Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to J T Knape.
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Human lymphocytes obtained from tonsils and peripheral blood were found to bind human fluid phase C3b, obtained by trypsin treatment. This binding was detected by indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) using specific anti-C3 antisera. Lymphocytes isolated from thymus tissue scored low percentages in IIF, indicating that the main population of thymus-derived lymphocytes are T cells. The distribution pattern of C3b-binding cells was compared with that of cells forming rosettes with sheep erythrocytes coated with antibody and complement (EAC) and with sheep erythrocytes (E) only, as well as with that of Ig-bearing lymphocytes, as detected by direct immunofluorescence. It appeared that the distribution pattern of lymphocytes which can bind fluid phase C3b is similar to that of EAC rosette-forming and of Ig-bearing lymphocytes. Pre-incubation of the lymphocytes with C3b and pretreatment of the cells with trypsin decreased the capacity to form rosettes and to bind C3b to their surface. Human monocytes granulocytes and erythrocytes did not bind fluid phase C3b, as judged by IIF. Therefore, the selective binding of fluid phase C3b to lymphocytes provides a specific method for the detection of complement-reactive lymphocytes in lymphoid cell preparations.
Vasopressin caused a potent vasoconstrictor effect in pithed rat preparations, without significantly altering heart rate. The vasopressor/constrictor response to vasopressin was not influenced by bilateral adrenalectomy, reserpine pretreatment or the prior administration of the alpha-adrenoceptor antagonists prazosin and yohimbine. The minor impairments of vasopressin-induced vasoconstriction by bilateral nephrectomy, captopril and the calcium entry blockers verapamil and nifedipine could all be attributed to the vasodilator potency of these various pretreatments. In conclusion, the potent vasoconstrictor response to vasopressin in the pithed rat occurs independently of the peripheral sympathetic nervous system and its associated adrenoceptors and of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone systems. Moreover, vasopressin-induced vasoconstriction does not require the influx of extracellular calcium ions and is hence insensitive to calcium entry blockade. These findings for vasopressin reveal an important difference with respect to alpha 1/alpha 2-adrenoceptor agonists and angiotensin II, which are known to cause vasoconstriction largely dependent upon the influx of extracellular calcium ions.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the ability of qualified general nurses to perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation and to compare these skills with those of a group of ambulance nurses. DESIGN: Cross-sectional assessment of practical cardiopulmonary resuscitation skills. SUBJECTS: 141 Dutch general nurses. OUTCOME MEASURES: The practical skills were tested with six primary variables that describe the quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation techniques in a training situation. A total score on the skills was computed based on a predefined scoring system. RESULTS: The percentage of general nurses who were able to achieve a pass score (i.e., the total score did not exceed 15 penalty points) was 6.4 percent. The average score was 37.8 penalty points. Eighty-eight percent of the ambulance nurses achieved a pass score. The average number of penalty points was 10.5. CONCLUSIONS: The practical skills in cardiopulmonary resuscitation are insufficient in the majority of this sample of general nurses in The Netherlands. The findings of this study should be used as a base to design an optimal form and content of an educational re-instruction program. We expect that a considerable improvement could be achieved by more frequent cardiopulmonary resuscitation re-instruction.