a PI of greater than 4.0. Following screening, a 10-ml sample of unstimulated whole saliva was collected, centrifuged and frozen. Within 30 days the saliva was thawed, titrated and tested for presence of anti-A and anti-B. Saliva agglutinin titers were determined using a variation of previous testing techniques. Statistically significant differences between the two groups were not obtained in the titers of salivary anti-A (U = 192.5; P greater than 0.1) or the titers of salivary anti-B (U = 162.8; P greater than 0.1). All 40 group O patients were found to have anti-A and anti-B in their saliva.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1980

Characterization of human erythrocyte alloantibodies by IgG subclass and monocyte interaction.

Human blood group antibodies of 11 specificities were examined for ability to mediate interaction with normal blood monocytes, IgG subclass composition, and titer score. Most antibodies were normally non-complement-binding (except anti-JKa) and clinically significant (except anti-Lub). A simple and relatively rapid in-vitro assay for the visualization of sensitized erythrocyte-monocyte interaction is described. Capillary procedures were adapted for IgG subclass composition determinations. Standard serologic tests were used to assess antibody titer score. A relationship appeared to exist between increased antibody titer score and increased interaction of sensitized erythrocytes (RBC) with normal blood monocytes (MNL), insofar as the mean titer score for antibodies that did mediate significant interaction was 52, whereas titer scores for antibodies that did not averaged 25. One or more examples within all antibody specificity, mediated significant RBC-MNL interaction. No relationship was observed between IgG subclass composition and mediation of RBC-MNL interaction except that all antibodies that did mediate interaction contained IgG1 or IgG3. Characteristic patterns of IgG subclass composition were observed for many antibody specificity groups, although too few examples were tested for valid statistical analysis. This study identifies two features of common blood group antibody populations that are instrumental in mediating erythrocyte destruction by monocytes in vitro. Similar information may be of value in predicting the result of erythrocytes transfused to patients with antibodies of unknown clinical significance.

Cell Adhesion↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Hemolytic disease of the newborn associated with anti-Jk3.

This report documents a mild case of hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN) associated with anti-Jk3. The Filipino mother had previously had six children none of whom had been affected by HDN. She had been transfused at the time of her second pregnancy. Anti-Jkb and anti-Jk3 were detected in the maternal serum at the time of her seventh delivery. No prenatal serologic tests for blood group antibodies had been performed. The cord blood was found to have a positive direct antiglobulin test and anti-Jkb plus anti-Jk3 were eluted. The infant was treated with phototherapy.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Anti-s reagents.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Female↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A modified capillary test using 4% ficin.

A capillary technique is described for economical Rh-phenotyping of large numbers of blood samples using diluted antisera and 4% ficin solution. This system is no more time consuming that conventional tube techniques, since enzyme premodification of the cells is not required.

Blood Grouping and Crossmatching↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Hemagglutination in capillaries: correlation with blood group specificity and IgG subclass.

Two hundred four examples of blood group antibodies, reactive only by the indirect antiglobulin test, were examined by the two-layer albumin capillary (TLAC) technique. Fifty-nine per cent of the examples tested were reactive by this technique. TLAC reactivity appeared to be related to antibody specificity, but a positive association between TLAC reactivity and IgG subclass composition was not confirmed.

Antibody Specificity↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Incompatibility associated with the bite of a brown recluse spider (Loxosceles reclusa).

Red cell samples from a patient who was suffering from massive hemolysis due to a brown recluse spider (Loxosceles reclusa) bite were found to be reactive by indirect antiglobulin test with most ABO-compatible serum samples. Spider venom, enzymes related to those in spider venom, and antisera to plasma proteins and Rh antigens were used to investigate the unusual reactivity of the patient's cells. IgG was detected on the patient's cells by indirect antiglobulin tests. Cells treated with brown recluse spider venom or phosphatidylcholine phosphatidohydrolase reacted similarly. These findings suggest that sphingomyelinase D, which has been identified in brown recluse spider venom, may be related to the unusual reactivity of the patient's cells. Unexpected reactions were observed when venom-treated cells were tested with Rh antibodies: O negative cells absorbed and eluted anti-D from Rh immune globulin; E negative cells were reactive with a commercial anti-E reagent.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Range forb lectins.

In this study we tested the seeds of uncultivated plants for lectin activity. Extracts prepared from the seeds of 167 forb species were tested against human red cell samples. Extracts of 54 species agglutinated unmodified or enzyme-modified red cells. In nine species, the hemagglutinating lectin activity could be neutralized by N-acetyl-D-galactosamine, mannose, or glucose.

Hemagglutination Tests↗