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Biomedical subjects

J T Kelley

Publications and source records attributed to J T Kelley.

13 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1997

One method for assessing HIV/AIDS peer-education programs.

This study offers a new evaluation methodology for peer-education programs. Peer educators' knowledge, self-esteem, peer pressure, and the number of friends, neighbors, and relatives given HIV/AIDS information were compared before and after training using self-administered questionnaires. Significant changes were observed in knowledge, peer pressure, self-efficacy, numbers of people given condoms, number of formal and informal HIV/AIDS presentations, and numbers of HIV/AIDS discussions with friends and neighbors.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Reliability of rapid clinical staging of all night sleep EEG.

The recording of all night sleep EEGs on a portable cassette recorder, and the rapid visual staging of the sleep records at 20 times real time, represent innovations in sleep research methodology. The reliability of sleep stager percentages obtained in this way is examined in this article. In the first of two studies, all night sleep records for six individuals were each staged twice by each of two qualified electroencephalographers. Inter-rater and intra-rater reliability assessed by intraclass correlation methods was modest, requiring the averaging of results from two judges to reach acceptable levels. Following consistency training, the two electroencephalographers staged all night sleep records for six additional subjects. Acceptable reliability was achieved in measurement of stages 2, 3, 4 and REM, although difficulty in reliably distinguishing stage 1 from the awake stage persisted. On the basis of these results, rapidly paced visual interpretation of sleep records at 20 times real time is recommended as a feasible way of meeting demands imposed by innovations in the technology of recording sleep EEGs.

Electroencephalography↗
PubMed1985

Failure of Pavulon to consistently provide adequate EMG attenuation for recording electrocerebral inactivity.

It is important for the electroencephalographer to consult regularly and closely with the clinician ordering EEGs. This is particularly true in the relatively specialized area of recording for confirmation or support of the clinical impression of brain death. In the instances when a record is being run primarily to confirm the absence of electrocortical activity, it is clearly possible that artifact may be so high in the recording that such a determination is difficult or impossible. A particular artifact of concern is that of persisting muscle potential. As demonstrated in the cases above, this can be promptly eliminated with the use of the muscle relaxant succinylcholine chloride (Anectine). Often the use of pancuronium bromide (Pavulon) at a level that causes an equal clinical relaxation, leaves residual electrical muscle potentials that continue to make interpretation of the EEG difficult, if not actually impossible with any degree of certainty.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

The relationship between flash evoked potentials and evoked amplitude modulation patterns of an applied UHF electromagnetic field in the rat.

Pilot studies demonstrate evidence that the electrophysiological processes associated with flash stimulation of the central nervous system (CNS) of rats, as seen in the recordings of visual-evoked potentials, may also be detectable using an ultrahigh frequency electromagnetic field (UHFEMF). Patterns of amplitude modulation of an applied UHFEMF, when recorded and averaged, show strong correlations with simultaneously recorded evoked potentials. The data support the hypothesis that the UHFEMF amplitude is altered in a dynamic fashion by the tissue's electrophysiological processes that are involved with the generation of CNS electric fields.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Effects of age and alcohol abuse on pattern reversal visual evoked potentials.

The Pattern Reversal Visual Evoked Potential (PRVEP) was recorded in normal subjects and alcoholics. The recordings were made from the patients during withdrawal and repeated after three weeks of detoxification. It was found that the N76 latency was longer in the alcoholic patient in the withdrawal phase than in the normal subjects. The latency returned to normal range after detoxification in younger alcoholic patients but did not in the older alcoholics. The age-related increase in the N76 latency in the alcoholic patients was similar to that in normal subjects but more exaggerated. For alcoholics, the age-related change in the N76 latency reached significance, but was only a trend in normal subjects. The P100 latency demonstrated significant age-related change, but far less modification related to the alcoholism than the N76 latency. It is unclear at present whether the failure of the latency to return to normal in older patients after detoxification is related to longer periods of excessive drinking, or to a particular vulnerability of the older patients to continued use of alcohol.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Identification and preliminary characterization of Vibrio cholerae outer membrane proteins.

Outer membrane proteins of Vibrio cholerae were purified by sucrose density centrifugation and Triton X-100 extraction at 10 mM Mg2+. The proteins were separated by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate. V. cholerae outer membrane proteins presented a unique pattern when compared with the patterns of other gram-negative rods. There were 8 to 10 major bands (Mr 94,000 to 27,000), with most of the protein located in band 5 (Mr approximately 45,000), which thus appears to be the major structural protein of the outer membrane. Lipid and carbohydrate were associated with band 6.

Bacterial Proteins↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Varying rates of alcohol metabolism in relation to detoxification medication.

Fifteen patients admitted for alcohol dependency had serial blood alcohol levels drawn. The rate of metabolism was calculated a number of different ways and this was compared to the amount of Librium required for the initial period of withdrawal. It was found that the alcoholics' average metabolism was 26.6 mg%/hour. Although there was a tendency for those with high initial blood alcohol levels to have faster metabolisms, there was not a significant correlation between the two features. There was correlation between the amount of Librium used in the initial period of detoxification and the initial blood alcohol concentration.

Alcoholism↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Persistence of depression in detoxified alcoholics.

Although many alcoholics appear depressed upon entry into an alcoholism treatment program, the depressive features tend to disappear in most cases after only a few weeks of sobriety in an appropriate treatment setting. This report is concerned with understanding factors that mediate for persistence of depression in some detoxified alcoholics. Among four relatively independent aspects of alcohol-related behavior measured by the Drinking Behavior Interview, only one factor, that related to disruption in close personal relationships, was found to correlate significantly with level of self-reported depression at the end of a 4-week treatment program. These results and those from a previous study are discussed in terms of the loss of social support.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Electroencephalogram monitoring during carotid endarterectomy.

Cerebral protection during carotid endarterectomy is of critical importance. This study reviews our experience with continuous EEG monitoring under general anesthesia during carotid endarterectomy. This experience defines indications for intraluminal shunting based upon electroencephalographic criteria as well as defining the utility of EEG monitoring of both intraoperative anesthesia and the post operative course.

Aged↗