PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

J T Manning

Publications and source records attributed to J T Manning.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

Inflammatory pseudotumor of the spleen. Report of two cases with a review of the literature.

This study reports two cases of inflammatory pseudotumor of the spleen. The first case was a 57-year-old woman in whom the splenic mass was an incidental finding during evaluation for an acute abdomen due to a perforated, lithiasic gallbladder. The mass in the spleen measured 12.7 cm in greatest dimension. The second case was of a 46-year-old woman with a palpable, left upper quadrant mass. A computed tomography scan revealed a splenic mass and the spleen was removed. The mass measured 12 cm in greatest dimension. In a review of the literature, 13 examples of splenic inflammatory pseudotumor were reported. The age range was 19 to 75 years, with a median age of 50 years. The splenic lesions were either discovered incidentally or manifested by left upper quadrant discomfort and/or mass. Inflammatory pseudotumor of the spleen, although rare, is being increasingly recognized and should be considered in the differential diagnosis of mass lesions of the spleen.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1991

Salivary-type neoplasms of the sinonasal tract.

Salivary-type neoplasms of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses are numerically dominated by adenoid cystic carcinomas and pleomorphic adenomas. All others, benign or malignant, are rarely encountered and are usually biologically and histologically low-grade. Sites of origin in the sinonasal tract conform to the density and distribution of the seromucous glands and hence are most often nasal (septum and turbinates) or ostial.

Humans↗
PubMed1989

Effect of age and renal function on cefonicid pharmacokinetics.

Cefonicid (15 mg/kg) was administered intravenously at a constant rate of infusion over 15 min to 10 geriatric patients (mean age, 77 years) and to 4 young subjects (mean age, 35 years). Model-dependent and noncompartmental pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated and found to be congruous; noncompartmental data are reported. Significant differences in the values for area under the curve, mean residence time, total body clearance, and renal clearance were observed between the geriatric and young groups. Mean elimination half-life values were 9.59 and 4.88 h for the geriatric and young groups, respectively. Total body and renal clearances were inversely correlated to age and directly correlated to creatinine clearance. Free fraction was not correlated to albumin concentration but was correlated exponentially to total cefonicid concentration. Despite the prolonged half-life values observed in our geriatric patients, the difference in mean trough concentrations was slight. Daily administration of a 15-mg/kg dose should provide adequate concentrations in serum and should not produce appreciable accumulation in geriatric patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Relapsing polychondritis.

Inflammatory destruction of cartilages, presumably on an autoimmune basis, characterizes relapsing polychondritis, a disease of varying severity and outcome. The otolaryngologist-head and neck surgeon is often the first physician contact, because the preponderance of signs and symptoms are in the head and neck, ie, auricular and nasal chondritis, ocular and auditory manifestations, and laryngotracheobronchial involvement.

Humans↗
PubMed1988

Effect of trypsinization on the immunostaining of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues.

We have investigated the action of trypsin treatment on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections prior to immunostaining with a variety of commercially available poly- and monoclonal antibodies commonly used in surgical pathology. Although enzymatic predigestion often markedly reduced the background and enhanced the immunoreaction for certain antibodies, false negative staining or no enhancement of the staining was observed with other antibodies. We conclude that the indiscriminate practice of trypsinization in immunohistochemical procedures could be a significant cause of false negative results and of discrepancies between laboratories. Therefore, each laboratory must develop its own quality control program for variables such as enzymatic predigestion.

Antigen-Antibody Reactions↗
PubMed1988

Paraimmunoblastic variant of small lymphocytic lymphoma/leukemia.

We report 16 cases of a distinctive, biologically aggressive variant of small lymphocytic lymphoma/leukemia (SLL/L) that is characterized by the diffuse proliferation of cells normally comprising the pseudoproliferation centers (so-called paraimmunoblasts). Demographically, the patients differed in no significant regard from patients with SLL/L of usual type. Rapidly progressive, generalized lymphadenopathy was the dominant clinical finding in 15 of the 16 patients; one patient presented with symptoms related to lymphomatous involvement of the stomach and regional lymph nodes. Splenomegaly was observed in five patients. Seven patients, two of whom had a history of indolent-phase chronic lymphocytic leukemia, had an absolute lymphocytosis at diagnosis. In most patients, bone marrow involvement was noted at diagnosis. It consisted predominantly of small lymphocytic infiltrates indistinguishable from those observed in SLL/L of usual type; significant paraimmunoblastic infiltration was infrequent and generally occurred late in the disease course. Immunohistochemical and cytogenetic study further substantiated the hypothesized relationship of these cases to SLL/L. Findings included (a) coexpression of sIg and Leu-1 antigen in the majority of cases and (b) the presence of a t(11;14) (q13;q32) chromosome translocation in two of three cases with analyzable metaphases. Although treatment protocols were not uniform, follow-up data indicated an accelerated clinical course. Eleven patients have died of their disease between 3 and 39 months after diagnosis; the median survival was 28 months.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Disposition of cefonicid in orthopedic surgery patients.

Ten patients undergoing hip reconstructive procedures were given a single prophylactic dose of cefonicid 15 mg/kg to evaluate intraoperative and perioperative drug disposition in the surgical setting. Timed postinfusion serum samples were collected over 24 hours and resulting concentration versus time data were subjected to noncompartmental pharmacokinetic analysis. Bone samples were obtained in eight of ten patients with mean bone concentrations of 13.3 micrograms/g (range 8.2-25.1). Postinfusion serum concentrations at five minutes postinfusion ranged from 200.8 to 316.7 micrograms/ml; the 12-hour mean was 19.1 micrograms/ml (range 4.0-48) and the 24-hour mean was 4.3 micrograms/ml (range 0.0-13.8). Protein binding at three sampling times ranged from 88 to 96.5 percent, increasing over time as total cefonicid concentrations fell. The mean half-life in our patients was 3.5 hours, compared with 4.8 hours in our four controls. These data indicate that altered protein binding and intraoperative events alter the disposition of cefonicid. Although differences in disposition parameters between patients and controls were not statistically significant, suboptimal serum cefonicid concentrations were observed in four orthopedic patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

A morphologic, immunologic, and cytometric approach to the classification of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in effusions.

The biologic and clinical heterogeneity of the various subtypes of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is related to differences in morphologic, immunologic, and kinetic properties. Comprehensive studies characterizing these features in lymphomatous effusion have yet to be reported. We recently studied 27 effusion specimens from 26 patients with clinically suspected or confirmed lymphoma. Wright-Giemsa- and Papanicolaou-stained cytologic preparations, acridine orange nucleic acid flow cytometry, and immunoperoxidase staining of cell suspensions using antibodies to a battery of T and B cell markers were evaluated and compared with prior histologic accessions. Specimens were classified by cytologic characteristics according to the International Working Formulation Scheme and by acridine orange nucleic acid flow cytometry using the parameters of DNA, RNA, and proliferative activity. Correlation of the cytometric and morphologic data demonstrated that with increasing cytologic grade of lymphoma, the proliferative activity increased progressively and distinguished between grades (P less than 0.01). Immunologic studies identified B cell phenotype in 16 specimens, T cell in three, and true histiocytic lymphoma in one; one lymphoma had no cell markers (null cell). Six effusions proved to be inflammatory and reactive according to surface marker studies. Classification by cytologic characteristics showed good correlation with histologic classification performed previously. Immunologic study of cytologic specimens gave results identical to those achieved by frozen-section immunohistologic examination. Thus, immunologic and cytometric parameters can be readily performed on effusion specimens and aid in the diagnosis and classification of lymphomas.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Necrotizing sialometaplasia of major salivary glands.

Major salivary glands have been rarely reported as sites of necrotizing sialometaplasia, a disease primarily affecting minor salivary tissue, particularly that of the palate. Eight cases of necrotizing sialometaplasia of the parotid and submandibular glands are presented and added to six reported earlier by Donath (1979). The clinical and pathologic findings in the 14 cases give strong support to the vascular-based-infarct genesis of necrotizing sialometaplasia.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Granulocytic sarcoma in nonleukemic patients.

Sixteen patients presenting with granulocytic sarcoma without evidence of acute leukemia were seen and diagnosed at The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Hospital and Tumor Institute at Houston from 1962 to 1985. Seven of them (44%) did not develop acute leukemia. Of these seven, four are alive with no evidence of disease 3.5 to 16 years after initial presentation; the remaining three patients died of their disease within 2 to 8 months of presentation. Two of 16 patients were diagnosed within the last 15 months and do not have adequate follow-up. The seven remaining patients developed acute leukemia within 1 week to 13 months of the diagnosis of granulocytic sarcoma. Six of them died 5 weeks to 16 months after diagnosis; one patient has been in complete remission for 8 years. Twelve of these 16 cases (75%) were initially misdiagnosed, most frequently as large cell lymphoma. The remaining four cases were correctly diagnosed as granulocytic sarcoma. The naphthol-ASD-chloroacetate esterase stain was required to make the correct diagnosis in all cases. Contrary to findings in other series, granulocytic sarcoma arising in nonleukemic patients does not necessarily progress to acute leukemia. At least four of 16 (25%) patients in this series did not develop acute leukemia during the 3.5 to 16 years they have been followed. No prognostic factors were identified in this series to predict which patients would develop acute leukemia and which ones would not.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Chromosomal abnormalities in lymphoma and their correlations with nucleic acid flow cytometry.

Cytogenetic studies were performed on 25 samples obtained from 25 patients with lymphoma. Fourteen of these were also simultaneously studied with nucleic acid flow cytometry to determine percent S-phase and DNA content (ploidy). In 17 cases (68%), evaluable metaphases were obtained. The evaluable metaphase rate was higher in previously untreated patients (15/19 or 79%). All but two cases showed abnormal karyotype. All five cases showing either the t(8;14) or t(8;22) abnormality were associated with extremely high percent S-phase values, ranging from 36% to 47%, which is in the range of high-grade lymphomas according to our previous experience. Four of these cases were diagnosed as Burkitt's lymphoma and one as diffuse large cell lymphoma. Further review of this latter case resulted in the pathologic diagnosis being changed to Burkitt's lymphoma. Three patients had either numerical or structural abnormalities of chromosome #21 [two cases of extra chromosomes and one i(21q)]. All three cases were diagnosed as diffuse large cell lymphoma. Four instances of trisomy 12 were identified. Only one of these was diagnosed as diffuse well-differentiated lymphocytic lymphoma. The remaining three were Burkitt's lymphoma in two and diffuse large cell lymphoma in one. Two instances of t(14;18) were observed. This is the characteristic abnormality of follicular lymphomas. One of these cases was a follicular large cell lymphoma. The second case had possibly originated from a follicular mixed lymphoma and had evolved into a diffuse mixed cell type. Both of these cases had low S-phase values in the range of low-grade lymphomas. The correlation between ploidy as determined by flow cytometry and cytogenetic analysis was good whenever the DNA index was elevated. However, when the DNA index was 1.0 (diploid), concordant measurements were observed in only five of eight cases. Flow cytometry detected one instance of clearly abnormal ploidy, which was thought to be diploid by cytogenetics. This case most likely represents a "false negative" cytogenetic determination.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Environmental change, mutational load and the advantage of sexual reproduction.

There is evidence that asexual reproduction has a long-term disadvantage when compared to sexual reproduction. This disadvantage is usually assumed to arise from the more efficient incorporation of advantageous mutations by sexual populations. We consider here the effect on asexual and sexual populations of changes in the fitness of harmful mutations. It is shown that the re-establishment of equilibrium following environmental change is generally faster in sexual populations, and that the mutational load experienced by the sexual population can be significantly less during this period than that experienced by an asexual one. Changes in the fitness of harmful mutations may therefore impose a greater long-term disadvantage on asexual populations than those which are sexual.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

T-cell involvement in benign phase chronic myelogenous leukemia.

T cells from the peripheral blood of patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) were cultured with phytohemagglutinin and T-cell growth factor (TCGF) in agar culture. These T-cell colonies were pooled and expanded further in liquid culture with TCGF and then simultaneously analysed for the E-rosette receptor with the monoclonal antibody OKT11 and for the presence of the Philadelphia (Ph1) chromosome. OKT11 analysis showed these populations to be composed 99.5% or more of T cells. In four of the seven patients the T-cell suspension showed 7/50 (14%), 3/36 (8%), 2/34 (6%), and 4/44 (9%) Ph1 metaphases. Furthermore, Ph1 metaphases were demonstrated in T-cell cultures in two patients when bone marrow metaphases simultaneously showed 90 and 100% Ph1 negative metaphases secondary to human leukocyte interferon therapy or combination chemotherapy. A minority of T cells in benign phase CML have the Ph1 abnormality despite reduced number of Ph1 metaphases in bone marrow from therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Extraosseous osteogenic sarcoma of the parotid gland.

The first reported case of an extraosseous osteogenic carcinoma of the parotid gland is presented. The head and neck region is an unusual site for these unusual neoplasms, with approximately 5 per cent of all extraosseous osteogenic sarcomas originating in the soft tissues of the face and neck. The neoplasms may arise after a latent period following radiation therapy. The majority, however, arise de novo. As a group, extraosseous osteogenic sarcomas are very aggressive and lethal neoplasms with an average 5-year survival of 15.6 per cent (Rao et al., 1978).

Aged↗
PubMed1986

Comparison of monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies directed against immunoglobulin light and heavy chains in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

A study comparing the usage of monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies specific for immunoglobulin light and heavy chains was performed on frozen-tissue sections of 30 B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. In 16 cases, monotypic staining for an immunoglobulin light chain was demonstrated with monoclonal antibodies using a three-step avidin-biotin peroxidase complex (ABC) method; 13 cases were positive for kappa. In 14 cases, no immunoglobulin light-chain production was demonstrated. Repeat staining of 11 of these 14 cases with polyclonal anti-sera by a direct immunoperoxidase method demonstrated monotypic staining for light chain in 10 cases, 9 of which were positive for lambda. In 22 of 30 non-Hodgkin's lymphomas, an immunoglobulin heavy chain was identified using monoclonal anti-sera. In eight cases, however, no heavy chain was found. Repeated staining with polyclonal sera of additional sections in three of eight cases demonstrated heavy-chain production in each case. Decreased sensitivity, especially for the detection of the lambda light chain, rendered this particular lot of monoclonal antibodies unsuitable for immunophenotyping non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. Variability of antigenic sites on the immunoglobulin molecule seems a likely explanation for these observations.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1986

Tumor burden assessment and its implication for a prognostic model in advanced diffuse large-cell lymphoma.

Previously untreated adult patients who presented with advanced diffuse large-cell lymphoma (DLCL) at diagnosis were studied to identify possible prognostic factors. One hundred five patients were seen between 1974 and 1981; 45 patients were stage III and 60 patients were stage IV. All patients received cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, prednisone, and bleomycin (CHOP-Bleo). Stage III patients also received radiation therapy alternated with chemotherapy. Overall survival was 50% at 5 years and 43% at 8 years. Seventy-four patients achieved a complete remission (CR) and 37 are alive and disease-free with a median follow-up of 72 months. There was no difference in clinical outcome between stage III and stage IV. However, a proportional hazards model identified lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) level and tumor burden, among all clinical factors studied, as independent risk factors for survival. These two factors were also important for achievement of remission and relapse-free survival. Three distinct patient risk groups were identified with 5-year survival rates of 87%, 48%, and 20%, respectively. The measure of tumor burden proposed herein, along with LDH level, can be used for developing treatment programs, and for meaningful comparison of different treatment regimens, as well as assessment of prognosis.

Abdominal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1986

Soft tissue tumors: unusual forms.

A variety of soft tissue tumors can occur in the head and neck area. Because, with the possible exception of rhabdomyosarcoma, they are seen less often in these sites than in the trunk and extremities, they can pose special problems in diagnosis, classification, and management.

Adolescent↗